1. SECTION 4

2.  CHINA’S MONARCHY FELL IN 1912  DURING THE 1920s THE CHINESE NATIONALIST PARTY AND THE CHINESE COMMUNIST PART FOUGHT A BITTER CIVIL WAR  CHINESE NATIONALIST LEADER CHIANG KAI-SHEK  CHINESE COMMUNIST LEADER MAO ZEDONG (MAE TSE TUNG)

3.  DURING THE 1930s BOTH SIDES JOINED TOGETHER TO FIGHT THE JAPANESE  IN 1934, ABOUT 100,000 NATIONALIST SOLDIERS LEFT THE ARMY AND FOLLOWED MAO ON A 6000 MILE MARCH TO NORTHWEST CHINA  BECAME KNOW AS THE LONG MARCH  THE U.S. BACKED THE NATIONALISTS  IN 1949 THE COMMUNISTS DROVE THE NATIONALIST GOVERNENT TO THE ISLAND OF TAIWAN

5.  U.S. REFUSED TO RECOGNIZE THE NEW COMMUNIST GOV’T  MANY AMERICANS BLAMED THE U.S. GOV’T FOR NOT TAKING A MORE ACTIVE ROLL TO STOP THE COMMUNIST TAKE OVER OF CHINA

6.  DOUGLAS MACARTHUR HELPED CREATE A U.S. STYLE CONSTITUTION FOR JAPAN  GAVE MORE POWER TO THE JAPANESE PEOPLE WOMEN GOT THE RIGHT TO VOTE  THIS CONSTITUTION MADE IT ILLEGAL FOR JAPAN TO FIGHT IN WARS  JAPAN HAD CONTROLLED THE KOREAN PENINSULA FROM 1910-1945  ALLIES DIVIDED THE PENINSULA INTO 2 OCCUPATIONAL ZONES THE NORTH WOULD BE CONTROLLED BY THE USSR THE SOUTH WOULD BE CONTROLLED BY THE U.S.

7. 38 TH PARALLEL

8.  KOREA WAS SPLIT INTO 2 GOV’TS  DEMOCRATIC PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF NORTH KOREA RUN BY THE SOVIETS  REPUBLIC OF KOREA RUN BY THE U.S.  THE U.S. AND USSR TROOPS LEFT KOREA IN 1949  BOTH GOV’TS CLAIMED THE ENTIRE PENINSULA  JUNE 25, 1950 THE NORTH KOREAN ARMY INVADED THE SOUTH SOUTH KOREAN ARMY WAS NO MATCH

9.  THE UN SECURITY COUNCIL IMMEDIATELY ASKED FOR A CEASE FIRE  NORTH KOREANS CONTINUED THEIR ASSAULT  THE U.S. DECIDED TO TAKE ACTION

10.  JUNE 27, 1950 THE UN CALLED ON ITS MEMBERS TO SUPPORT THE SOUTH KOREANS  THE SOVIET REPRESENTATIVE WAS NOT THERE B/C THEY WERE BOYCOTTING THE UN  UN VOTED TO SUPPORT THE SOUTH  TRUMAN ORDERED THE USE OF AMERICAN FORCES TO SUPPORT THE SOUTH  SENT IN GENERAL MACARTHUR  BECAME THE COMMANDER OF UN FORCES IN SOUTH KOREA MAINLY MADE UP OF U.S. AND SOUTH KOREANS

11.  BY SEPT. THE NORTH KOREAN FORCES ADVANCED ALL THE WAY TO THE AREA AROUND PUSAN  FOUGHT FOR 6 WKS

12.  MACARTHUR DECIDED TO COME UP WITH A DARING PLAN  INVADE THE NORTH KOREANS AT A TOWN CALLED INCH’ŎN NOT FAR FROM SEOUL (CAPITOL OF SOUTH KOREA)

13.  INCH’ŎN  WAS A SURPRISE ATTACK ON SEPTEMBER 15, 1950  VERY SUCCESSFUL  DROVE THE NORTH KOREANS OUT OF SOUTH KOREA  MACARTHUR’S FORCES PUSHED INTO NORTH KOREA  CAPTURED P’YŎNGYANG (NORTH KOREAN CAPITAL)  BORDER BETWEEN NORTH KOREA AND CHINA, EVENTUALLY GOT TO THE YALU RIVER  NORTH KOREA AND CHINA

14.  CHINESE SOLDIERS HAD BEEN FIGHTING ON THE NORTH KOREAN SIDE FOR SOME TIME  NOW HUNDREDS OF THOUSANDS OF CHINESE ENTER THE WAR  THEY DROVE THE UN FORCES BACK ACROSS AND BELOW THE 38 TH PARALLEL  MACARTHUR WANTED GROUND AND AIR ATTACKS ON CHINA  TRUMAN REFUSED  MACARTHUR WROTE A LETTER TO MEMBERS OF CONGRESS TO PUSH FOR THE USE OF ATOMIC WEAPONS

15.  AS A RESULT, TRUMAN RELIEVED MACARTHUR OF HIS DUTY AS GENERAL  BY EARLY IN 1951, THE UN OFFENSIVE PUSHED THE KOREANS BACK ACROSS THE 38 TH PARALLEL

16.  THE WAR BECAME A STALEMATE BY MID 1951  WAS THE MAJOR ISSUE IN THE ELECTION OF 1952  TRUMAN DECIDED TO NOT SEEK RE-ELECTION  DEMOCRATS CHOSE  ADLAI STEVENSON  REPUBLICANS CHOSE  WAR HERO DWIGHT D. EISENHOWER  VP CANDIDATE WAS RICHARD NIXON

17.  NIXON  WAS ACCUSED OF RECEIVING ILLEGAL GIFTS FROM A NUMBER OF WEALTHY POLITICAL DONORS  WENT ON TV AND CLAIMED THAT ONE OF THE GIFTS WAS A PUPPY NAMED CHECKERS  “CHECKERS SPEECH”  IKE EASILY WON THE ELECTION

18.  BEFORE IKE TOOK OFFICE, HE MADE A TRIP TO KOREA  DECEMBER OF 1952  STALIN DIES IN 1953  BOTH USSR AND U.S. WANTED THE WAR TO END  JULY 27, 1953 THE WAR ENDED  SIGNED A CEASE FIRE  EVEN AFTER THE WAR WAS FOUGHT, THE BOUNDARY BETWEEN NORTH AND SOUTH KOREA REMAINED ABOUT THE SAME AS IT WAS BEFORE THE WAR

19.  WAR STATS  SOUTH KOREAN CASUALTIES 845,000  U.S. CASUALTIES 155,000  NORTH KOREAN AND CHINESE CASUALTIES 1.5 MILLION  ABOUT 3 MILLION CIVILIANS WERE KILLED  TODAY THE TWO COUNTRIES ARE STILL SEPARATED BY THE DEMILITARIZED ZONE THAT WAS CREATED IN 1953  IT IS THE MOST HEAVILY GUARDED BORDER IN THE WORLD TODAY