1. N-Glycosylation mediation of Plant Immunity in Arabidopsis
Matt Borchardt and Jessica Allen

3. Max-Planck Society for the Advancement of Science
Originally created as the Kaiser Wilhelm Society in 1911, changed in 1948
Boasts 32 Nobel Prizes awarded to their scientists
Top Non-University Institution in Science by Times Higher Education
Albert Einstein, Fritz Haber, and Peter Debye were named directors at some point in its history

4. Arabidopsis Brassicaceae family model organism
ABC Plant Model
First plant to have entire genome sequenced

5. Signaling in Cells
Cells are constantly being introduced to various signals inside and outside of the cell
Signal receptors are signal-specific
Causes a cellular response

6. Example of Cell Signaling
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7. Cell Signaling and Plants
Cell signaling is important for Plant Immunity
Provides feedback systems to promote cellular defense
Growth inhibition
Production of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)
“oxidative burst”
Apoptosis

8. Plant Receptors Pattern Recognition Receptors (PRRs)
membrane-bound protein of the innate immune system
recognize microbe-associated molecular patterns (MAMPs) on pathogens
Contain membrane-bound polysaccharides

9. Arabidopsis has approximately 56 known RLPs
EFR recognizes and responds to elf18
FLS2 recognizes and responds to flg22
MAMPs are recognized by N-glycans on PRRs

10. N-Glycans Attach to asparagine residues of plasma membrane
Initial contact between plant cells and pathogens

11. N-glycosylation Occurs in eukaryotes during/after translation
Linking of 14-sugar precursor to the asparagine in the polypeptide chain
12-52.Molecular Biology of the Cell, 4th Edition

12. Oligosaccharyltransferase Complex
Transfers the 14-sugar oligosaccharide from dolichol to the protein
The central step in N-linked glycosylation
Located in the ER
Post-translational modification

13. N-Glycosylation Intermediates

14. Altered/Prevention of N-Glycosylation
Creates unfolding of proteins
Only correctly folded proteins are exported from the ER
Causes a reduction in receptor accumulation
Causes lack of receptor-signal induced pathways
Leads to decreased immune response

15. In this study
Mutated genes produce plants with modifications in the N-glycosylation steps
stt3a
Genes present in ER which encode for oligosaccharyltransferase complex

16. Tunicamycin Antibiotic
Blocks glycoprotein synthesis in first step of glycosylation
Causes arrest of cell cycle in G1
Produced by bacterium Streptomyces

17. Endoplasmic Reticulum
Bacteria
MAMP
Bacteria
MAMP
PRR-EFR
PRR-FLS2
Plasma Membrane
Endoplasmic Reticulum
Golgi Apparatus
Seedling Growth
ROS