1. Wars of the Cold War: China Korea Vietnam

3. China (Civil War) - Roots 1912 - China becomes a republic under Sun Yat-sen. Dictatorship replaces the republican government Sun Yat-sen forms the Guomingdang (Nationalist) Party 1928 - Chiang Kai-shek leads the Nationalists to power

4. Chinese Civil War Chiang Kai-shek – does not improve the living conditions of the peasants. Communists – supported by peasants Mao Zedong forms Red Army to fight against the Nationalist government

5. Chinese Civil War Chiang surrounds the Red Army. The Long March – Red Army under Mao breaks free and retreats. Started with 100,000 men and ends with only 8,000 left. 1939 - Communist and Nationalist join forces to fight against Japanese invasion.

6. Chinese Civil War After WWII – Civil War continues 1949 – Mao’s Communist forces defeat Chiang’s Nationalist forces Chiang/Nationalists retreat to the island of Taiwan off the coast of China. Mao/Communists in charge of mainland China Separation of China still exists today. Continuing source of conflict.

7. Japanese territory from 1910 – 1945 Allied Powers agreed to occupy Korea until free elections could be held Korean War - Roots

8. Korean War June 1950 North Korea invaded South Korea UN responds by sending forces USSR not involved US sends 90% of the troops

9. Korean War General Douglas MacArthur forces North Korean army north of the 38 th Parallel

10. Korea - Divided 38 th Parallel

11. Korean War MacArthur advances north. Communist China sends in troops, forcing the UN (US) back to the 38 th Parallel. Stalemate – from 1951-1953 1953 – Truce is signed 5 million have died (US - 33,629)

12. Executive Order 9981 ~ Issued by President Truman, July 26, 1948 Executive Order

13. Vietnam War

14. Vietnam - Roots Under French rule, then Japanese, then French France and the Vietminh (Vietnamese Communist Party) go to war after WWII USSR backs Vietminh US backs French

15. Vietnam - Divided North (communist) vs. South (“democratic”)

16. Vietnam - Divided South Vietnam – led by Diem, an unpopular leader South Vietnamese army assassinates Diem, with the quiet approval of Kennedy (US)

17. Vietnam - Divided North Vietnam – led by communist leader Ho Chi Minh Fights to free Vietnam from French, then US – hope to establish communism with support of China / USSR

18. Vietnam – the Quagmire “I predict you will sink step by step into a bottomless quagmire.” – de Gaulle

19. Vietnam War Domino Theory 1964 – War begins 1965 – the first Ground Troops are sent 1968 – more than ½ Million US Troops

20. Vietnam War 1968 – the Tet Offensive: Viet Cong (N. Vietnam) military offensive US opposition to the war grows War will officially end in 1975, after 1 ½ year cease-fire

21. Vietnam War Losses: 2 million dead 10 million refugees 58,000 American soldiers