1. Chapter 2 Understanding How New Communication Technologies Work Online Communication

2. In this chapter, you will learn: A brief history of cybernetic machines; The features that identify the Internet; The common features of online communication; How time is experienced on the Internet; and How reading is affected by hypertext. Online Communication

3. technological determinism: a perspective that our growing ability to alter or replace nature provides a central reason for most personal and social trends

4. Cybernetic Machines Charles Babbage’s analytical engine The Jacquard Loom Norbert Weiner’s popularizing of cybernetics ARPANET Internet Online Communication

5. Norbert Weiner (1954) wrote The Human Use of Human Beings and began to popularize the notion that information is an exchange of data necessary for one system to influence the behavior of another system. Cybernetic Machines

6. Online Communication The government-backed and military- endorsed Advanced Research Projects Agency (ARPA) founded the network of computers that began as the ARPANET and grew into the Internet. Cybernetic Machines

7. The Internet... Is linked together through a global address system; Uses a common form of transmission protocol; and Allows public and private communication. Online Communication

8. Features of Online Communication Packet-switching Multimedia Interactivity Synchroncity Hypertextuality Online Communication Newhagen, J. E., & Rafaeli, S. (1996, March). Why communication researchers should study the Internet: A dialogue. Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, 1 (4),.

9. Online Chronemics synchronous communication: the exchange of messages in real time asynchronous communication: the exchange of messages with significant lag time between them Online Communication

10. How Hypertext Challenges Reading From linearity to multilinearity From centrality to links From hierarchy to cooperation Online Communication Landow, G. P. (1992). Hypertext: The convergence of contemporary critical theory and technology. Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University Press.

11. A Brief Review 1. What influences supported the rise of the Internet? 2. What three characteristics define the Internet? 3. What five features distinguish online communication from other forms? 4. How can time influence communication? 5. What three issues does hypertext introduce to reading? Online Communication