1. SYSLAB A platform for research and testing of decentralised energy resource based power systems Henrik Bindner Wind Energy Systems Wind Energy Division Risø DTU Vind i Øresund Kick-off møde, LTH, december 2008 Acknowledgement: The parts of the work presented is supported by EnMi-project ” Self-organising distributed control of a distributed energy system with a high penetration of renewable energy” and ForskEl-project ”Characterisation of Vanadium Batteries”

2. 19/09/20152Risø DTU, Technical University of Denmark SYSLAB – Distributed Energy System Laboratory SYSLAB is a platform for Decentralised Energy Resources research and testing It is a flexible experimental setup up It includes several production and consumption units It has embedded computing power and flexible communication It has very flexible control possibilities It can be extended 7kW 11kW 13*1kW 48kW/60kVA 9kWh 55kW15kW/120kWh

3. 19/09/20153Risø DTU, Technical University of Denmark Main parts of SYSLAB Production and consumption equipment Measurement system Computer network Node-computers with linux Software: agent platform, measurement database

4. 19/09/20154Risø DTU, Technical University of Denmark Electrical layout of SYSLAB Flexible grid configuration Autonomous grid Units can be tested in under various grid conditions Suitable for component as well as system tests Very flexible control Control computer at each component Communication network Agent-based software infrastructure

5. 19/09/20155Risø DTU, Technical University of Denmark Execution platform Interactions between entities defined in software, not hardware easier transition between the current system (static hierarchy) ‏ and future paradigms, as research progresses

6. 19/09/20156Risø DTU, Technical University of Denmark What can SYSLAB be used for System control concepts –Distributed and decentralised control –Exploitation of demand response/demand side management –Communication – what has to be communicated, what happens when the communication is interrupted Interaction between components in a heterogenoues system –Wind, Solar, Electrochemical Storage, Hydrogen system, Conventional production, Loads etc. Testing of components –Characterisation –System properties

7. 19/09/20157Risø DTU, Technical University of Denmark Examples on activities in SYSLAB System Control: –Self-organising distributed control of a distributed energy system with a high penetration of renewable energy (EnMi) Energy Storage: –Characterisation of Vanadium redox-flow batteries (PSO) Flexible Consumption: –FlexHouse

8. 19/09/20158Risø DTU, Technical University of Denmark Self-organised distributed control of a distributed energy system with a high penetration of renewable energy Activation of distributed resources Utilisation of local resources Seamless integration with system control (plug and play) System is able to handle new components as well as new configurations e.g. caused by faults Agent-based control of power system Agents are software objects that are –Connected to the real world –Pursuing a goal –Interacting with other agents

9. 19/09/20159Risø DTU, Technical University of Denmark Vanadium battery at SYSLAB AC power: ±15 kW Storage: 120 kWh Battery system includes: Cell stacks (340 cells in total) Electrolyte and storage (26500liter) Balance of plant (pump, pipes, etc.) Control and communication unit Four quadrant AC/DC power converter Total price: 750.000 DKK

10. 19/09/201510Risø DTU, Technical University of Denmark Round trip efficiency : electricity → storage → electricity Power Converter efficiency –~85% Auxilliary Power Consumption –~1.4kW (almost constant) Cell stack efficiency high Converter losses are high Auxilliary power consumption is relatively high Cell stack (DC power) Cell stack and power converter (AC) Total, including auxiliary power and storage losses

11. 19/09/201511Risø DTU, Technical University of Denmark Power FlexHouse Provide a software and hardware platform for implementation of controllers for flexible consumption Study control strategies for flexible loads, sensor requirements, modelling Investigate how users can interact with system Enable investigation of the interaction between control capabilities of a consumer load and the requirements of the rest of the system Communication interface between load and system: –Which information to exchange, –How to communicate strategies, –Links to existing communication protocols

12. 19/09/201512Risø DTU, Technical University of Denmark Plug-in Hybrid Cars/Electric Vehicles RE in transport Coordination control of charging/discharging to support grid Intelligent control –Driving patterns –Forecasting techniques for charging decisions –Charging depending on grid state Extended battery –9kWh LiFePO4 (48*24 cells) –1kW charging power –50km range as EV Future –Vehicle2grid hybrid car: Bi- directional converter –Support grid

13. 19/09/201513Risø DTU, Technical University of Denmark SYSLAB – Development perspectives 1-5 kW Topsoe FC CHP Test System Integrates several areas of research Upscaling to nationwide system –Simulations (IPSYS) Facility used in PhD and MSc projects SYSLAB is part of Powerlab.dk Investigate technical possibilities –Embedded intelligence –Distributed/Decentralised control –Integration of energy carriers –Multiple RE sources Possible extensions –Hydrogen/Fuel cells –Biomass –Risø district heating/ houses