1. Body Parts
An Organ System Overview

2. Levels of Structural Organization
Molecular
The Human body is the sum of its parts and these parts can be studied at a variety of levels of organization.
Atoms are the simplest level, they combine to form molecules
Macromolecules are large biologically important molecules
Macromolecules come together and form organelle that are used to carry out a specific function of the cell
Cells are the basic living unit
Tissues consists of similar types of cells, layers or masses that have common functions
Organs are made up of different types of tissues
Organ systems consist of different organs that work together closely, this is the most complex level of organism in the human body
Human organisms are made up of many organ systems

3. Body Covering - The skin you’re in!
Integumentary
Forms the external body covering
Protects deeper tissue from injury
Synthesizes vitamin D
Location of cutaneous nerve receptors
Body covering includes skin, hair, nails, sweat glands and sebaceous glands (hair follicles).
Function include protection of underlying tissues, sensing changes outside the body, help regulate the body’s temperature, and synthesizing various substances 3

4. Support and Movement – dem Bones!
Skeletal
Protects and supports body organs
Provides muscle attachment for movement
Site of blood cell formation
Stores minerals
Skeletal system is made up of bones, cartilage and ligaments. It provides support, protection and attachments for muscles. It is a framework of support. It stores inorganic salts and houses blood-forming tissues. 4

5. Support and Movement – feel the groove! Muscular Allows locomotion
Maintains posture
Produces heat
Muscular system consists of the muscles that provide body movement, posture and body heat 5

6. Integration and Coordination
Nervous
Fast-acting control system
Responds to internal and external change
Activates muscles and glands
Nervous system consists of the brain, spinal cord, nerves and sense organs. It takes the input from the sensory receptors and sends motor impulses to muscles and glands. 6

7. Integration and Coordination
Endocrine
Secretes regulatory hormones
Growth
Reproduction
Metabolism
Includes all of the glands that secrete hormones. These help regulate metabolic functions. 7

8. Transport – the super Highways!
Cardiovascular
Transports materials in body via blood pumped by heart
Oxygen
Carbon dioxide
Nutrients
Wastes
Includes the heart and blood vessels. It distributes oxygen, nutrients and hormones throughout the body while removing wastes.
In which body cavity is the heart found? Thoracic. 8

9. Transport - the super highways!
Lymphatic
Returns fluids to blood vessels
Disposes of debris
Involved in immunity
Consists of lymphatic vessels, lymph fluid, lymph nodes, thymus gland, and spleen. It drains excess tissue fluid and defends the body against disease causing agents. 9

10. Absorption and Excretion
Digestive
Breaks down food
Allows for nutrient absorption into blood
Eliminates indigestible material
The digestive system made up of the mouth, tongue, teeth, salivary glands, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, liver, gallbladder, pancreas, small and large intestines. It breaks food down into usable molecules and gets rid of waste.
What is the name of the membrane that surrounds these organs? – visceral peritoneum 10

11. Absorption and Excretion
Respiratory
Keeps blood supplied with oxygen
Removes carbon dioxide
The respiratory system exchanges gases between the blood and air and is made up of the nasal cavity, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, and lungs.
In which two body planes are the lungs found? – the left and right Sagittal planes or the anterior transverse plane 11

12. Absorption and Excretion
Urinary
Eliminates nitrogenous wastes
Maintains acid – base balance
Regulation of materials
Water
Electrolytes
The urinary system consists of the kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder and urethra. It filters wastes from the blood and helps to maintain water, acid-base and electrolyte balance 12

13. Reproduction Reproductive Production of offspring
Male reproductive system consists of the testes, accessory organs and the vessels that conduct sperm to the penis it’s job is to produce and transport sperm cells.
Female reproductive system consists of ovaries, fallopian tubes, uterus, vagina and external genitalia. The female reproductive system job is to produce and transport egg cells and also houses the developing offspring. 13

14. Characteristics of Life
Traits shared by all organisms
Movement – change in position; motion
Responsiveness – reaction to a change
Growth – increase in body size; no change in shape
Reproduction – production of new organisms and new cells
Respiration – obtaining oxygen; removing carbon dioxide; releasing energy from foods

15. Characteristics of Life
Traits shared by all organisms
Digestion – breakdown of food substances into simpler forms
Absorption – passage of substances through membranes and into body fluids
Circulation – movement of substances in body fluids
Assimilation – changing of absorbed substances into chemically different forms
Excretion – removal of wastes produced by metabolic reactions

16. The Organ System Matching Game!!
Match the organ systems that work together
Digestive System
Endocrine System
Reproductive System
Circulatory System
Skeletal System
Urinary System
Respiratory System
Muscular System
Digestive systems works pretty close with the urinary system – liquid waste has to go somewhere.
Reproductive system works pretty closely with the endocrine system – hormones regulates these systems
Skeletal and musculature systems work real close you can have movement unless they do.
Respiratory system needs the circulatory system to transport gases.
But doesn’t the digestive system need the circulatory system to transport nutrients?
And doesn’t the respiratory system need the musculature system to bring air into the lungs and push air out?
Isn’t blood made in the bones?
Don’t all systems need the gas exchange provided by the respiratory system, the nutrition provided by the digestive system, the ability to get rid of waste provided by the excretory systems, and the means to get things to and from provided by the circulatory system?
No one system can function alone, they all work together to maintain life.
All systems work together to maintain life.