1. Connor Edmonds, Mike Feula, Mike Kappaz
COAL #3
Connor Edmonds, Mike Feula,
Mike Kappaz

2. Peat First step of coal formation
Not considered a “type” since use is so limited
60% Organic material
Ferns, vegetation from bogs, etc
High water content
Due to environment
Limited heat content
Less energy contained
Max Burial Depth 1000ft, 75

3. Lignite Makes up half of coal reserves
Formed as peat undergoes pressure and temperature increases
Higher heat content than Peat, but not high
Moisture content as high as 66%
Average energy content MJ/kg
Carbon Content 25-35%
Max Burial depth ft, ͦ° F

4. Bituminous Formed as more temperature and pressure applied to Lignite
Higher carbon percentage 60-80%
Higher heat content MJ/kg
Requires high safety regulations for mining
Releases largest amount of firedamp
Dangerous gas mixture-explosive
Smithing Coal- Coal forge
Cannel Coal- Sculpture/jewelry
Coking Coal-heated without oxygen
Used in the manufacture of steel
Max Burial Depth-5,000-19,000 ft, ° F

5. Anthracite Metamorphic rock-highest grade- 1% of reserves
Formed by bituminous subjected to great pressure
Highest carbon content %
Heat Content MJ/kg
Does not ignite easily- less soot
Costs 2-3x as much as normal coal
Max Burial Depth 20,000-25,000 ft, 350+° F

6. Coal Mining Globally
Although China is largest producer and consumer of Coal, USA holds the largest recoverable coal reserves

7. Coal Mining in the USA
The states with the largest recoverable coal reserves are Wyoming, West Virginia, Illinois, Montana
The largest single mine in the United States is the North Antolope Rachelle of Wyoming

8. Underground vs. Surface Mining
Western states are producing short tons of coal (up 1.1% from 2009)
Interior states produced short tons (up 7.4%)
Appalachian states produced short tons (down 2.1%)

9. Types of Coal Transportation

10. Coal Transportation Costs
Railroad - $20.30 per ton
Waterway - $5.61 per ton
Truck - $5.99 per ton
However when you look at overall delivered cost of Coal.
Railroad - $47.37 per ton
Waterway - $58.57 per ton
Truck - $50.80 per ton
This is because the many added costs and fees of trucks and boats. As well as needing secondary and tertiary transport methods when using them.

11. Coal Slurry
Coal Transport by slurry with in a pipeline makes up a very small portion of the transport market, however it is an intriguing idea.
In pipeline movement of coal it is mixed with water and made into a slushy type mixture which is then pushed through a pressurized pipeline to its destination.
Upon reaching the destination the water is filtered out and the coal has to be refined to a more dense and useful state.

12. Coal Trade The Top 5 Exporters are: The Top 5 Importers are:
Indonesia
Austrailia
Russia
USA
Colombia
The Top 5 Importers are:
China
Japan
India
South Korea
Chinese Taipei
However all trade only accounts for 16% of the worlds coal because 84% is used in the same country that it is mined.