1. EU-PWI TF Task Force meeting, Cadarache 16-18 Oct. 2005 1 EU-PWI CONTRIBUTIONS FROM IFP F. Ghezzi Istituto di Fisica del Plasma, C.N.R., EUR/ENEA/CNR Ass., Milano, Italy

2. EU-PWI TF Task Force meeting, Cadarache 16-18 Oct. 2005 2 CHARACTERISATION OF CARBON EROSION AND PROPERTIES OF PLASMA EXPOSED CARBON PFCs UNDER ITER RELEVANT CONDITIONS TW4-TPP-ERCAR Deliverable n.1 STUDY OF SURFACE MORPHOLOGY MODIFICATIONS

3. EU-PWI TF Task Force meeting, Cadarache 16-18 Oct. 2005 3 Objective - Morphology of the Plasma Facing Component Exposed to High Dose (>10 26 m -2 ). -Erosion and Deposition Behavior

4. EU-PWI TF Task Force meeting, Cadarache 16-18 Oct. 2005 4 Results from PISCES-B at high Fluence (October 2002, R. Doerner)

5. EU-PWI TF Task Force meeting, Cadarache 16-18 Oct. 2005 5 Experiment - Tile belongs to the toroidal belt limiter of TEXTOR - Flux 3.7*10 17 cm -2.s * 4.7 h Dose 6.26*10 25 m -2

6. EU-PWI TF Task Force meeting, Cadarache 16-18 Oct. 2005 6 Focusing on the Eroded Zone Sample Position 3 samples from the blade 1 near the transition Erosion -Deposition dominated 1 from the Deposition dominated 1 as blank reference from the opposite surface SEM Picture and EDS Microanalysis on different points for each sample 5 1 4 23

7. EU-PWI TF Task Force meeting, Cadarache 16-18 Oct. 2005 7 Results Blank Reference Hillock Sand Blasting? Only Carbon and Oxygen

8. EU-PWI TF Task Force meeting, Cadarache 16-18 Oct. 2005 8 Sample 1 - No Grass-like structures - Craters with no patterns - Localized sputtering (arcing?) Mag 400X Mag 2500X Average crater diameter 5 m

9. EU-PWI TF Task Force meeting, Cadarache 16-18 Oct. 2005 9 EDS inside a crater EDS around a crater (white contour) - Si from siliconization - Na, Cl and K surface Contaminants -Cr, Fe and Ni re-deposited from the chamber - Al?

10. EU-PWI TF Task Force meeting, Cadarache 16-18 Oct. 2005 10 PISCES-B TEXTOR T ion = 50 eV T e = 6 eV T sample = 440 °C cost. Exposure = 5000 s Pyrolitic graphite Fluence = 8*10 25 /m 2 Normal incidence T ion = 200 eV T e = 40÷60 eV T sample = 200 °C cost. 800 ÷1200 °C transient Exposure = 16920 s IG 110 graphite Fluence = 6.26*10 25 /m 2 Particle incidence? Plasma and Sample Parameters Different Key parameter for Grass-like structure?

11. EU-PWI TF Task Force meeting, Cadarache 16-18 Oct. 2005 11 Sample 2 Sample 4 Sample 5 The Erosion Pattern disappear moving away from the blade

12. EU-PWI TF Task Force meeting, Cadarache 16-18 Oct. 2005 12 EDS ANALYSIS ON MANY SPOTS FOR EACH SAMPLE Divide the sample ideally in a top and bottom half - SAMPLE 1,2 and 3: Fe, Cr, Ni, Si on the top half C and O only on the bottom half - SAMPLE 4 and 5: C and O only on the top half Fe, Cr, Ni, Si on the bottom half - Si always the main peak

13. EU-PWI TF Task Force meeting, Cadarache 16-18 Oct. 2005 13 Summary NO GRASS LIKE STRUCTURE A COMPARISON BETWEEN TEXTOR AND PISCES-B IS NOT ADVISABLE SEM AND EDS CONFIRM THAT MOVING AWAY FROM THE BLADE IT CHANGES FROM EROSION TO DEPOSITION DOMINATED SI IS ALWAYS THE MAJOR IMPURITY

14. EU-PWI TF Task Force meeting, Cadarache 16-18 Oct. 2005 14 CHARACTERISATION OF W AND CFC TARGETS EXPOSED TO ITER-RELEVANT TYPE I ELM AND DISRUPTION TW4-TPP-TARCAR Deliverable 1 :Report on characterisation of EU targets before and after exposure to ITER- relevant Type I ELM and disruption loads in plasma-gun facilities.

