1. Nanotechnology in the European Union (Part II) Ineke Malsch, Malsch TechnoValuation Regional Mexican Centre of Science and Technologies EULAKS Summerschool Mexico City 26 August 2009

2. Table of contents: Introduction EU and national policies for nanoscience and technology Conclusions

3. Introduction – Who am I? Ineke Malsch, director of Malsch TechnoValuation: Consultant on Technology and Society: EU projects incl. ObservatoryNano and ICPCNanoNet. Technology Assessment of nanotechnology. Publications on nano-, bio-, microsystems technology, etc. Located in Utrecht, since 1999. www.malsch.demon.nlwww.malsch.demon.nl C.V: Graduated in Physics, University of Utrecht, 1991 Postgrad education in Environmental Impact Assessment and Social Studies of Science and Technology Scholarship STOA, European Parliament, Luxemburg, 1995-1996 (incl. nano) Fellowship nanotechnology IPTS, JRC, EC, Sevilla, 1996-1998 Part time study Theology, KTU, Utrecht, 2004-2005 Part-time PhD project Centrum voor Ethiek, RU Nijmegen, since 2005 (professor J-P Wils)

4. Introduction European Union (EU27)Associated States to FP7 incl. Austria Belgium Bulgaria Cyprus Czech Republic Denmark Estonia Finland France Germany Greece Hungary Ireland Italy Latvia Lithuania Luxembourg Malta Netherlands Poland Portugal Romania Slovakia Slovenia Spain Sweden United Kingdom Iceland Israel Norway Switzerland Turkey © European Commission http://ec.europa.eu/avservices/home/index_en.cfm http://ec.europa.eu/avservices/home/index_en.cfm

5. Introduction: Science, Technology and Innovation policy in the European Union is shared between the European Union and the Member States; The policy is coordinated in the framework of the Lisbon Strategy for Growth and Jobs (2000, updated in 2005); Part of the national budgets for RTD is handed over to the European Commission and distributed via the Framework Programmes for RTD (currently FP7); Several non-EU member states are associated to the Framework programme; The EU funding is mainly focused on more applied research (e.g. Nanotechnology); National governments are responsible for basic science.

7. EU and national policies for nanoscience and technology

8. EU policy for nanoscience and technology: Since 2002, Nanotechnology is explicitly included as a priority in the Thematic programmes on Nanotechnology, Materials and Production Process (NMP) in the 6 th and 7 th Framework Programmes for RTD (FP6 and FP7) 12-05-2004: European Commission Communication Towards a European Strategy for Nanotechnology 07-06-2005: EC Action Plan Nanosciences and Nanotechnologies; An Action Plan for Europe 2005- 2009 06-09-2007: EC First implementation report for the Action Plan http://cordis.europa.eu/nanotechnology/actionplan.htm http://ec.europa.eu/nanotechnology/index_en.html

9. Elements of the EC Action Plan: -R&D and innovation -Infrastructure development -Interdisciplinary Human Resource development -Industrial innovation -Integrating societal expectations and concerns -Public health, safety, environment and consumer protection -International cooperation / dialogue

10. European level funding for nanotechnology RTD: European Union FP7 (NMP programme and others); Coordination of national funding of member and associated states through ERANET (FP6 and FP7 (e.g. NanoSci-ERA, MNT-ERANET, EuroNanoMed); In FP7 ERANET+ schemes national funding can be topped up by EC funding.

11. The following slides have been made available by EC project officer Jyrki Suominen Disclaimer: Note that this presentation is not legally binding and does not represent any commitment on behalf of the European Commission NMP nanotechnology strategy - Nanosciences and nanotechnologies

12. million 7 th Framework Programme: Programmes and themes Note: The Framework Programme is the strategic instrument for RTD policy (Chapter XVIII of the Treaty), see: http://cordis.europa.eu/fp7/find-doc_en.html

13. EU public funding in nanotechnology in 2007 (Member States + EC-FP7) FP7 theme /SP M% NMP 282.049.0 ICT incl. FET 147.525.6 Ideas (ERC) 18.03.1 People 74.012.9 Energy 17.03.0 Health 23.54.1 Infrastructures 1.50.3 SME 12.02.1 575100

14. Theme 4:, nanotechnologies, materials and new production technologies Theme 4: Nanosciences, nanotechnologies, materials and new production technologies Overall objective : improve the competitiveness of EU industry (including SMEs) and ensure its transformation through: the effective transition from a resource-based to knowledge-based industry generation of new breakthrough, applicable, knowledge strengthening EU leadership in nano, materials and production technologies emphasis on integrating different technologies and disciplines across many sectors Importance of Technology Platforms to help establish common research priorities and targets

15. Theme 4: Nanosciences, nanotechnologies, materials and new production technologies Four activities: 1. Nanosciences and nanotechnologies 2. Materials 3. New production 4. Integration of technologies for industrial applications …very good continuity with « NMP » activities in FP 6 !!

