1. Research on Sustainable Intensification in the CGIAR Research Programs

2. Sustainable Intensification Food, energy, water and material resources are being driven towards critical thresholds Key factors: –continued population growth –changing consumption patterns –impacts of climate change and environmental degradation Sustainable intensification –Increased productivity –Reduced negative impact on the environment –Increased contribution to natural capital & environmental services –Approaches should consider the trade-offs, local complexities; & the social, economic and political perspectives

3. Sustainable Intensification Conceptual Frameworks: Benchmark area approach Integrated Natural Resources Management (INRM) approach Agro-ecological Intensification (AEI) Ref: CN on SI of maize-legume-livestock integrated farming systems in ESA

4. Sustainable Intensification Examples: 40 cases of projects in 20 countries in Africa Commissioned by the UK Gov’t Office of Science Foresight project on Global Food and Farming Futures [Ref: Pretty, Toulmin, & Williams (Eds.). Sustainable intensification: increasing productivity in African food and agricultural systems. Int. J. Agric. Sustainability 9 (1) 2011] Lessons –Science and farmer inputs into technologies & practices –Novel social infrastructure that builds trust –Improvement of farmer knowledge and capacity –Engagement with the private sector for goods and services –Focus on women’s educational, microfinance, & ag. tech. needs –Ensuring availability of microfinance and rural banking –Ensuring public sector support for agriculture

5. CGIAR Vision and System Level Outcomes Vision: To reduce poverty and hunger, improve human health and nutrition, and enhance ecosystem resilience through high-quality international agricultural research, partnership and leadership Outcomes: reducing rural poverty improving food security improving nutrition and health sustainable management of natural resources

6. CGIAR Research Programs (CRPs) The change process will see the operations of the CGIAR implemented through a number Research Programs (CRPs). The CRPs are the main mechanism by which the CGIAR will achieve the greater alignment of research outputs with the four System Level Outcomes These are aimed to better coordinate R4D efforts, enhance efficiencies, and encourage cooperation and collaboration with a focus on effective partnerships to achieve more development impacts.

7. CGIAR Research Programs CodeTitleLead Center 1.1Integrated production systems in dry areasICARDA 1.2Integrated systems for the humid tropicsIITA 1.3Aquatic agricultural systemsWorldFish 2Policies, institutions and marketsIFPRI 3.1WheatCIMMYT 3.2MaizeCIMMYT 3.3GRiSP – A global rice science partnershipIRRI 3.4Roots, tubers and bananasCIP 3.5Grain legumesICRISAT 3.6Dryland cerealsICRISAT 3.7Meat, milk and fishILRI 4Agriculture for nutrition and healthIFPRI 5Water, land and ecosystemsIWMI 6Forests, trees and agroforestryCIFOR 7Climate change, agriculture, food securityCIAT

8. CGIAR System on-going Reforms Food security, Poverty, Natural Resources, Under-nutrition Impact by 2025 Increase yield 60% Increase yield 60% Sustain annual growth 0.5 % Sustain annual growth 0.5 % R educe poverty 15 % R educe poverty 15 %

9. Policies & Markets CRP 2 Production systems CRP 1.2 Humidtropics Domain Markets NRM integrity CRP 1.1 Dryland systems CRP 1.3 Aquatic systems CRP 3: Sustainable Production Systems Cereals Grain legumes Roots, Tubers, & Bananas Assessment of new crop varieties, best management technologies & livestock integration Nutrition & Health CRP 4 Water & Land CRP 5 Forests & Trees CRP 6 Climate Change CRP 7 value addition Integrated Soil Fertility Management forest margins carbon dynamics policy support Livestock Wet DryRainfall Gradient

10. Humidtropics: Integrated Systems for the Humid Tropics The first of the four specific objectives is to: Develop an integrated research program on sustainable intensification of rainfed smallholder farming systems in the humid and sub-humid tropics. The program structure is built around the ff. complementary Strategic Themes: Systems Analysis and Synthesis Integrated Systems Improvement Scaling and Institutional Innovations

11. Humidtropics Program Structure

12. Western humid lowlands Central humid lowlands Western moist savannas Southern humid lowlands Southern moist savannas East and Central highlands Southern moist savannas Major farming systems (% of the land area by Dixon classification): Cereal-root crop mixed (35%); Root crop (26%); Maize mixed (22%)

13. Humidtropics 6-step Model: Translating Research to Impact

14. CRP 1.2 Targets 15-year targets in the Action Areas: Increase staple food yields by 60% Increase average farm income by 50% Lift 25% of poor households above the poverty line Reduce the number of malnourished children by 30% Nutrient depletion on 40% of farms reversed to sustainable nutrient flow

15. CRP 1.1: Dryland Systems Integrated Agricultural Production Systems for the Poor and Vulnerable in Dry Areas Target Systems Areas/systems with the deepest endemic poverty and most vulnerable populations often associated with severe natural resource degradation and extreme environmental variability. Systems with the greatest potential for impact on poverty in the short to medium term

16. CRP 1.1 Strategic Research Themes SRT 1: Approaches and models for strengthening innovation systems, building stakeholder innovation capacity, and linking knowledge to policy action SRT 2: Reducing vulnerability and managing risk, leading to resilient dryland agro-ecosystems with less vulnerable and improved livelihoods of rural communities SRT 3: Sustainable intensification for more productive, profitable and diversified dryland agriculture with well- established linkages to markets SRT 4: Measuring impact and cross-regional synthesis

17. SRT1. Better functioning innovation systems 1.1 Innovation models 1.3 Policy 1.2 Partners SRT4. Targeting, characterization & impact 4.1 Future scenarios 4.3 Measuring impact 4.2 Characterization and prioritization SRT2. Reduced vulnerability & risk SRT3. Sustainable intensification 2.1 Design 2.2 Scaling out 2.3 Trade-offs 3.1 Design 3.2 Scaling out 3.3 Trade-offs Overview of CRP1.1 Strategic Research Themes (SRTs) & their Outputs

18. CRP 1.1 Benchmark Areas focusing on reducing vulnerability (SRT2 type) or on sustainable intensification (SRT3 type). Circles/ovals indicate the 5 target regions

19. CRP 1.1 Action, Satellite and Knowledge Sharing (KSS) Sites in East and Southern Africa