1. Learning Objectives Be able to recap on research you have completed regarding sustainability Understand that the 6Rs are the focus of most of the questions on the sustainability exam paper Know how to properly structure an answer in the exam

2. Carbon offsetting This is a method which people / companies are able to offset the impact they have on the environment in terms of their carbon footprint. Carbon offsetting involves contributing to the development of more ecological methods of energy generation e.g. a petrol producer funding a wind power farm Some companies are assigned a certain amount of carbon production per year. E.g. If Ford were allowed to produce 30000000 tonnes and then only produced 1000000 they could sell the remaining to another company http://www.bptargetneutral.com/2011/09/how-does-carbon-offsetting- work/

3. CFCs Chlorofluorocarbon were developed in the 1930s and were widely used up until the 1980s They are one of a group of synthetic substances containing chlorine and bromine. It was discovered that CFCs are one of the main sources of harm to the ozone layer e.g. Used to be common in old fridges, and in degreasing solvents

4. Primary Recycling Also known as closed-loop recycling This is when you take the recycled material and use it again to make the same product A second hand item is a form of primary recycling as you are simply taking the product and using it again. e.g. An aluminium drinks can being recycled again into another aluminium drinks can

5. Secondary / Physical Recycling This is when waste materials are recycled into different types of products. Some products can be left to biodegrade before being regenerated into something else. e.g. Aluminium drinks cans being turned into car parts

6. Tertiary or chemical recycling This is when products are broken down and reformulated e.g. Plastic bottles can be recycled into fibres and then respun into fabric for coats and fabrics Car tyres can be reused to make wallets, computer mouse mats

7. Why Recycle? Rubbish dumps are rapidly filling up all over the world Why put valuable / useful materials into a landfill when they could be reused over and over again Using materials over and over again in most cases uses less energy to produce a product

8. Why Recycle? Rubbish dumps are rapidly filling up all over the world Why put valuable / useful materials into a landfill when they could be reused over and over again Using materials over and over again in most cases uses less energy to produce a product Reduces carbon emissions during the production stage of a product

9. Natural energy sources Wind power

10. Solar Power

11. Geothermal

12. Hydro power

13. Tidal / wave power

14. Reforestation This is the restocking of existing forests and woodlands which normally have been depleted (majority all used up)

15. Sweatshop This refers to a working environment / business with poor / dangerous working conditions