16. Nano- and converging Sciences and Technologies Summary of 2010-2013 focus and activities Near Term planning & Foresight Roadmaps & Coverage 2003-2008;MS progs EAGIAG Strategic focus 2010-2013 Application-drivenN-N integrated systems Framework programme MissionContent

17. Mission statement Enable Europe to derive maximum social, environmental, economic benefit from the support of application-driven nanotechnology system research, development and demonstration; Contribute to the development of a world leading European Nanotechnology industry founded on scientific excellence; Provide leadership in international efforts towards promoting fact-based awareness and control of potential risks to health, safety and the environment from the production and use of nanotechnologies.

18. Objective :Create materials and systems with pre- defined properties and behaviour based on knowledge and experience at nano-scale Realisation of nano-structures, systems or materials. Processes for nano-fabrication, surface functionalisation, thin layers, self assembling properties. Method and processes for measuring and characterisation. Realisation of nano-structures, systems or materials. Processes for nano-fabrication, surface functionalisation, thin layers, self assembling properties. Method and processes for measuring and characterisation. Nano-technologies Competitivenes s Impact Horizontal activities Risk assessment & knowledge gap closure + Safety Health Environmental Impacts Social context and support Nomenclature, metrology and standards dedicated centres of knowledge and expertise Safety, health, environmental and industrial Impact; Infrastructure Strategic target New knowledge of interactions of atoms, molecules and their aggregations with both natural and artificial entities. Understanding or imitating the natural processes at nano-metric scale. Nano-sciences Interdisciplinarity Approach; Convergence

19. Importance of social context and support

20. Ethical research is a priority EU research in the FPs respects the EU ethical principles; All FPs research projects are scrutinised already at the proposal stage and when necessary a specific ethical review is carried out; The European Group on Ethics in Science and New Technologies (EGE), an independent body which advises the European Commission on ethical aspects of science;. The Commission has also recently published a code of conduct for responsible nanosciences and nanotechnologies research.

21. Structure of N-N industrial development for Nanosystems by design Inter-disciplinary –Interactions of atoms, molecules and their aggregates –Natural processes at nano-scale Structures/Systems/Devices/Components Modelling/Simulation/Computation/Design Metrology/Instrumentation/Machinery/ Production Safety, health, environment, risk assess./mgt. Applications International Cooperation Applications

22. Agreed call topics for 2010/11 + indicative priorities for future calls Overall workflow – strategy and work programme development NMP Programme Committee NMP Advisory Group FEEDBACK Proposal for a multi -annual implementatio n plan FP 6 project portfolio (including specific roadmapping/foresight studies) Platform SRAs Other foresight material + requirements of other stakeholder groups Analysis & dialogue, e.g. with the help of ad-hoc Advisory Group on industrial nanotech & other Advisory groups

23. NMP 2010 Work Programme Opening 30 July 2009 7 dedicated nanotechnology topics –of which two coordinated calls (Mexico, USA) Further two integration and one construction PPP topic with strong nanotechnology emphasis ERANET on Nanotechnologies (including nanotoxicology)

24. References FP7: FP7: http://cordis.europa.eu/fp7/home_en.htmlhttp://cordis.europa.eu/fp7/home_en.html Nanotechnology funding: http://cordis.europa.eu/nanotechnology/src/eu_funding.ht m Nanotechnology homepage: http://ec.europa.eu/nanotechnology/index_en.html Additional information on nanotechnology: Thank You for Your Attention

25. ObservatoryNano project: Funded under FP7 by the EC for 4 years from 1st April 2008. Mission: to create a European Observatory on Nanotechnologies: To present reliable, complete and responsible science-based and economic expert analysis, across different technology sectors, To establish dialogue with decision makers and others regarding the benefits and opportunities, balanced against barriers and risks, And to allow them to take action to ensure that scientific and technological developments are realized as socio-economic benefits.

26. ObservatoryNano project: Will collate and analyse data regarding scientific and technological (ST) trends (including peer-reviewed publications, patents, roadmaps, published company data) And economic realities and expectations (including market analysis and economic performance, public and private funding strategies). Supported by assessment of ethical and societal issues, impacts on health, environment and safety, as well as regulation, standardization, and legislative issues. ObservatoryNANO has established liaisons with international organizations including the EPO, OECD, and ISO, and will establish liaisons with relevant European Technology Platforms (ETPs), ERA NETs, and other relevant EU-funded projects, to ensure that effort is not duplicated and that resource sharing and output are maximized. The purpose of this integrated approach is to develop validated methodologies that yield accurate indicators of the socio-economic impact of N&N RTD.

