1. "Ecological Footprint" Sustainability Net Primary Productivity 20 – 31% 60% of freshwater runoff Anthropocene era

2. Influence of Humans on Terrestrial Systems ≅ 83%

3. Impact in Different Countries

4. Overharvest

5. Exploitation and Potential Over- exploitation: Fisheries as an Example

6. Habitat Loss

7. Worldwide Human Footprint

8. Environmental Trends

9. Benefits and Costs of "Subduing the Earth"

10. Reasons for Hope?

11. Kuznets Curve

12. Demographic Transition r = b - d

14. The Religious, Philosophical and Ethical Underpinnings of the Conservation Biology Movement Conservation biology is a "value-laden" science.

15. The Utility of Nature: Anthropocentrism vs. Intrinsic Value Utilitarian or instrumental values vs. Intrinsic or Inherent values Anthropocentric vs. Bio- or Eco-centric?

16. Instrumental Arguments for Biodiversity

17. Monetizing Biodiversity What is monetization? What are monetized cost/benefit analyses? What are the advantages and problems with cost/benefit analyses?

18. Biocentrism What weaknesses in other motivations for conservation does biocentrism attempt to address? What is sentience?

19. Ecocentrism and the Evolutionary- Ecological Land Ethic Based on the idea that natural systems should be preserved as completely as possible simply out of respect for natural systems. A central belief is that the proper function of natural biological systems requires all components normally found there in the proper proportions. “to keep every cog and wheel is he first principle of intelligent tinkering”. Aldo Leopold

20. Norton's Convergence Hypothesis Is anthropocentric good enough? Does intrinsic divide when both or just anthropocentric are/is sufficient to conserve biodiversity?

21. The Conflict Between Instrumental and Intrinsic Valuation -- An Answer to Norton