1. Environmental Information System Framework for Pantex Plant
Presented by
Ye Maggie Ruan (

2. Acknowledgement Dr. David Maidment Dr. Randy Charbeneau
Dr. Maidment’s Research Group

3. Outline Background and Objectives
Environmental Information System Framework
Pantex Spatial Database Development and Management
Additional EIS Components and Technologies
Conclusion
Future Works
Demo

4. Background America’s only nuclear weapon assembly and disassembly site
Environmental Issues
Risk to Workers and the Publics
Air and Water Quality
Effect on agriculture
Public Concerns
Safety
Environment
Potential effects on the public and workers during normal operations and from accidents, including aircraft crashes, and nature disaster(e.g., floods, tornadoes, and earth- quakes.)
Potential effect of air and water quality and other environmental consequences of normal operations and potential accidents--including any effects on the Ogallala Aquifer.
Potential effects on agricultural lands and practices.
To study these issues, many environmental information is needed, and through those studies, many information is also generated. An information bridge should be set up to connect the data supplier and consumer, so that the future project can be conducted in a timely fashion.
Disassemble and disposal of nuclear weapons are sensitive issues. Public concerns are mainly focusing on the safeties and environmental impact
Therefore environmental information system is beneficial for both professional environmentalist and general public.

5. Current Pantex Database
Sybase and Intergraph MGE
Contains Environmental samples, Regulatory limits, Facility management, Map information
6,657 Sampling Locations
2.6GB, 197 Tables and 3,566,104 Data Records
Updated Daily

6. Objectives
To construct Environmental Information System Framework for the Pantex Facility so that environmental information is provided for both professional environmental engineers and general publics

7. (Procedure, Quality Control) (Online, CD-ROM, Internet)
EIS Framework
Information
Source
(Types, Sites, Methods)
Administration
(Storage, update, back)
Implementation
GIS
Spatial Database
Management
Spatial Database
Development
Training
Data Process
(Procedure, Quality Control)
Distribution
(Online, CD-ROM, Internet)
EIS here stands for Environmental Information System, not Environmental Impact Statement. It includes four basic components based on GIS technology.
The core component is the spatial database, the environmental description of the study region.
Spatial database development involves gathering the information and process the information into an consistent format.
Spatial Database management involves database administration and distribution.
The implementation and training on the spatial database and its application are also important for the framework.

8. Spatial Database Development
Regional Description
Environmental Sampling
Regulatory limits
Information
Source
(Types, Sites, Methods)
User Needs
Spatial Database
Development
Gathering and processing the
information into a consistent format
Data Process
(Procedure, Quality Control)
For the information source, we need to find out what kinds of the information need to be retrieved, where is it and how can it be retrieved.
There are three basic types of information in environmental spatial database. Regional Description, environmental Sampling and Regulatory limits.
The key point of gathering the information is the user needs
To process the data to consistent format, we have to define the region and coordinates, so the data can have the same geographic range, similar scales, and same projection, therefore they can be overlaid together.
The key point is Consistent.
Study Region
Coordinates and Projection
Consistent

9. Spatial Database Management
Easy to Maintain
Secure
Accurate
Storage*
Update
Backup
Administration
Spatial Database
Management
Keep the database secure, widely
accessible and easy to use
Distribution
Wide Range
Multi-Format
Easy to Use
The main task for the SD management is to keep the database secure, widely accessible, and easy to use.
For SD administration, the main focus is that data are maintained in the appropriate architecture, easy to be updated and backed up. The goal is to keep the system easy to maintain, secure, and provide the accurate and most updated information.
For SD distribution, there are three most popular options, online database such as oracle, sybase, Microsoft SQL server, via CD-ROM, and using Internet. The goal is to have a wide distribution range, to provide the multi-format and easy to use, so that not only the environmentalist but also general publics can access the data
Online
CD-ROM
Internet*

10. Data Storage: Two-Server Architecture
Arc/Info Librarian
ArcStorm
Oracle
Sybase
Microsoft SQL
Server
Spatial Data Server
Attributes Data Server
Clients:
ArcView & Arc/Info
MapOjbects
Other mapping
applications
Ethernet
NFS or
File Sharing
TCP/IP
DBMS
Network Client
The normal spatial database using two-server architecture. An relational database for tabular attribute information, and the Spatial data servesr such as Arc/Info librarian and ArcStorm can be used to handle spatial data.

11. Data Storage: One-Server Architecture
SDE
RDBMS
Oracle
Sybase
Microsoft SQL Server
Clients
ArcView & Arc/Info
MapOjbects
Other mapping applications
Ethernet
NFS or
File Sharing
TCP/IP
DBMS
NW Client
NW Server
Spatial query allowed
A more advanced data architecture is one-server architecture, both spatial and tabular data are stored in the relational database, and Spatial Database Engine (SDE) is used to help retrieving the spatial data. In this architecture, the Spatially constraint query is allowed, and database is easier to manage. This structure is especially good for large spatial database that has millions of features.

12. Database Storage: CD-ROM Approach
Advantage
ArcView
Arc/Info
MapOjbects
Other mapping
applications
CD-ROM
Regional
data
Coverages
Shape files
Grids
Images
Sampling
MS Access
Tables
Queries
Microsoft
Access
Wide Distribution Range
Client-end Operation
Simple & Customized Structure
Fast Access Speed
The architecture we used is a CD-ROM approach. We store the regional description data in spatial data file formats such as coverage, shapes, grid; then we store sampling data in Microsoft Access Tables. We put everything in a CD-ROM, and use ArcView to work on mapping, and Microsoft Access to supply sampling data.
The Advantages are: it has a wide distribution range without using the network. The clients get the necessary data, the GIS functions are performed individually, which relieves the burden on the server. The database can have a simpler structure which is customized for each project. The data are accessed directly from local CD-ROM drive, which is very fast for those graphical intensive GIS files.

