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Plant Cells and Tissues

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Presentation on theme: "Plant Cells and Tissues"— Presentation transcript:

1 Plant Cells and Tissues
Chapter 23.1

2 Plants are composed of cells which contain:
Cell wall Central vacuole Chloroplasts

3 Plant Tissues There are four types of tissues in plants: Dermal tissue
Vascular tissue Ground tissue Meristematic tissue

4 Dermal Tissue Also called the epidermis Composed of flattened cells
Protects and covers the body of the plant Produces the cuticle

5 Located in the Epidermal Layer…
Stomata: Opening in leaf tissue Help control water loss from plant Guard Cells: Controls the opening/closing of stomata Trichomes: Hairlike projections on stem and leaf Reduces evaporation of water from plant

6 Vascular Tissue Main function is to transport water, food throughout plant Two types of vascular tissue Xylem Phloem

7 Xylem Transports water from roots to plant Composed of tracheids
Tubular cells tapered at each end

8 Phloem Transports sugars to all parts of the plant
Made up of tubular cells joined end to end

9 Ground Tissue In charge of photosynthesis, storage, and secretion
Found throughout plant

10 Meristematic Tissue Produces most of a plant’s new cells
Located in regions of actively dividing cells

11 Roots, Stems, and Leaves Chapter 23.2

12 Roots Anchor, absorb nutrients, contain vascular tissue to transport materials Can be short or long, thick or thin Have root hairs Tiny extensions Increase surface area of root

13 Stems Support leaves and flowers, contains vascular tissue to transport materials Arrangement of vascular tissue: Monocots: Xylem and phloem scattered throughout stem Dicots: Xylem and phloem in a circle that form a ring

14 Growth of Stem Primary growth Secondary growth Increase in length
Increase in diameter Ex: Woody Stem:

15 Leaves Primary function: Photosynthesis
Some leaves joined directly to stem Example: grass blade In some leaves, a stalk called a petiole joins the leaf blade to the stem Simple leaf Blade that is not divided Compound leaf Blade divided into leaflets

16 Transpiration: Leaf venation: Loss of water through the stomata
Patterns of veins in the leaves Parallel Pinnate Palmate

17 Plant Responses Chapter 23.3

18 Plant Hormones Plants have hormones that regulate growth and development Auxins and Gibberellins (2 hormones) that promote growth in plants

19 Plant Responses Why do stems grow up and roots grow down? Tropism
Plant’s response to an external stimulus Phototropism Plant growth toward light Gravitropism Plant growth in response to gravity


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