1. Widening the Struggle Why and how did the civil rights movement expand?

2. “Between 1960 and 1975, there was great progress in the struggle for political and social equality.” Assess the validity of this statement with respect to TWO of the following groups: African Americans Women Asian Americans Latinos Native Americans

3. New Left & Counterculture

4. A. R ise of the New Left and the counterculture The New Left Students for a Democratic Society (SDS) – Port Huron Statement Free Speech Movement – Mario Savio – “People’s Park Weathermen Counterculture – “hippie” Woodstock... and Altamont

5. University of California, Berkeley students during free speech sit in, 1964

6. Disturbances on College Campuses 1967-69

7. Anti war protesters, 1967

8. Military police guard an entrance to the Pentagon during 1967 anti-war protest

9. Anti-war demonstration at Pentagon Oct 1967

10. Antiwar Demonstrators Burn Draft Cards on the Steps of the Pentagon, May 22, 1972

11. Violence at Democratic Convention Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.

12. Hippies in their garden of grass Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.

13. Woodstock Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.

14. New Feminism Women’s Rights in the 1960s & 1970s

15. B.Women’s Movement New Feminism Women’s liberation Betty Friedan – The Feminine Mystique National Organization for Women (NOW) Griswald v. Connecticut (1965) Sex ism Glass ceiling Women in the workforce

16. Equal Rights Amendment (ERA) Roe v. Wade (1973) –Birth control –abortion Sandra Day O’Conner Geraldine Ferraro

17. Struggle for the Equal Rights Amendment

18. Describe THREE of the following and analyze the ways in which each of the three has affected the status of women in American society since 1940. Wars Changing economic conditions The rebirth of an organized women’s movement Advances in reproductive technology/ Medical and/or technological advances The persistence of traditional definitions of women’s roles

19. Hispanics

20. C.Ethnic Minorities Hispanics – Cesar Chavez and Dolores Huerta United Farm Workers – Grape Boycotts – Strike – La Huelga – “Chicanos””Latinos” – La Raza Unida – Brown Berets Bilingualism “melting pot” “multiculturalism” Cesar Chavez

21. Native Americans

22. Indians –“ Termination” – American Indian Movement (AIM) - 1968 – Indian Civil Rights Act – deigned to ensure equality for American Indians, it guaranteed Indians protection under the Constitution, while recognizing the authority of tribal law.

23. Red Power Indians of All Tribes group took over and occupied Alcatraz Prison for over a year and a half in 169- 1970. Trail of Broken Treaties – 1972 march from California to D.C. with 20 point proposal that was rejected by Nixon administration.

24. Wounded Knee February 1973 – AIM protestors occupied the town of Wounded Knee on the Pine Ridge Indian Reservation in South Dakota – site of 1890 massacre of American Indians by U.S. military. –Called for changes in governing of reservations –Demanded the U.S. government honor the treaties it had signed over the years. –After 70 days, FBI stormed the site, killing 2 and injuring others.

25. Longest Walk 1978 – five month protest walk that started in San Francisco and ended in D.C. Its purpose was to bring attention to the many times American Indians had been forced off of their lands. While AIM and others failed to bring dramatic improvements to the lives of most American Indians, it did bring national attention to Indian rights and helped to promote some reforms.

26. 1975 Indian Self-Determination and Education Assistance Act – provided more federal money for Indian education and place more American Indians in jobs at the Bureau of Indian Affairs and gave Indians more control over reservations. 1971 Alaska Native Land Claims Settlement Act – turned 40 million acres over to Indians. 1980 – Penobscot and Passamaquoddy Indians in Maine awarded $81.5 million for giving up claims to land.

27. Asian Americans

28. Yellow Power As migrant workers, worked with Latinos to found the United Farm Workers. Immigration Act of 1965 removed the quota limits on Asian immigration (Chinese Exclusion Act 1880). “model minority” Asian student movement of the 1960s were successful in adding Asian studies to universities.

29. Internment Reparations Japanese American Citizens League began in 1978 to pursue compensation for the suffering by Japanese Americans in the internment camps of WWII. 1988 – Congress officially apologized and authorized a payment of $20,000 to each survivor.

30. Disabled Americans

31. Ed Roberts changed the way many Americans viewed people with disabilities. 1973 – Congress passed the Rehabilitation Act granted anyone with a disability the same access to federally funded programs. 1975 – Education for All Handicapped Children –Least restrictive environment –Mainstreamed 1990 Americans with Disabilities Act – called for better public access – signs, ramps, parking, etc.

32. Gay Americans

33. Late 1950s -1960s – Gay activists began to protest harassment and unfair hiring practices. Independence Hall, Philadelphia, – First major gay rights protests on the Fourth of July. Stonewall riots – June 27, 1969 – New York police raid a gay bar in Greenwich Village and fights break out. March 1973 – Parents and Friends of Lesbians and Gays (PFLAG) formed 1977 – Harvey Milk, the first openly gay candidate elected to the board of supervisors in San Francisco.

34. Gray Panthers

35. 1958 American Association of Retired Persons formed to help get retirees health insurance. 1972 Maggie Kuhn and fellow retirees formed the Gray Panthers. –Spoke against unfair treatment of older Americans. 1965 Government establishes Medicare. Age Discrimination in Employment Act of 1967 – made it illegal for employers to use age as a factor in hiring or promotion. 1968 – Gray Panthers persuaded Congress to push back mandatory retirement age from 65-70.