1. Intensification of maize-legume based systems in the semi-arid areas of Tanzania to increase farm productivity and improve farming natural resource base Kimaro, A, Swai, E., Ganga Rao, NVRP and Okori, P

2. Project Site Kiteto district is found in the Manyara region with an estimated population of 152,757 Kongwa District is found in Dodoma Region. We are working in Mlali ward with a population of about 28,000 people

3. Partners CGs-ICRISAT, ICRAF, IITA, NARS-ARI Hombolo, Naliendele, Salien PRC & SUA Develop and or validate technologies Frontline development agencies Nafaka (production and productivity) Tuboreshe Chakula (nutrition outcomes) Government department Extension

4. Challenges to increased production/productivity 1. Fragile farming environments Erosion prone farms Degraded land scapes Low soils fertility 2. Degradative farming (crop/livestock) pracices Overgrazing Limited integration 3. Low production potential varieties grown 4. Local demand for legumes (consumption) is low Context of the Interventions

5. The Opportunities 1.Access to markets (Kibaigwa) local and outside of the region 2.Under good management potential for high production 3.Livestock is available (poultry, livestock) for food and manure 4.Contribute to nutrition and crop productivity outcomes (leaverage other FTF programes TUBoreshe Chakula, NaFaka) 5.Management and yield enhancing technlogies exist Context of the Interventions PM Mizengo Pinda

6. Africa RISING Principles 1.Research designed to test hypotheses that are linked to outputs and developmental outcomes identified by the Africa RISING programme. 2.Problem-focused and demand driven research activities influenced by market demand, evolving policy environments, and changing social structures the needs of farmers. 3.Ensuring that research outputs are targeted effectively to development needs and are feasible for target farm households to implement. 4.Implemented at several levels with – Core research outputs that are likely to be common across the programme; – Diverse research activities as guided by the individual projects; – Flexible methods and tools to fit individual research activities and the context. 5.Scaling will be at a pilot level and beyond through the development of investment plans with development agencies. Problem identification and targeting Participatory technology evaluation Adaptation Scaling up and or out.

7. Project Theory of Change Sphere of influence Sphere of interest Novel & multidisciplinary approaches used to improve agricultural innovation Strengthened M&E and learning in place for team Team operations is at optimum and well supported High quality staff motivated to work for project success Preconditions among project partners Output 1 Introduce, & evaluate improved varieties of maize and grain legumes Output 1 Introduce, & evaluate improved varieties of maize and grain legumes Output 2 Deploy ISFT to improve plant nutrition, yields and agro-ecosystem resilience Output 2 Deploy ISFT to improve plant nutrition, yields and agro-ecosystem resilience Output 3 Validate & promote land management options for sustainable intensification Output 3 Validate & promote land management options for sustainable intensification Output 4 Post-harvest processing utilization and food safety improved nutrition outcomes Output 4 Post-harvest processing utilization and food safety improved nutrition outcomes Project outputs Smallholder farm households especially women and children move out of poverty, food and nutritional insecurity while maintaining and/or improving ecosystem stability ICRISAT Impact Government policy is supportive of investments in agriculture Opportunities for improved access to seed and innovations support intensification Existing land tenure systems allows for farm to landscape level interventions Farmer organisations are functional & supportive of the project Preconditions amongst in action site Outcome 1 Increased crop yields in maize-legume farming systems by up to 100% for cereals and 80% for legumes. Outcome 1 Increased crop yields in maize-legume farming systems by up to 100% for cereals and 80% for legumes. Outcome 2 Improved land productivity in robust agro-ecologies and productive farming and crop systems Outcome 2 Improved land productivity in robust agro-ecologies and productive farming and crop systems Africa Rising outcomes Outputs and activities Outcomes Impacts Sphere of influence

8. The Partners Agriculture development environment NARES, IARCs and institutions Farmers and their organizations Including policy institutions, infrastructure, human and natural resources R&D stakeholders, and their communities including NGOs Ultimate beneficiaries, the farmers

9. Intensification Model 1. High yielding and nutrient rich crop varieties 2. ISFM land & water management Increased productivity 3. Improved crop management Improved agricultural productivity and nutrition outcomes