13. ArcView Internet Map Server
Web Browser
ArcView
Internet
Map Server
Map Café
Internet
Custom Application
Internet has been widely used for GIS data publishing, however, the data retrieved usually have to be preprocessed and be viewed by special software such as ArcView. For general publics this is not very feasible. The Internet Map Server can provide spatial data which can be viewed using standard browsers.
The two data servers ESRI provides are ArcView IMS and MapObjects IMS.
In ArcView IMS, three mapping patches are added to the user-end, server -end and the ArcView application end.
When the user reaches the ArcView IMS imbedded web page, a Java applet call Map Café is downloaded to the user, from which you can send the request to a map. The web server has the IMS extension called esrimap.all, it gets the request and talk to ArcView IMS extension, the ArcView gets the request and retrieves the data from database, perform certain activities according to the request and sends back the result.
To have the interactive map server, the arcview application has to be running all the time, always ready to response.
TCP/IP
SDE
esrimap.dll
ArcView IMS
Web server extension
ArcView IMS extension
Web Server
ArcView
GIS DBMS

14. MapObjects Internet Map Server
Web Browser
(e.g, NetScape or Internet Explore)
Internet
Custom Application
MO IMS has the similar structure. The main differences are, it does not provide Java interface. The user uses standard browser to make the request. The weblink is Active X control.
TCP/IP
SDE
esrimap.dll
webLink.ocx
Web server extension
Web Server
MapObjects
GIS DBMS

15. ArcView vs. MapObject Internet Map Server

16. Pantex Spatial Database - Objectives:
To develop a spatial database framework for assisting in characterization of environmental risks of Pantex Plutonium MOX fuel processing facility, and to develop and analyze potential pathways for human and ecological exposures

17. Data Types: Raster Image of the Pantex Site and Surrounding Region
Census description of population
Stream & Transportation Digital Line Graph
Land Use & Land Cover Description
Statsgo Soil Description
Vegetation Description
Aquifer Description
Facility Layout :

18. Study region & Projection
State Plane
Coordinates
Projection:
To be consistent, we need to define the study region and the projection.
We defined 100 x100 miles square, centered at Pantex.
The projection is defined to be the State Plane Coordinates.

19. Basic Process Procedure
Retrieve the raw data from the source (e.g., Internet)
Reformat the data file to be compatible with Arc/Info
Merge the data sets to form a larger continuous seamless data set
Customize the attributes information to meet the user needs
Project the merged data set to the desired projection
Clip the data sets for the defined study region
Customization example: The TIGER census data is in track level, and we would like to have block level data. One track has about five block. So we combined another data source that have the block level information but not topologically integrated to the TIGER data and had the census data in block level.

20. Regional Description Data
Raster Image
Census
Stream
Land Use
Soil
Aquifer
Vegetation
Site Layout

21. Additional Components of EIS
Integrate Microsoft Access with ArcView
Research Intranet for Risk Characterization of Pantex Plutonium MOX Processing Facility

22. Integrate Access with ArcView - Why?
Spatial Information
Attribute Information
ArcView
Microsoft
Access
Why?
Display
Analysis
RDBMS
Query
Form Input
Report output
Active X
ArcView is very good at display and analyze spatial information, but it doesn’t provide very good relational database properties.
MS Access is a very relation nice database, easy accessible as part of the MS office software, easy to use. It provides easy query, just by dragging and dropping the tables, relating the table by drawing lines. It also give very nice form input interfacing and report output format. It is compatible with Active X environment.
What we try to do is store most of the information in Access, take advantage of its RDBMS functionality and display and analyze the data in ArcView.

23. Integrate Access with ArcView - How?1
How? 2
Site 6 3 4
Data of
Interest 5
Data
1. Export Site location
2. Create Points
3. Spatially Select
4. Query Data of Interest
5. Return Data of Interest
6. Display and Analysis
ArcView
Access
Initially we have environmental information stored in Access, the sampling site locations as latitude and longitude, and the sampling data related to them.

24. Integrate Access with ArcView - Example!
Nitrate distribution in the Groundwater of Pantex
The blue dots are sampling locations, the orange lines are the Nitrate concentration contours. The data are initial stored in Access, and displayed and analyzed in ArcView.

25. Research Intranet - Framework & Teams
Risk Characterization
Framework
Teams
ANRCP
CRWR
Texas A&M
Pantex
The process describes the MOX fuel process, fate and transport describes the where are those radiological material might transport, the health risk describes how it will affect the human. A great amount of communication to the public is involved in this project.
The projects is a joint effort from Amarillo National resource Center for plutonium, CRWR, Texas A&M and Pantex. It is difficult to coordinate the project among the teams. Therefore we constructed the research intranet.

26. Research Intranet - Objectives
Define the objective and scope of the project
Clarify the individual function of each team in the project
Set up a channel for easy communication
Provide the online resources for each technical subject
Update the progress report
Preview the public information

27. Research Intranet - Demo
Let’s Go!

28. Conclusions EIS can be beneficial for Environmental projects.
Retrieving environmental information from the Internet is efficient and cost-effective.
A CD-ROM database management system provides wide distribution range, simple structure and fast access speed.
Microsoft Access can be integrated to ArcView as external relational database management system.
Internet Map Servers provides environmental information to general publics.

29. Future Work
Complete the Spatial Database by Providing More Types of Data
Improve the Connection between ArcView and Access
Set Up the Internet Map Server
Polish the Intranet and Public Window