1. 1 Ground-based monitoring plans NAFE workshop Melbourne, 10 February 2005

2. 2 General Goulburn Catchment Campaign Nov. 2005 Murrumbidgee Catchment Campaign Nov. 2006 Campaigns are not planned as big integrated and highly structured campaigns (such HAPEX etc.) with unified themes. Campaigns are designed to give people access to airborne monitoring and ground-based monitoring data in return for contributing to ground-based monitoring programs.

3. 3 Why link airborne and ground- based measurements? Airborne monitoring over experimental sites, contrasting sites/regions and along transects Same sites may be monitored on different days and at different times Need for close coordination between airborne and ground-based monitoring programs Ground-based observations/measurements aimed at validation of airborne observations, calibration of derived variables, or providing supplementary data

4. 4 Walker, Kalma and Kim Project title: Resolution monitoring of surface and root zone soil moisture Objectives: Development and validation of passive microwave algorithms Downscaling of low resolution passive microwave soil moisture measurements Validation of derived root-zone soil moisture from the assimilation of near-surface measurements

5. 5 Ground-based monitoring ( Walker, Kalma and Kim; example) Long-term monitoring of soil moisture profiles and associated meteorological data Extensive ground-based measurements of near-surface soil moisture and soil temperature across individual farms during airborne monitoring campaigns. Each participant would be expected to sign up for at least 2 weeks and contribute 50% of their time to soil moisture monitoring program (i.e. mornings or afternoons)

6. 6 Your monitoring requirements: Soil moisture (Jeff Walker) Irrigation and salinity (Hector Malano) Runoff etc. (Brian Finlayson; Mark Thyer) Evapotranspiration (Helen Cleugh) Carbon budgets (Greg Hancock) Forestry (Neil Sims) Vegetation dynamics (Patricia Saco) Bushfires (Ian Grant) Nutrients and water quality (Jim Wallace) Others

7. 7 What measurements will be required in your research? Intensive ground-based measurements (e.g. flux measurements)? Manual ground-based observations at specified times (e.g. biomass)? Continuous (unattended) monitoring (e.g. climate, streamflow, radiation balance)? Airborne monitoring requirements?

8. 8 Where do you want to take your ground-based measurements? Intensive measurements in selected small area? Extensive measurements over regions (catchments, farms etc.? Arrangement of transects? Sites, regions for airborne monitoring?

9. 9 When do you want to take your ground-based measurements? Temporal changes (between days?): repeated airborne monitoring Diurnal patterns (airborne monitoring throughout day?) Observations (days, hours) prior to flights Observations during flights Observations (days, hours) after flights Timing of flights

10. 10 Discussion 1 Summary/overview of desired measurements Are they all really needed?

11. 11 Discussion 2 How are we going to resource all those infrastructure demands? Minor modifications to monitoring plans Adding additional infrastructure Buying/borrowing additional equipment Planning additional manual measurements Increasing the number of staff and students participating in the campaign(s)

12. 12 Other issues Data sharing Logistics Budgets Background data Data management Actions

13. 13 Data sharing Reviewing interests and needs Data may be used by more than one user Agreement needed on site requirements Identifying common sites, regions Sharing in ground-monitoring programs Reconciling different demands (times, sites, repetition)

14. 14 Logistics Equipment requirements Ground transportation Accommodation Need for Campaign Managers? Site access; interaction with land owners Power requirements Publicity; flyers?

15. 15 Budgets Cost of flying Cost of data processing Cost of ground-based monitoring Equipment Ground-transportation Accommodation Insurance

16. 16 Background data Maps and GIS Soils Vegetation and land use Terrain (DEM) Climate and hydrology data Other (archived) satellite data (Landsat etc.)

17. 17 Data management Need for short written proposals on data requirements and how data will be used Restricted vs. unrestricted access to data Need for data manager? Data sharing and ownership; IP issues Publications; PhD students Website: extending OzNet?

18. 18 Actions Express interest in participating in campaign(s) Identify airborne and ground-based monitoring needs Write brief proposal on data interests and how data will be used Identify people taking responsibility for sub-areas Indicate availability to participate and preferred times Indicate how many people will take part (staff, students)

19. 19 Consensus?