1. Unit 8: Native Americans Chapter 9 Multicultural Law Enforcement Strategies for Peacekeeping in a Diverse Society, 4th Ed. Shusta, Levine, Wong, Olson, and Harris

2. The following slides highlight key points you should learn from chapter 9. They in no way are meant to cover all the material in each chapter. Therefore students will still need to reference the full text material for quizzes and exams.
CJ246 Unit 8 PowerPoint

3. An Indian Prayer:
Oh our Mother the earth, Oh our Father the sky, Your children are we, and with tired backs We bring you the gifts of love. Then weave for us a garment of brightness… May the fringes be the falling rain. May the border be the standing rainbow. That we may walk fittingly where birds sing… and where grass is green, Oh our mother earth, Oh our father sky.
CJ246 Unit 8 PowerPoint

4. History Native Americans existed long before Columbus in 1492.
The term “Indians” was coined by Columbus when he thought he arrived in the Indies.
Prior to Columbus, tribes never grouped themselves together as a common cultural group.
Entire tribes were killed, but the genocide is not a chapter in US history of which people like to focus.
Federal treaties have been ongoing even as early as 2000 and 2002 by Clinton and Bush respectively
For 200 years Native Americans have fought for the U.S. Military
CJ246 Unit 8 PowerPoint

5. Demographics
In 2006 there were 3.3 million self-identified Native Americans in U.S.
New York and Los Angeles have the largest population of American Indians.
Over 561 federally recognized tribes
Different tribes have varying traditions
Less than half reside on Indian Reservations full time.
CJ246 Unit 8 PowerPoint

6. Communication
Too much openness is avoided and may be seen as superficial and untrustworthy
Ability to remain quiet, still, and to observe is a virtue
Talking to fill silence is not important
Eye contact may or may not be a norm. For some, intense eye contact is seen as intrusive or hostile
Physical space and touching should be limited
Avoid the use of offensive terms like “chief, squaw, buck, redskin, brave, and skins”, even when joking.
CJ246 Unit 8 PowerPoint

7. Myths and Stereotypes They are wild, savage, and primitive.
They are all drunks
They can’t be trusted
“Indian Givers”
There are no good Indians
CJ246 Unit 8 PowerPoint

8. Values Earth is sacred and is a living entity
We are not superior. We are part of creation and nature.
Spiritual connections to the universe are part of rituals.
Respect for elders
Identity is related to the family and Tribe
May be fiercely protective of being separated from family, due to past trauma
CJ246 Unit 8 PowerPoint

9. Key Issues for Law Enforcement
Perception of police is negative, because of past experiences
Reservations are sovereign nations, which means that they are ruled by their own laws and governing body…Tribal Police and Courts
State officials must cooperate with Tribal officials. A great deal of friction can occur, especially because past treaties have been broken or ignored.
Peyote use is common and not illegal while on reservations. Peyote is considered illegal on non-tribal grounds.
Understand that there may be times when a Native American person does not feel that he/she is breaking the law, because of what they understand as falling under a treaty (i.e., gambling and fishing).
CJ246 Unit 8 PowerPoint