1. Socio-economic accounts
This project is funded by the European Commission, Research Directorate General as part of the 7th Framework Programme, Theme 8: Socio-Economic Sciences and Humanities.
Grant Agreement no:
Socio-economic accounts
Abdul A. Erumban
Reitze Gouma
Marcel P. Timmer
Gaaitzen J. de Vries
Groningen Growth and Development Centre
University of Groningen
WIOD Conference, Sevilla May 2011 Th

2. Outline What is included in the socio-economic accounts?
Approach in WIOD for constructing labor by skill type
Approach in GTAP for constructing labor by skill type
Comparison of approaches: China
Current status, World KLEMS initiative and ongoing work

3. Socio-economic accounts
Builds upon the detailed industry-level EU KLEMS database, extension to other countries in WIOD:
Gross output and value added (consistent with National Accounts) in current, constant, and international prices
Capital formation
Labor by skill types (education based)
Low-skilled, Medium-skilled, High-skilled

4. WIOD approach labor by skill type
Collection of country-specific data for non-EU countries (that is, those not included in the EU KLEMS database)
Internal, intertemporal, and international consistency
Output and capital formation from National Accounts (NA)
Labor input data from sources consistent to NAs
Economic censuses
Employment and labor force statistics
Households surveys
PPPs based on input-output approach (Timmer and Inklaar, 2012)

5. GTAP approach labor by skill type
Previous versions of GTAP were based on wage and employment data from for 13 countries, with various cross-country assumptions (e.g. no ‘real’ data for China)
GTAP version 8
[Weingarden and Tsigas, 2010]
Mapping for 150 countries
ILO Yearbook of Labor Statistics: employment by industry and occupation (for a single year 2005/2006)
ILO October Inquiry: wage by job
National data for China and India
Matching wage by job with occupations

6. Comparison example: China
GTAP (single year 2002)
Employment by occupation for seven industries for 2002 from China Labor Statistical Yearbook [CSLY] (2007)
Distribution of education by sector and occupation by education for 2006 from CLSY(2007)
Disaggregate some occupations using ILO employment data from 1982
Wage by job from ILO October Inquiry
Match jobs with occupations

7. Comparison example: China
WIOD (time series )
Joint work with: Harry Wu’s group (Hitotsubashi University & The Conference Board) as well as NBS
Employment from China Statistical Yearbook, additional detail from sector-specific surveys. First China Economic Census 2004 allows us to include self-employed by industry
2004 Distribution of educational attainment by detailed industry from the First China Economic Census 2004
Trend for other years from CLSY for 2002 onwards, and other sector-specific surveys for earlier years
Wage data from various rounds of the China Household Income Project (microdata)

8. Socio-Economic Accounts - current status
EU 15 Y K L L*
EU 12
Non EU 13 1
Austria X
Bulgaria
Australia 2
Belgium
Cyprus
Brazil 3
Denmark
Czech Rep
Canada 4
Finland
Estonia
China 5
France
Hungary
India 6
Germany
Latvia
Indonesia 7
Greece
Lithuania
Japan 8
Ireland
Malta
Korea X  9
Italy
Poland
Mexico 10
Luxembourg
Romania
Russia 11
Netherlands
Slovak Rep
Taiwan 12
Portugal
Slovenia
Turkey 13
Spain
USA 14
Sweden 15 UK
Y =output and value added, current and constant
K =Capital formation
L =Employment
L* =Employment by skill (low, medium, high)

9. WIOD – World KLEMS
D5.2 (month of delivery: 12): Preliminary KLEMS database for WIOD countries not covered in EU KLEMS
Delivered employment quanties for all WIOD countries
Currently working and waiting on labor by skill type and capital estimates for countries not yet covered in EU KLEMS database
To this end we have set up the WORLD KLEMS consortium
First conference August 2010 at Harvard, Cambridge included national statisticians and researchers from many countries (90 participants).
Work is currently under way by dedicated research groups in cooperation with NSIs

10. World KLEMS (WIOD relevant)
US: Jorgenson and associates (Harvard) with BEA/BLS
Canada: Stats Can
Australia: Stats Australia
Japan: Fukao and associates (Hitotsubashi)
Korea: Pyo and associates (Seoul Nat Uni)
China: Harry Wu group (Conference Board, Hitotsubashi) + NSI
India: Das and associates (ICRIER, Delhi)
Brazil: Hofman and associates (ECLAC) with NSI and local groups
Mexico: Hofman and associates (ECLAC) with NSI
Russia: Groningen in cooperation with Rossstat
Indonesia/Taiwan: Groningen with Khuong Vu (Singapore Nat Uni)
Turkey: Groningen with Conference Board

11. Thank you for your attention
Ongoing work
China and India: good output and employment estimates, testing and improving labor split by types
Early stage: labor split by skill types for Eastern European countries, and several large developing countries (e.g. Brazil, Indonesia, Mexico, and Turkey)
Updating output and employment for all countries to 2009
Thank you for your attention