27. Current European policies for nanoscience and technology – leading countries: CountryPolicyRTD programmeNetworksEHS aspectsSocietal aspects / dialogue GermanyNano Initiative Action Plan 2010 BMBF. Highest budget of Eur. countries, 2nd to EU Federal and Regional Competence Networks Included. Parliament wants 10% of nanofunding Included. Parliament wants better integration. FranceMeasures by the Ministry of Research, Dir. Research and Dir. Technology since 1999 Nano 2012 (next gen. ICs) (450 million Euro govt funding); investment in R&D, infrastructure, networks R3N (2005); CNano (2004-5); OMNT; RTRA (2007): Grenoble, Strasbourg, Orsay National dialogue 2009- 10 UKNew policy under public consultation, to be announced in Feb. 2010 Several funding councils Knowledge Transfer Networks since 2007 DEFRA, UK govt, projects Structural (govt, Royal Soc 2004, ELSA), consultation UK strategy 2009 Italy-Several sourcesSeveral National Research Facilities --

28. European policies for nanoscience and technology – countries: CountryPolicyRTD programmeNetworksEHS aspects Societal aspects / dialogue Spain-AENCNT, Plan Ingenio 2010, etc Nanospain-- SwitzerlandPast: TopNano21 SeveralSNI (formerly NCCR) Innovation Society TA Nanoswiss Poland-SeveralSeveral R&D networks -- NetherlandsAction Plan Nanotechno logy (2008), Cabinet vision Nanotechno logies (2006) NanoNed (until 2009, 235 million euro) FES High Tech Systems & Materials 2010- 14 (subject to govt decision) NanoNed (research) MinacNed (companies and R&D), Point One (Nanoelectronics) (proposed ) 15% of new FES money; RIVM, universitie s: projects 5% of NanoNed = ELSA research; Rathenau Institute; National Committee Nanodialogue 2009-10

29. European policies for nanoscience and technology – countries: CountryPolicyRTD programmeNetworksEHS aspects Societal aspects / dialogue Sweden-Different funding (50 million euro in 2007) 100 industry & 15 universities; Myfab -- Belgium – Flanders New govt.IWT: Nanotechnology projects Flanders Nano Bio Alliance (>2006) -Nanosoc (2006?-10) Belgium – Wallonia -NanoTIC project, nanofunding in competence clusters NANOWIN, NANOWAL Nanotoxico project - AustriaAction Plan is under construction Austrian Nano Initiative (from 2004, 35 million euro), other -Nanotrust (2007-10)

30. European policies for nanoscience and technology – countries: CountryPolicyRTD programmeNetworksEHS aspectsSocietal aspects / dialogue Denmark-Funding councils fund projects Nanet, Nano OresundProject Nano DTU - Finland-FinNano (70 million euro, 2005- 10) Nanotechnology Cluster programme 2007-13 -- Czech Republic -Nanotechnology and Society programme and others Czech Soc for NMT, NanoS&T group Czech Nanoteam 1 project on toxicity of nanoparticles - Portugal-SeveralI3N Network, International Iberian Nanotechnology Centre (with Spain)

31. Conclusions Nanopolicies: The European Union and a number of member states have formulated explicit nanotechnology strategies in the past; Most countries are investing without apparent overall policy; Currently, most strategies are being revised or new funding decisions pending.

32. References and further reading: -ObservatoryNano reports on Technical and Economic Trends, Ethical and Social, EHS, Legal aspects and Communication, 2009: www.observatorynano.eu www.observatorynano.eu -ICPC NanoNet annual reports on Nanotechnology in Latin America and other ICPC countries, 2009 www.icpc-nanonet.orgwww.icpc-nanonet.org -Palmberg et al, Nanotechnology: an overview based on indicators and statistics,OECD, Paris, 2009, http://www.oecd.org/dataoecd/59/9/43179651.pdf http://www.oecd.org/dataoecd/59/9/43179651.pdf -European Commission nanotechnology pages: http://cordis.europa.eu/nanotechnology/ and http://ec.europa.eu/nanotechnology/index_en.html http://cordis.europa.eu/nanotechnology/ http://ec.europa.eu/nanotechnology/index_en.html Acknowledgement: The work presented here has benefited from support by the European Union in several projects including ICPC NanoNet and ObservatoryNano. Slides on the EU policy on nanotechnology and on open calls for nano-proposals have been made available by EC project officer Jyrki Suominen. Any opinions given are solely my own responsibility and can not in any way be attributed to any European institution.