1. Coronel Institute AmCOGG Review A tool for distinguishing gender research from gender difference research- examples from work-related health Author: A. Hammarström By Prof. Dr. Monique H.W. Frings-Dresen, PhD Full Professor Coronel Institute of Occupational Health Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam The Netherlands E-mail: m.frings@amc.uva.nl

2. Coronel Institute AmCOGG Comment: Topic sex/gender differences in occupational health is relevant since: – high prevalence of work-related diseases like MSD, mental disorders, dermal and toxicology diseases

3. Coronel Institute AmCOGG Prevalence of musculoskeletal diseases: (Paoli et al., 2001) Upper extremity diseases: –The Netherlands: 23,4%; other European countries: 22,8% Low back –The Netherlands: 25,5%; other European countries: 33,2% Lower extremity diseases: –The Netherlands: 6,4%; other European countries: 11,5%

4. Coronel Institute AmCOGG Examples of jobs with work-related health problems

5. Coronel Institute AmCOGG Risk factors for Musculoskeletal upper extremity diseases Physical: –Posture –Repetitive movement –Vibration –Force Non-physical: –Too little recovery time –High psychological demands –Low social support

6. Coronel Institute AmCOGG Adjusting working heights in construction work for scaffolders

7. Coronel Institute AmCOGG Conclusion: Focus on occupational health and medicine is relevant Sex/gender topics in occupational health are (until now) scarce

8. Coronel Institute AmCOGG Review Hammarström Three aims: –1. identify possible problems and/or challenges with regard to the concepts of sex and gender in work-related health –2. to propose a tool to implement the theoretical insights –3. the tool will be used to distinguish gender research from gender or sex difference research

9. Coronel Institute AmCOGG Comments Methods used in relation to the aims are not clear and transparent described Relevance and relation with work-related health? Unemployment and the number of articles related to unemployment are used as outcome measure and not the work-related health problem itself (a choice, but why?)

10. Coronel Institute AmCOGG Comments The criteria for the proposed tool are not transparent –Based on evidence? The relevance of the tool –Users: researchers? Other professionals The impact of the tool in relation to work- related health and sex/gender differences Implementation of the tool?

11. Coronel Institute AmCOGG Implementation of the ‘Back-Happy Tap-stand’

12. Coronel Institute AmCOGG In conclusion Focus on sex/gender research within occupational health and medicine is relevant Manuscript is not (yet) transparent and well structured in relation to the aims The relevance and impact of the tool is not clear in relation to sex/gender research and work- related health

13. Coronel Institute AmCOGG Thank you for your attention