10. Experimental approach RO1 to inform investment options (Alt: Experiment with options to underpin scaling up and out). Increased productivity (new varieties- at scale), land use for livestock and poultry Increase land productivity (nutrient use, decrease degradation) Address house nutrition and food security Scaling up and out Experimenta tion Scaling-up Validation Increasing resilience and productivity Year 1 Year 2 Year 3Year 4

11. Summary of Progress Benchmarking: – Identifying options for piloting and up-scaling into our intensification model are being done. New varieties, Seed systems for up-and out-scaling Investigations into production environments Strategic partnership: All direct implementers (contracted partners), and associate partners (critical partners non contractual partners) as well as community leadership are on board.

12. WP 1: On-farm evaluation of improved legume & cereals varieties Work Package Deliverables WP 11.Adaptability of new materials Yield performance & PVS 2.Technology dissemination Community based seed production systems Groundnuts QDS Pigeon Pea QDS Maize –especially QPM (OPV & Hybrids) Knowledge dissemination Testing and using most appropriate media 3.Integrating cereals and legumes in production systems Evaluating suitability for intercrop, cover crop Intercrop Kogwa & PVS at Moleti Kiteto

13. WP 2: Integrated soil fertility management Work Package Deliverables WP 2 Major limiting soil nutrients for crop production identified Improved in-organic fertilizer usage by farmers Strategies for use of intercropping to improve soils fertility and yield of introduced varieties developed Cost benefits analysis for various soil nutrient replenishment

14. WP 3: Land and water management (soil and water conservation) Work Package Deliverables WP 3 Best bet soil water conservation and erosion control technologies validated for up-scaling. Strategies to improve soils and water management developed. Cost benefits for soils and water management done Farmers examine a maize crop produced under improved managed

15. WP 4: Post harvest processing, utilization and nutrition and safety Work Packag e Deliverables WP 4 Competitiveness of Pigeon pea as alternative protein crop studied. Aflatoxin on maize Groundnuts, Pigeon pea, Bean bambara nuts & sorghum studied. Awareness raising among partner on aflatoxin Profile value chain for contamination points

16. WP 4: Post harvest processing, utilization and nutrition and safety Work PackageIssues for improvement WP 4Activities year 2 1.Develop diagnostic platform at ARI Hombolo for the target area. (working with Selian RI) 2.Build capacity of ARI Hombolo and Selian to ID aflatoxins 3.Promotional activities for diagnostic platforms 4.Validate efficiency of techniques together with TFDA

17. WP 5: Crop-livestock & poultry integration for productivity enhancement Work PackageIssues for improvement WP 5Activities year 1 1.R&D to support adequate supply of quality feeds Characterize existing species (Year 1) Propagation studies for best bet species (Year 2&3) Studies on management option for semi arid areas (Year 3) 1.R&D to support improvement in management of stock and minimize land degradation

18. Work PackageIssues for improvement WP 5Activities year 1 2. R&D to support improvement in management of stock and minimize land degradation Characterize current management systems & links to degradation & feeds supply Determine suitable livestock management systems for land degradation Links to WP 2 and 3 Carrying capacity of land Build capacity to manage best bet tech for poultry Recycling poultry to fertility WP 5: Crop-livestock & poultry integration for productivity enhancement

19. Work PackageIssues for improvement WP 6Activities year 1 1.Baseline report highlight soil conditions and major constraints to SI in targeted areas 1.Initial site condition of field sites targeted for on-farm trials evaluated and documented for M&E and impacts assessments WP 6: Characterization of sites

20. Lessons learnt R4D innovation platform: – Convergence & complementarity: Complement of partners is fluid. Convergence of thrusts takes time and largely influence by extraneous factors – Benchmanks are critical: R&D investment typologies are needed to implementation. (Helps to isolate Research from development issues) – Partnerships. Intensification involves complex institutional and operational relationships. Limited understanding of what works and does not is critical for scaling up and design of appropriate interventions. – Champions for change: Champions at community level are essential. This may compound design of evaluations because such people are usually targeted by others

21. Thank you! ICRISAT is a member of the CGIAR Consortium