1. Living Organisms share six Characteristics. 1. Getting energy 2. Using energy 3. Growing 4. Reproducing 5. Getting rid of waste 6. Reacting to outside change Organism – Any living thing that maintains processes of life Cell – The basic unit of structure for all living things

2. Cells are Building Blocks Organism There are around 2.5 billion cells in one of your hands. If every cell in your hand was the size of a grain of sand, your hand would be the size of a school bus. There are over 200 cell types in the body.

3. There are many different kinds of cells!

4. Animal Cell Cell membrane (orange) Cytoplasm (yellow) Nucleus (red) Vacuoles (Blue) Mitochondria (Purple) Mitochondria Nucleus

5. Parts of an Animal Cell Science Book pages 54-57 Organelle (little organs) – specialized structures inside a living cell where all activities are carried out Cell Membrane – a thin covering that surrounds every cell, it protects the cell, holds it together, and controls what goes in and out Nucleus – directs all cell activities. This is where the chromosomes that contain information about the cell are found. Cytoplasm – contains chemicals that keeps the cell healthy. There are organelles suspended in the cytoplasm like… Mitochondria -powerhouse that releases energy from nutrients Vacuoles – store nutrients, water, and waste, until they are used or released

7. DNA - carries the genetic information for a cell and is a set of instructions that tells the cell what to do or be. Chromosome – a single long molecule of DNA.

8. Plant Cell Vacuole (Blue) Cell Membrane (orange) Chloroplast (green) Nucleus (red) Mitochondria (purple) Cytoplasm (yellow) Cell Wall (Brown)

9. Plant cells have structures not found in animal cells. * Cell wall – helps support the plant cell. It is outside of the cell membrane. * Chloroplasts – make food for plant cells using chlorophyll. * Chlorophyll – a green pigment that allows the plant to absorb light energy that it needs for photosynthesis.

10. 3D Cell Model Dear 5 th Grade Families, As we discuss cells, students will be creating a 3D model of a plant cell. The requirements are as follows: Students must make a 3D model of a plant cell using the materials of their choice. Be creative! Please no food products! Include and label the following parts: cell membrane, cell wall, nucleus, mitochondria, vacuole, chloroplast, and cytoplasm. The plant cell must be completed and brought to school on Thursday, November 14 th. No late or early projects will be accepted. I fully expect that fifth graders will do this project on their own. Please choose materials and processes that can be done without assistance. These projects will be graded based on fifth grade ability. Please contact me with any questions. I look forward to seeing the students’ creativity!! -Miss Elder

11. Single-Celled Organisms Moneran (nucleus) Protist (nucleus)

12. Digestion Cheese Decomposition Diseases like: Lyme disease anthrax tetanus food poisoning acne pneumonia strep throat scarlet fever cilia flagella Cilia and flagella are used to help the cell move itself.

13. Bacteria!!

15. Amoeba – is an animal like cell (protozoa) many amoebas are predators and hunt by stretching out their cytoplasm to surround an envelope prey, and then break it down into nutrients. Many amoebas are parasites (harm other organisms by feeding off of them). Amoeba

16. Diseases caused by amoebas and other protozoa. Malaria Electron microscope African sleeping sickness Chagas’ disease Leishmaniasis

17. Diatoms – single celled organisms that are plant like. Diatoms have chloroplasts and make their own food. This type of algae produce a lot of Earth’s oxygen. They are also produce a lot of food for ocean life. Diatoms

18. Robert Hooke Discovered cells when he looked at a thin slice of cork through a microscope 300 years ago As he was looking through the microscope, he noticed a pattern of small rectangular box-like squares in the cork – reminded him of little rooms He named these “cells” after the Latin word for room, cella.

19. Ernest Just African-American born in SC in 1883 Majored in Biology Made discoveries about cells after microscopes became stronger. Discovered that there were other parts of the cell besides the nucleus did. Was able to discover whether or not a cell functioned properly or not