1. Osteoporosis

2. For todays presentation… We will be discussing Background of osteoporosis Definition Causes Pathology Epidemiology Treatments Meal Plan Final Questions

3. What is Osteoporosis? Bone is a living tissue, that is constantly absorbed and replaced. Osteoporosis occurs when the creation of new bone does not keep up the with removal of old bone

4. What Causes Osteoporosis? “The leading cause of Osteoporosis are a drop in estrogen in women at the time of menopause and a drop in testosterone in men. “ Sedentary lifestyle Vitamin D deficiency Calcium deficiency Eating disorders Minor genetic components of Osteoporosis Mutation in genes that control bone mass and bone turnover

5. Pathology No systems in the early stages of this disease No known causes of the disease till fracture or signs of bone pain or tenderness Back pain caused by fractured or collapsed vertebra Stooped posture Loss of height overtime

6. Epidemiology Osteoporosis affects men and women of all races. Especially in white and Asian women are at a higher risk due to menopause Affecting women over the age of 50 and men over age of 70 Petites, and thin women are at a greater risk of developing this disease Caucasians and Asians are at increased risk of developing osteoporosis. African Americans have more dense bones than whites. Hip fractures occur about twice as frequently in white women as compared to black women.

7. Goals of osteoporosis treatments are to: Control pain from the disease Slow down or stop bone loss Prevent bone fracture with medicines that strengthen bone Minimize the risk of falls that might cause fractures

9. Lifestyle and Dietary Changes Regular exercise reduced the likelihood of bone fractures Weight bearing exercises that makes you work against gravity while staying upright. Such as walking, jogging, dancing Resistant exercise – free weights weight Nonimpact activities such as balance, functional, and posture exercises also may benefit people with osteoporosis. Although these exercises don't build or maintain bone density, they may increase muscle strength and decrease the risk of falls and fractures. How to stop unhealthy habits Quit smoking Limit alcohol intake

10. Dietary Changes At least 1,200 mg per day of calcium 800-1000 international units of vitamin D Vitamin D aids in absorption of calcium A diet that provides proper amounts of calcium, vitamin D, and protein Will not stop bone loss, but supplies the body with materials to form and maintain bones

11. Dietary Plan - Breakfast Day 1CalciumVit DDay 2CalciumVit DDay 3CalciumVit D Vanilla Yogurt 1-cup 419mg0Figs 2-oz 90mg0Jamba Juice smoothie Power boost (16fl-oz) 600mg240IU (1) Scrambled egg 156mg20.7IUOatmeal 1 oz 100mg0 Fortified orange juice: 125ml 185mg53IU Fortified Milk: 250mg 324mg102IU Total:760mg73.7IU514MG102IU600mg240IU

12. Dietary Plan - Lunch Day 1Calciu m Vit DDay 2CalciumVit DDay 3CalciumVit D Salmon, cooked: 75g 196mg247UI Tuna, bluefin, cooked: 75g 208mg690UI Salmon, sockeye, canned: 75g 184mg585UI White Beans: 175ml 119mg Tofu made w/calcium sulfates: 150g 347mg Broccoli Cooked: 125mg 85mg Fortified orange juice: 125ml 185mg53UI Fortified Milk: 250mg 324mg102UI Fortifie d Milk: 250mg 324mg102UI Yogurt, plain: 175ml 290mg Ice Cream: 125ml 97mg Almond Butter: 2Tbsp 88mg Total:790mg300UI976mg792UI681mg687UI

13. Dietary Plan - Dinner Day 1CalciumVit DDay 2CalciumVit DDay 3CalciumVit D Salmon, sockeye, canned: 75g 184mg585UI Tuna, bluefin, cooked: 75g 208mg690UI 16-oz spinach 60mg- Kale 8-oz 90mgCollard greens ½ cup 266mg Salmon, sockeye, canned: 75g 184mg585UI Papaya 16-oz 91mg Broccoli Cooked: 125mg 85mg Fortified orange juice: 125ml 185mg53UI Fortified orange juice: 125ml 185mg53UI Fortified Milk: 250mg 324mg102UI Soft serve chocolate ice cream 8-oz 84mg22.9IU Total:550oz638883 mg792IU513mg660.9IU

14. Questions: Which mineral deficiency leads to Osteoporosis? a)Vitamin D b)Iron c)Calcium d)Potassium

15. Questions: Women over the age of_____ and men over the age of _____ are most susceptible to Osteoporosis.

16. Questions: True or False Weight bearing exercises has no benefit to preventing Osteoporosis?

17. Finally… Any symptoms of Osteoporosis please call your health care provider Greatly affects the elderly Caused primarily of calcium deficiency