1. Objectives: *State the sources and effects of air pollution such as SO 2, CO 2 and CH 4 **State the sources and effects of some water pollutants ***Describe the dangers of nuclear fall-out and effects of non- biodegradable plastics on the environment Starter: What is pollution?

2. DEFINITION OF POLLUTION When Harmful Substances Contaminate the Environment it is Called Pollution. Pollution refers to the very bad condition of environment in terms of quantity and quality. Caused by human activities

3. Types of Pollution There are Five types of Pollution Air Pollution Air Pollution Water Pollution Water Pollution Noise Pollution Noise Pollution Land Pollution Land Pollution Radio Active Pollution Radio Active Pollution

4. OVER VIEW Introduction Causes Effects Prevention

5. What is Atmosphere Atmosphere is the life blanket of Earth. It is therefore essential that we know more about the atmosphere and the ways in which it is Polluted.

6. Causes of Air Pollution Major sources of Air Pollution - Industries -Automobiles and Domestic fuels -High Proportion of undesirable gases, such as sulphur dioxide and carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, methane and nitrogen oxides

7. Effects of Air Pollution Air Pollution affects??? Human health Animals Plants The atmosphere as a whole

8. Draw and fill in the table PollutantSourcesBad Effects on environment SO 2 CO & CO 2 CH 4 NO & NO 2 Sewage Industrial toxic chemical wastes like Pb, Hg and cyanide Fertlisers N & P mainly Herbicides Pesticides Solid waste ( Bio degradable and non biodegradable Plastics (non biodegradable ) Nuclear waste (alpha, beta and gamma radiation) Burning fossil fuels Cattle, rice field, coal and oil extraction Motor vehicles, fertilisers Human and livestock waste (urea, NH3, protein, carb, fats and pathogens Factories Arable agriculture Arable and livestock agriculture Domestic and industrial waste Packaging Atom bombs, nuclear test, leak at nuclear power stations Acid rain Herbicides Enhances green house effect Acid rain Reduces O 2 conOcentration in rivers causing destruction of freshwater species Bioaccumulation killing wildlife and human Eutrophication Spray drift kills harmless plants and remains in the environment and can end up in food Accumulates in food chain kills harmless species Health hazard, leakage of toxic chemicals and CH 4, buried in ground or on rubbish tips buried in ground do not decay so take up space Cancer(human), even death mutation(otherspecies), r)

9. How to Avoid Air Pollution Yes, we can avoid pollution as Follows Use natural Gases, like LPG autos Do not Burst Crackers Use less Amount of Fuel for Vehicles Avoid use of electric stoves and use bio gas

10. Water God’s Valuable Gift

11. Definition of Water Pollution The Contamination of water with undesirable substances which make it unfit for usage is termed water Pollution.

12. Causes of Water Pollution About 40% of Deaths worldwide are caused by Water Pollution. Water Pollution is Caused by organsic and inorganic industrial wastes and affluents discharged into rivers. Noise also causes anxiety stress reacation and fright.

13. Water Pollution Pictures

14. Effects of Water Pollution Diseases like Cholera Malaria Typhoid (spread during the rainy season )‏ Aquatic life gets destroyed

15. How to Avoid Water Pollution Rivers should not be used for washing clothes or bathing animals in. Harvesting of Rainwater to meet water requirements. Dams &embankments must be created. The rivers must not be contaminated. In sacred river like Ganga the dead bodies shouldn’t thrown.

16. Definition of Radio Active Pollution Despite the Advantage of nuclear as a clean energy, the big concern is the result from nuclear reaction, which produces radioactive particles and ray. Radiation will from Radio Active Pollution.

17. Causes of Radio Active Pollution Nuclear power (Chernobyl 1986) plants(Ex:Neyveli,Kalpakkam)‏ Nuclear Weapon(Ex:Missiles)‏ Disposal of Nuclear Waste Uranium Mining

18. Chernobyl released two radioactive chemicals Radioactive iodine has half life of 8 days so does not stay in the atmosphere for long but if absorbed accumulates in thyroid gland resulting in thyroid cancer Caesium has 30yrs half life so agricultural land in Belarus and Ukraine have become unusable Safe disposal of radioactive material is a problem. Radiation interferes with cell growth and division. High doses are fatal low doses cause sickness, skin burns, cancer like leukaemia, hair loss. 1945 atom bomb explosion in Hiroshima and Nagashaki may have caused inherited mutations which will come to light after several generations

19. Effects of Radio Active Pollution The Diseases include blood in cough Ulcer Swelling of bone joints Cancer Lung Cancer Skin Cancer Bone Cancer Eye Problems

20. How to Prevent of Radio Active Pollution Avoid Constructing Nuclear Power Plants Avoid Using Nuclear Weapon Have Proper Treatment for Nuclear Waste Avoid mining for Uranium to a minimal

21. NOISELESS ATMOSPHERE Noise can be simply defined as unwanted sound. Noise can be simply defined as unwanted sound. The sound is pleasant or not depends upon its loudness,duration,rhythm and the mood of the person. The sound is pleasant or not depends upon its loudness,duration,rhythm and the mood of the person. Noise pollution not only results in irritation and anger. Noise pollution not only results in irritation and anger.

22. Causes of Noise Pollution Traffic Noise Air craft Noise Noise from construction and civil engineering works. Noise from the Industries. Noise from other sources.

23. See what is this? Picture shows : Noise Pollution

24. Effects of Noise Pollution Hearing Loss High Blood Pressure Stress Sleep Disturbance Color Blindness

25. How to Avoid Noise Pollution The Government should ensure the new machines that Should be noise proof. Air ports must be away from residential area. The Sound horn symbol is to be in School Roads.

26. Prevention of Noise Pollution Pleasant Home Bhagavan Baba says “Silent is God”. We need to talk sweetly to others. Talk Less Work More. Sound affects our ears so loud noise should be avoided.

27. Definition of Land Pollution One fourth of area is covered by land is Called Land. Land is a earth which is occupied by people for shelter,occuption etc..,

28. Causes of Land Pollution We can classify major sources that lead to land following Categories Mining and quarrying Mining and quarrying Sewage waste Sewage waste Household Garbage Household Garbage Industrial Waste Industrial Waste

29. Land pollution pictures

30. Effects of Land Pollution  The Land Cannot be construct house  Man cannot be farming  Ground water will gets Affected  House hold Garbage like putting Plastics

31. Prevention of Land Pollution More and more land should be brought under farming Trees should be planted everywhere. Waste matter should be disposed immediately Avoid drilling the Land for more underground water. Avoid using more fertilizers and Pesticides.

32. References Science books www.google.com http://en.wikepedia.org/wiki/AirPollution Free foto.com