1. Constellation Program Overview Mark Geyer Constellation Program Office October 2006

2. 2 A Bold Vision for Space Exploration, Authorized by Congress  Complete the International Space Station  Safely fly the Space Shuttle until 2010  Develop and fly the Crew Exploration Vehicle no later than 2014  Return to the Moon no later than 2020  Extend human presence across the solar system and beyond  Implement a sustained and affordable human and robotic program  Develop supporting innovative technologies, knowledge, and infrastructures  Promote international and commercial participation in exploration The Administrator shall establish a program to develop a sustained human presence on the Moon, including a robust precursor program to promote exploration, science, commerce and U.S. preeminence in space, and as a stepping stone to future exploration of Mars and other destinations. NASA Authorization Act of 2005

3. October 2006 3 Exploration Strategy Themes  Use the Moon to prepare for future human and robotic missions to Mars and other destinations  Pursue scientific activities to address fundamental questions about the solar system, the universe, and our place in them  Extend sustained human presence to the moon to enable eventual settlement  Expand Earth’s economic sphere to encompass the Moon and pursue lunar activities with direct benefits to life on Earth  Strengthen existing and create new global partnerships  Engage, inspire, and educate the public

4. October 2006 4 What’s the value of exploration?  Humans explore because it conveys an evolutionary advantage  exploration broadens experience and imagination, permitting better prediction of the future, ensuring better odds for survival  curiosity and its satisfaction is intellectually and emotionally satisfying  Exploration improves our ability to solve problems  increased imagination and knowledge base permits recognition of innovative approaches and solutions  helps focus energies on posing the right questions, or, questions that can be addressed and answered  Exploration excites and inspires the creative, productive segments of society  permits intellectual connections and relations that might not otherwise occur (the ‘ah-ha!’ syndrome)  Frontiers are unknown, mysterious places that stimulate imagination Paul D. Spudis Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, Space Soon Conference, 2006

5. October 2006 5 NASA’s Exploration Roadmap 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 Lunar Lander Development Lunar Heavy Launch Development Earth Departure Stage Development Surface Systems Development CEV Development Crew Launch Development Commercial Crew/Cargo for ISS Space Shuttle Ops Lunar Outpost Buildup Initial CEV Capability CEV Production and Operations Lunar Robotic Missions Science Robotic Missions Mars Expedition Design 1st Human CEV Flight 7th Human Lunar Landing Early Design Activity CSSS EVA Sortie Development CEV/ISS Development CSS Operations

6. October 2006 6 Heavy Lift Launch Vehicle Crew Launch Vehicle Earth Departure Stage Orion - Crew Exploration Vehicle Lunar Lander Components of Program Constellation

7. October 2006 7 Orion is Capable of Supporting Space Station Missions  Transport up to 6 crew members on Orion for crew rotation  210 day stay time  Emergency lifeboat for entire ISS crew  Deliver pressurized cargo for ISS resupply

8. October 2006 8 Orion System Elements Spacecraft Adapter – structural transition to launch vehicle Orion consists of four functional modules Launch Abort System -- emergency escape during launch Crew Module – crew and cargo transport Service Module – propulsion, electrical power, fluids storage

9. October 2006 9 Ares I - Crew Launch Vehicle  Serves as the long term crew launch capability for the U.S.  5 Segment Shuttle Solid Rocket Booster  New liquid oxygen / liquid hydrogen upperstage  J2X engine  Large payload capability

10. October 2006 10 Ares V – Heavy Cargo Launch Vehicle  5 Segment Shuttle Solid Rocket Boosters  Liquid Oxygen / liquid hydrogen core stage  Heritage from the Shuttle External Tank  RS68 Main Engines  Payload Capability  106 metric tons to low Earth orbit  125 Metric tons to low Earth orbit using Earth departure stage  55 metric tons trans-lunar injection capability using Earth departure stage  Can be certified for crew if needed

