1. SWMCB DIVERSION RESEARCH STUDIES Commercial and Organics Recycling Lisa Skumatz Skumatz Economic Research Associates Inc (SERA) 762 Eldorado Drive, Superior CO 80027 (303)494-1178 skumatz@serainc.com

2. SERA OUTLINE Scope of work Brief discussion of baseline generation and diversion Goals and measurement Recommended strategies Q and A

3. SERA PROJECT SCOPE Two research topics: Organics (food/paper) recycling (comm. and res.) Commercial recycling Three project steps Secondary research- tools, goals, mandates, other issues Review MPCA goals and strategies Provide recommendations

4. SERA BASELINE DATA

5. SERA BASELINE DATA- STREAMS

6. SERA PROCESSING CAPACITY Recycling- Reported (county interviews) not to be a limiting factor Organics-Capacity may be a factor, transportation and location is a challenge

7. SERA GOALS AND MEASUREMENT MPCA recommended goals

8. SERA GOALS (N. America) Edward Island – goal 65% diversion (currently 61%) Metro Vancouver, BC – 70% diversion from landfill an WTE by 2015 (currently 55%) Portland Metro- 64% recovery goal by 2009 (currently 57%) Regional District of Nanaimo, BC- 75% by 2010, Zero Waste long term (currently 61%) Marion County, OR- 55% diversion goal (currently 58%) Tompkins County, NY- 75% by 2016 (currently 60%) Alameda County Stopwaste, CA- 75% landfill diversion (state goal) (currently 68%) San Francisco, CA – Zero waste by 2020 (currently 77%) Sunnyvale, CA - 75% landfill diversion (currently 66%) Santa Barbara, CA- 75% landfill diversion (currently 66%) Markham, ONT- 70% goal (currently 66%) Nantucket, MA (currently 92%)

9. SERA GOALS (N. America) Commercial Recycling (50-75% diversion, +80% part.) in highest achieving communities (San Francisco, Seattle, Alameda County, Metro Vancouver, BC Portland, OR, Owen Sound, ONT, Prince Edward Island) Organics Diversion- Average overall diversion 52%, Residential- 7-9lbs/hh/week (food & paper) (25-30 with YW), Businesses- 20-90% of targeted stream Renton, WA- 42% Kirkland, WA- 43% Castro Valley Sanitation District- 34% Enumclaw, WA – 34% Edmonds, WA (Diversion is for food scraps / food soiled paper alone) – 13%

10. SERA Is the 60% Recycling Goal Realistic for the SWMCB Region?

11. SERA GOALS (COMMERCIAL) Source separated organics diverted from the waste stream and the source reduction and yard waste credits are not included in the recycling calculations.

12. SERA GOALS AND IMPACTS

13. SERA Is the 15% SSO Recycling Goal Realistic for the SWMCB Region?

14. SERA GOALS (SSO) Facility capacity is an issue at 10.5% SSO diversion if no new facilities open

15. SERA Recommended Strategies

16. SERA STRATEGY RESEARCH Examined existing in-house data from organics programs (recent BMPs research for EPA Region 5) Used in-house data to identify high performing commercial programs Identified communities using the MPCA Plan strategies Used existing data, interviews, published literature to identify programs with strong potential

17. SERA RECOMMENDATIONS Those that have the biggest bang for the Region Those that can increase access to diversion for more generators As well as those that can be implemented quickly/easy

18. SERA RECOMMENDATIONS Used SERA WDAM to develop impact estimates Two Packages of strategies 1)High impact / low cost per ton 2)Lower impact / higher cost per ton but avoid mandates

19. SERA PACKAGE 1 ORDINANCE- Commercial fees embedded in trash bills/mandatory pay for program (organics and recycling) OUTREACH- Social marketing campaign, business technical assistance, targeted materials/generators (focus on Comm. SSO) ORDINANCE/CONTRACTING- Curbside residential SSO with costs embedded for all. Switch to every-other-week trash ORDINANCE- Require haulers to report tons collected and diverted for all sectors ORDINANCE (Optional)– Mandatory Recycling and SSO or disposal ban

20. SERA PACKAGE 1

21. SERA

22. PACKAGE 1 ADD-ON

23. SERA PACKAGE 2 ORDINANCE- Haulers must offer recycling and SSO to all accounts POLICY / CONTRACT- Small businesses may use residential recycling services (with same fee) INCENTIVE /OUTREACH- Recycling co-ops (commercial) OUTREACH- Social marketing campaign, business technical assistance, targeted materials/generators (focus on Comm. SSO) POLICY / INCENTIVE– Continue / expand schools programs ORDINANCE- Require haulers to report tons collected and diverted for all sectors

24. SERA

25. GOALS AND IMPACTS Pkg 1: Commercial 58,000 to 117,000 If mandated / banned 121,000 to 194,000 Pkg 2: 13,000 to 45,000

26. SERA GOALS AND IMPACT Pkg 1: Organics 87,000 to 196,000 If mandated / banned 180,000 to 264,000 Pkg 2: 9,000 to 25,000

27. SERA INCLUDED IN REPORT Detailed information on each program (where, how, advantages, pitfalls) and more programs (comm.(14) SSO (17) Discussion of mandatory recycling / bans Example cities / programs Expanded inventory of commercial and organics programs identified

28. SERA QUESTIONS / DISCUSSION: Lisa A. Skumatz, Ph.D. Principal, SERA, Inc. Juri Freeman Sr. Analyst 762 Eldorado Drive, Superior, CO 80027 Phone: 303/494-1178 email: skumatz@serainc.com freeman@serainc.comskumatz@serainc.com freeman@serainc.com