15. EU-PWI TF Task Force meeting, Cadarache 16-18 Oct. 2005 15 Objective Type I ELM of 0.50-3 MJ/m 2 significant damage of the divertor target. Single ELMs :energy fluxes over the sublimation (CFC) and melting threshold (W) by thermo- mechanical cycling of the material, for those ELMs which are under those thresholds. Disruption loads energy loads above the material damage.

16. EU-PWI TF Task Force meeting, Cadarache 16-18 Oct. 2005 16 15 targets (6 armoured with CFC NB31, 6 armoured with W- 1%La 2 O 3 and 3 with pure W) will be exposed to plasma-gun at the Russian research institute TRINITI Experiment 1) Weighting (< 1 mg) before and after exposure, mass loss of the material. 2) Profilometry (better than 1 m) of all the targets before and after exposure, profile and melt displacement (for W) 3) Optical and SEM microscopy, surface erosion pattern, crack formation, etc.

17. EU-PWI TF Task Force meeting, Cadarache 16-18 Oct. 2005 17 4) Metalography and ceramography after exposure, thickness of damaged zone in CFC and of the molten and recrystalised layer for W. 5) SIMS, TEM, FIB, etc., will be applied to a subset of the samples if deemed necessary STATUS: Targets are under exposure at TRINITI

18. EU-PWI TF Task Force meeting, Cadarache 16-18 Oct. 2005 18 A MICROPLASMA JET AS ITER WALL DIAGNOSTIC D Discharges in ITER will generate sufficient neutron activation to already impose remote handling for the First Wall First Wall modifications before to put D in ITER RF Microplasma Jet Applications ( OES): - Coating - Etching - Film Deposition - Selective Silicon Oxidation - Synthesis of Carbon Nanostructure

19. EU-PWI TF Task Force meeting, Cadarache 16-18 Oct. 2005 19 FILM DEPOSITION Diagnostic for analyzing chemical reaction in chemical vapor deposition (Ba,Sr)TiO 3 Thermal decomposition of the CVD source molecules Observed by OES (i.e. Calibration) PLASMA PARAMETERS: DC discharge 350 V 4 mA, Carrier Gas N 2 Flow Rate 200 sccm

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23. EU-PWI TF Task Force meeting, Cadarache 16-18 Oct. 2005 23 INNER WALL MODIFICATION OF A PET CAPILLARY Control the Flow in a Electro Osmosis in a Capillary Electrophoresis chip Capillary ~ 500 mm r Quartz Tube 1 or 2 mm r PLASMA PARAMETERS: RF Discharge 13.56 MHz (commercial), Gas carrier He, Ar, O 2 Flow Rate 100 ÷ 200 sccm Power 3 ÷ 10 W

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27. EU-PWI TF Task Force meeting, Cadarache 16-18 Oct. 2005 27 RF DISCHARGE FOR SI ETCHING Capillary W or SS ø 1mm x 20 mm L PLASMA PARAMETERS: RF Discharge 13.56 MHz, Gas Carrier Ar, He, CF4, Power ~ 70 W, Flow Rate ~ 70 sccm

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29. EU-PWI TF Task Force meeting, Cadarache 16-18 Oct. 2005 29 ADVANTAGES: - Miniaturization of the plasma volume - Ultra high density 10 13 ÷ 10 17 cm -3 - Carrier Gas Pressure 20 mbar ÷ 1 atm - Small eroded quantity on the surface for analysis - High spatial resolution ~ 100 m - Ease to realize a miniaturized total chemical analysis system (vs Raman) DISADVANTAGES: Can observe only ionized and excited species Fragile ( Capillary material)

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31. EU-PWI TF Task Force meeting, Cadarache 16-18 Oct. 2005 31 SPECIES TO BE DETECTED H 2, D 2, T 2, CX n, C, W, Be, Ar, O 2, Ne, N 2 ONLY TO RESOLVE H 2 FROM D 2 HIGH RESOLUTION OES

32. EU-PWI TF Task Force meeting, Cadarache 16-18 Oct. 2005 32 ANALYSIS OF ION AND EXCITED BY OES ANALYSIS OF NEUTRAL BY QMS DISCHARGE AND ANALYSIS FROM 20 mbar to 1 atm CALIBRATION OF OES SENSITIVITY BY QMS BUDGET FORECAST TOTAL 233.9 k

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