1. Figure 8.6a The heart.

2. Blood Pathway Through the Heart & Lungs
Figure 17.5

3. Right pulmonary artery Pulmonary trunk
Figure 8.7 A view of the heart showing major blood vessels, chambers, and valves.
Aorta
Superior vena cava
Left pulmonary artery
Right pulmonary artery
Pulmonary trunk
Left pulmonary veins
Left atrium
Pulmonary semilunar valve
Aortic semilunar valve
Left AV valve
Right atrium
Left ventricle
Right AV valve
Chordae tendineae
Right ventricle
Papillary muscles
Septum
Inferior vena cava

4. External Heart: Posterior View
Figure 17.4d

5. The auricle is a part of each atrium
The auricle is a part of each atrium. A small, cone-shaped, muscular pouch that projects from each atrium, located at the receiving end of the atria. Visually, they look like wrinkled pouch-like structures.
Auricles help their respective atria hold more blood.
They are called auricles because they were thought to resemble dog's ears.
In older references, “auricle” was used to describe the entire atrium.

6. Alternate names for AV valves
Right Tricuspid
Left Bicuspid Mitral

7. Heart Valves
Figure 17.8a, b

8. Semilunar Valve Function
Figure 17.10

9. Atrioventricular Valve Function
Figure 17.9

10. Figure Heart valves.

11. Heart Valves
Figure 17.8c, d

12. Figure 8.10 Blood vessels of the heart.

13. Figure 8.18 A coronary angiogram.

14. Figure 8.19 Coronary artery bypass grafts.

15. Sequence of Excitation
Figure 17.14a

16. Heart Physiology: Sequence of Excitation
Sinoatrial (SA) node in right atrium generates impulses about 75 times/minute; dominant autorythmic cells; nervous system may regulate
Atrioventricular (AV) node delays the impulse approximately 0.1 second
Impulse passes from atria to ventricles via the atrioventricular bundle (AV bundle)
AV bundle splits into two bundle branches in the interventricular septum
Bundle branches carry the impulse toward the apex of the heart
Purkinje fibers carry the impulse from the heart apex to the ventricular walls

17. Cardiac Cycle
Cardiac cycle refers to all events associated with blood flow through the heart; electrical events, valve activity, heart sounds, chamber contractions and changes in blood pressure
Systole – contraction of heart muscle
Diastole – relaxation of heart muscle

18. Heart Sounds
Heart sounds (lub-dup) are associated with closing of heart valves
First sound occurs as AV valves close and signifies beginning of systole
Second sound occurs when SL valves close at the beginning of ventricular diastole
Heart murmurs-obstruction in the flow of blood, valve irregularity

19. Cardiac Conditioning Exercise will increase cardiac muscle mass
Increased cardiac muscle mass increases the strength of contraction
Heart beats less and rests more