1. INFERENCES WHAT ARE INFERENCES ?

2. Inference Background Knowledge (schema) Background Knowledge (schema) Making Connections Making Connections Questioning Predictions Imagination/ Visualization Imagination/ Visualization Analysis of Text: Interpretation/ Judgment Analysis of Text: Interpretation/ Judgment Drawing Conclusions

3. Picturing Inferences

4. Inferences Inferences Definition An inference can be defined as an act or process of deriving a conclusion based solely on what one already knows. A general conclusion drawn from information that is given.

5. Inferences Inferences Inferences are logical conclusions. You use your brain to figure out things the author doesn’t come right out and tell you. Inferences are logical conclusions. You use your brain to figure out things the author doesn’t come right out and tell you. Successful Readers draw inferences* from the text.

6. Inferences Inferences Successful readers ……….. 1)Recognize the antecedents for pronouns 2)Figure out the meaning of unknown words form context clues 3)Figure out the grammatical function of an unknown word. 4)Understand the intonation of characters’ words 5)Identify characters’ beliefs, personalities, and motivations. 6)Understand characters’ relationship to one another.

7. Inferences Inferences Successful readers cont …….. 7)Provide details about the setting. 8)Provide explanations for event or ideas that are presented in the text. 9)Offer details for events or their own explanations of the events presented in the text. 10)Understand the author’s view of the world. 11)Recognize the author’s biases. 12)Relate what is happening in the text to their own knowledge of the world. 13)Offer conclusions from facts presented in the text.

8. Inferences Inferences How to make good inferences… “Look for pronouns and figure out what to connect them to.” “Look for pronouns and figure out what to connect them to.” “Think about the setting and see what details you can add.” “Think about the setting and see what details you can add.” “Think about something that you know about this (insert topic) and see how that fits with what’s in the text.” “Think about something that you know about this (insert topic) and see how that fits with what’s in the text.” “Why would a character act a certain way?” “Why would a character act a certain way?” “Look at how a character said something. How would you have interpreted what that character said.” Look at tone, mood, etc. “Look at how a character said something. How would you have interpreted what that character said.” Look at tone, mood, etc.

9. Inferences Inferences “Look for words you don’t know and see if any other words in the sentence or surrounding sentences can give you an idea of what those unknown words mean.” “Look for words you don’t know and see if any other words in the sentence or surrounding sentences can give you an idea of what those unknown words mean.” “Look for any clues about how the author might feel.” “Look for any clues about how the author might feel.”

10. Inferences What is happening here? He put down $10.00 at the window. The woman behind the window gave $4.00. The person next to him gave him $3.00, but he gave it back to her. So, when they went inside, she bought him a large bag of popcorn………….. Make an inference about this passage

11. Reciprocate When we invite the Paulsons for dinner, they never invite us to their home for a meal; however, when we have the Browns to dinner, they always reciprocate. When we invite the Paulsons for dinner, they never invite us to their home for a meal; however, when we have the Browns to dinner, they always reciprocate.

12. Gregarious Those who enjoy belonging to clubs, going to parties, and inviting friends often to their homes for dinner are gregarious. Those who enjoy belonging to clubs, going to parties, and inviting friends often to their homes for dinner are gregarious.

13. Incarcerate Murderers are usually incarcerated for longer periods of time than robbers. Murderers are usually incarcerated for longer periods of time than robbers.

14. Inferences Inferences Questions…………

18. Inference Record Form Name_________ Inference Record Form Name_________ When I read, (words from text) ______________________________________________ ______________________________________________ ____________________________________, When I read, (words from text) ______________________________________________ ______________________________________________ ____________________________________, I think (inference) ____________________________ I think (inference) ____________________________ ___________________________________________ ___________________________________________ because ____________________________________ because ____________________________________ ___________________________________________ ___________________________________________ (My background knowledge/schema) (My background knowledge/schema)