1. List five simple machines that you or someone in your family uses to help make work easier around the house.

2. Objectives
Differentiate between the six simple machines. (SPI )
Determine the amount of force needed to do work using different simple machines. (SPI )

3. 2-Square Vocabulary
Complete the 2-square vocabulary activity in your scientist notebook with your group. Do the “yours” side for the 12 bell work words/phrases.
Complete the scenarios with your group. Write the explanations on your next blank page in your scientist notebook.
When you are finished, raise your hands and I will check your work.
Work hard, smart, and QUICKLY!!!

4. Machine YOURS: textbook:
A machine is a device that makes work easier by changing the size or direction of a force.
Examples: wheelchair, scissors, chopsticks

5. Simple Machines YOURS: textbook:
A machine or simple device without moving parts.
Examples: lever, pulley, wheel & axle, inclined plane, wedge, screw

6. Work
YOURS:
textbook:
Work is the transfer of energy to an object by using a force that causes the object to move in the direction of the force.
Work is done on an object if two things happen: 1) the object moves as a force is applied, 2) the direction of the object’s motion is the same as the direction of the force.
Examples: pushing a ball up a hill

7. Work or Not Work? or OR
YES NO
YES NO

8. Force YOURS: textbook:
A push or a pull exerted on an object in order to change the motion of the object; force has size and direction.
Examples: people, bulldozer, static electricity

9. Work Input/Work Output
YOURS:
textbook:
Work input is the work done on the machine.
Work output is the work done by the machine.
Examples: opening a paint can

10. Lever YOURS: textbook:
A lever is a simple machine that has a bar that pivots at a fixed point, called a fulcrum.
Examples: first-class lever (see saw), second-class lever (wheelbarrow or soda bottle opener), third-class lever (lifting weights or hammering a nail)

11. Three Classes of Levers
First-Class Lever
Second-Class Lever
Third-Class Lever
Elementary School
Middle School
High School

12. Levers
Which of the following correctly explains why one of the above levers can lift the object with less effort force?
Lever X will require less effort force because its fulcrum is closer to the object than lever Y's fulcrum.
Lever Y is a third-class lever and will require less effort force than lever X, which is a second-class lever.
Lever X is a third-class lever and will require less effort force than lever Y, which is a second-class lever.
Lever Y will require less effort force because its fulcrum is closer to the input force than lever X's fulcrum.

13. Pulley YOURS: textbook:
A simple machine that has a grooved wheel that holds a rope or a cable.
Examples: fixed, moveable, block and tackle

14. Movable pulleys do increase force, but they also increase the distance over which the input force must be exerted.
A fixed pulley and a movable pulley are used together; the mechanical advantage of a block and tackle depends on the number of rope segments.
The pulley changes the direction of the force. Elevators make use of fixed pulleys.

15. Pulleys
Which of the pulley systems shown below will lift the weight using the least amount of effort force?

16. Wheel & Axle YOURS: textbook:
A simple machine consisting of two circular objects of different sizes.
Examples: car’s wheel & axle, faucet

17. Wheel & Axle
Effort force applied to a wheel is ____________ when it is transferred to the axle because the axle travels a ___________ distance than the wheel.
multiplied, longer
divided, longer
multiplied, shorter
divided, shorter

18. Inclined Plane YOURS: textbook:
A simple machine that is a straight, slanted surface; a ramp.
Examples: ramp or slide

19. Inclined Plane
Tom wants to put a heavy box into the back of a moving truck. He is not strong enough to lift the box into the truck, so he uses a ramp to slide it up instead.
The ramp is as an inclined plane that
increases both the force needed to move the box and the distance over which the force is applied.
increases the force needed to move the box while decreasing the distance over which the force is applied.
decreases both the force needed to move the box and the distance over which the force is applied.
decreases the force needed to move the box while increasing the distance over which the force is applied.

20. Wedge YOURS: textbook:
A simple machine that is made up of two inclined planes and that moves; often used for cutting.
Examples: knife, axe, door stop

21. Wedge
Select the choice that best completes the following sentence. When an axe is used to chop wood,
the axe blade acts as a wedge and changes the direction of the input force.
the axe blade acts as a wedge and does not change the direction of the input force.
the axe blade acts as a lever and does not change the direction of the input force.
the axe blade acts as a lever and changes the direction of the input force.

22. Screw YOURS: textbook:
A simple machine that consists of an inclined plane wrapped around a cylinder.
Examples: screw, light bulb

23. Screws
Which of the screws below requires the least amount of effort force to turn? W. X. Y. Z.

24. Compound Machine YOURS: textbook:
A machine made up of more than one simple machine.
Examples: manual can opener

25. Mechanical Advantage YOURS: textbook:
A machine’s mechanical advantage is the number of times the machine multiplies force; how much easier it is to do the work using that specific machine.
Examples:
It is 10 times easier to use a ramp to move a heavy object.

26. Write the question & answer.

29. SCENARIOS

30. Edheads
Fill out the chart as we go through the Simple Machines activity on the Edheads website.

31. 3 simple machines and their functions
3-2-1 Reflection
3 simple machines and their functions
2 differences between simple and compound machines
1 word problem to use with the formula W=F x d