1. Blood components review What type of cell do you have the most of in your blood? What is the function of platelets? What 2 gases do RBCs carry? The decreased oxygen carrying capacity of erythrocytes is called _____.

3. Parent Alleles ABO A AA (A) AB (AB) AO (A) B AB (AB) BB (B) BO (B) O AO (A) BO (B) OO (O)

4. Population groupOABABRh+ European-American454011485 African-American492720495 Korean-American32283010100 Japanese-American31382110100 Chinese-American4227256100 Native American791641100

5. Blood types Inherited Proteins on surface of erythrocytes – antigens (agglutinogens) Blood type is determined based on presence of antigens ABO and Rh

6. ABO blood groups Antigen A and antigen B O IS THE ABSENCE OF ANTIGENS Antibodies are the opposite (located in plasma) –EX: type A blood has type A antigen and antibodies for B (anti-B antibodies) –Type AB blood has type A and type B antigens and antibodies against neither

7. You have antibodies for any antigens that your RBCs lack You do NOT have antibodies that react with antigens of your own RBCs Antibodies are too large to cross the placenta antibodies

10. TRANSFUSIONS The transfer of whole blood or blood components Blood is the most easily shared tissue

11. Transfusion reactions Antibodies of recipient bind to antigens of donor = agglutination, RBCs rupture (leaky plasma membrane) and hemoglobin leaks out and can clog filtration membranes of kidneys leading to kidney failure

12. Rh blood groups Another type of antigen Either Rh+ (have antigen) or Rh _ (don’t have it) Do not develop antibodies automatically; need exposure first. 1 st exposure = no transfusion reaction

13. Hemolytic disease of the newborn (erythroblastosis fetalis) Rh+ fetus blood leaks into mother’s circulation, the mother develops anti-Rh antibodies (if she is Rh--). If mother is pregnant again, her anti-Rh antibodies can cross placenta into the fetal blood. If the 2 nd fetus is Rh+, there will be an antigen-antibody reaction. Prevention: all Rh- mothers receive RhoGAM injection soon after delivery to prevent her forming antibodies