1. KEY CONCEPT The respiratory and circulatory systems bring oxygen and nutrients to the cells.

2. The circulatory system transports blood and other materials.
The respiratory and circulatory systems work together to maintain homeostasis.
The circulatory system transports blood and other materials.
brings supplies to cells
carries away wastes
separates oxygen-poor and oxygen-rich blood
Oxygen-poor blood
Oxygen-rich blood

3. The respiratory system is where gas exchange occurs.
picks up oxygen from inhaled air
expels carbon dioxide and water
nose
sinus
mouth
epiglottis
trachea
lungs

4. The respiratory system moves gases into and out of the blood.
The lungs contain the bronchi, bronchioles, and alveoli.
Millions of alveoli give the lungs a huge surface area.
The alveoli absorb oxygen from the air you inhale.
alveoli
bronchiole

5. Breathing involves the diaphragm and muscles of the rib cage.
Air flows from areas of high pressure to low pressure.
Air inhaled.
Muscles contract and
rib cage expands.
Diaphragm flattens
and moves downward.
Air exhaled.
Muscles and
rib cage relax.
Diaphragm relaxes
and rises.

6. The circulatory system moves blood to all parts of the body.
The system includes the heart, arteries, veins, and capillaries.
heart pumps blood throughout body
arteries move blood away from heart
veins move blood back to heart
capillaries get blood to and from cells
veins
arteries

7. There are three major functions of the circulatory system.
transporting blood, gases, nutrients
collecting waste materials
maintaining body temperature

8. KEY CONCEPT The heart is a muscular pump that moves the blood through two pathways.

9. The tissues and structures of the heart make it an efficient pump.
Cardiac muscle tissue works continuously without tiring.
NORMAL HUMAN HEART

10. The heart has four chambers: two atria, two ventricles.
Valves in each chamber prevent backflow of blood.
aortic valve
left atrium
mitral valve
left ventricle
septum
pulmonary valve
right atrium
tricuspid
right ventricle
Muscles squeeze the chambers in a powerful pumping action.

11. The heartbeat consists of two contractions.
SA node, or pacemaker, stimulates atria to contract
AV node stimulates ventricles to contract
SA node
VA node

12. Blood flows through the heart in a specific pathway.3 1 4 2

13. Blood flows through the heart in a specific pathway.
oxygen-poor blood enters right atrium, then right ventricle
right ventricle pumps blood to lungs
oxygen-rich blood from lungs enters left atrium, then left ventricle
left ventricle pumps blood to body

14. The heart pumps blood through two main pathways.
Pulmonary circulation occurs between the heart and the lungs.
oxygen-poor blood enters lungs
excess carbon dioxide and water expelled
blood picks up oxygen
oxygen-rich blood returns to heart

15. Systemic circulation occurs between the heart and the rest of the body.
oxygen-rich blood goes to organs, extremities
oxygen-poor blood returns to heart
The two pathways help maintain a stable body temperature.

16. KEY CONCEPT The lymphatic system provides another type of circulation in the body.

17. The lymphatic system collects fluid that leaks out of the capillaries.
Lymph is collected from tissues and returned to the circulatory system.
heart
lymph nodes
lymph vessels
The lymphatic system collects fluid that leaks out of the capillaries.
Lymph vessels have valves to prevent backflow.
Lymph nodes filter the lymph and destroy foreign matter.
Lymph vessels return cleaned fluid to the circulatory system.
If lymph vessels or nodes are damaged, lymph collects in an area.

18. The lymphatic system is a major part of the immune system.
tonsils
thymus
spleen
Structures in the lymphatic system help fight disease.
tonsils filter bacteria and viruses
thymus develops white blood cells
spleen filters lymph, contains immune cells
Lymphocytes help destroy pathogens, parasites, and foreign matter.