11. October 2006 11 Building on a Foundation of Proven Technologies - Launch Vehicle Comparisons - Crew Lander S-IVB (1 J-2 engine) 240k lb Lox/LH 2 S-II (5 J-2 engines) 1M lb LOx/LH 2 S-IC (5 F-1) 3.9M lb LOx/RP Lunar Lander Earth Departure Stage (EDS) (1 J-2X) 499k lb LOx/LH 2 Core Stage (5 RS-68 Engines) 3.1M lb LOx/LH 2 Upper Stage (1 J-2X) 280k lb LOx/LH 2 5-Segment Reusable Solid Rocket Booster (RSRB) Space Shuttle Ares I Ares VSaturn V Height: 184.2 ft Gross Liftoff Mass: 4.5M lb 55k lbm to LEO Height: 321 ft Gross Liftoff Mass: 2.0M lb 48k lbm to LEO Height: 358 ft Gross Liftoff Mass: 7.3M lb 117k lbm to TLI 144k lbm to TLI in Dual- Launch Mode with Ares I 290k lbm to LEO Height: 364 ft Gross Liftoff Mass: 6.5M lb 99k lbm to TLI 262k lbm to LEO 5-Segment 2 RSRB’s

12. October 2006 12 AA-1 Transonic Abort WSMR Integrated Flight Test Strategy Baseline Plan 1/121/10 7/09 1/11 7/104/12 CLV CDR CEV CDR PA-2 WSMR AA-2 Max q Abort WSMR AA-3 Tumble Abort WSMR KSC External Access 4/0910/094/1010/104/117/1110/117/1210/12 1/13 AresI-1/1R Pad Access Window 4/147/1410/144/137/1310/13 1/14 9/08 PMR Rev #1 Ares 2OFT-1OFT-2 FHL AA-4 High Altitude WSMR US STA Production US & USE USS “tuna can” Ares 1 PA-1 WSMR

13. October 2006 13 EVA Suit Strategy 2014/12 2018/1520232030+ CEV to ISSLunar SortieLunar OutpostMars LEA capability for all crewed CEV missions Zero-G capability for all crewed CEV missions Surface EVA capability for planetary exploration

14. October 2006 14 Lunar Lander  Transports 4 crew to and from the surface  Seven days on the surface  Lunar outpost crew rotation  Global access capability  Anytime return to Earth  Capability to land 20 metric tons of dedicated cargo  Airlock for surface activities  Descent stage:  Liquid oxygen / liquid hydrogen propulsion  Ascent stage:  Storable Propellants

15. October 2006 15 Constellation Work Locations

16. October 2006 16 Constellation Work Locations

17. October 2006 17 Constellation Work Locations

18. October 2006 18 Constellation Work Locations

19. October 2006 19 Constellation Work Locations

20. October 2006 20 Constellation Work Locations

21. October 2006 21 Constellation Work Locations

22. October 2006 22 Constellation Work Locations

23. October 2006 23 Constellation Work Locations

24. October 2006 24 Constellation Work Locations

25. October 2006 25 Thank you!

26. October 2006 26 Typical Lunar Reference Mission Ascent Stage Expended EDS, LSAM CEV LSAM Performs LOI 100 km Low Lunar Orbit Vehicles are not to scale. Low Earth Orbit Service Module Expended MOON EARTH Direct Entry Land Landing Earth Departure Stage Expended

27. October 2006 27 Ares Launch Vehicle Elements Ares IAres V 117k lbm to TLI 144k lbm to TLI in Dual-Launch Mode with Ares I 290k lbm to LEO 117k lbm to TLI 144k lbm to TLI in Dual-Launch Mode with Ares I 290k lbm to LEO Composite Shroud Earth Departure Stage LOx/LH 2 1 J-2X Engine Al-Li Tanks/Structures Core Stage LOx/LH 2 5 RS-68 Engines Al-Li Tanks/Structures 5-Segment 2 RSRBs Lunar Surface Access Module (LSAM) Interstage LAS Crew Exploration Vehicle (CEV) (Crew Module / Service Module) Spacecraft Adapter Instrument Unit Forward Skirt Upper Stage J-2X Upper Stage Engine Interstage Forward Frustum First Stage (5-Segment RSRB) 48k lbm to LEO