1. By: Anson Wong and Jaryd Knight

2. What is it? Is a chronic disease caused when the pancreas is unable to produce insulin or to use the insulin produced properly. It is the 7 th leading cause of death among Americans and over 15 million Americans suffer from diabetes.

3. What are the types? Type one diabetes is a disease that effects the bodies ability to process glucose in the bloodstream Type one diabetes effects the body by attacking beta cells in the pancreas, which produce insulin and release insulin, the hormone which regulates glucose in the bloodstream This is known as autoimmunity

4. Type two diabetes is a disorder in which the pancreas is producing a reduced amount of insulin or the cells do not respond to the insulin. Type two diabetes is sometimes known as “adult-onset diabetes” as it is more commonly found in people over the age of 40.

5. Diagnosis The most common way Canadian doctors diagnose this disease by making patients fast for eight hours then checking their blood sugar levels at the end of the eight hours and two hours after they eat a meal Americans on the hand use a different more effective method of testing for diabetes. American doctors use the HbA1C test, this test is more effective because it measures your blood sugar levels over the course of three months. This test measures the amount of sugar stuck to your red blood cells. This test is more effective because the measurements are more accurate because they are taken over a long period of time

6. Affect on The Digestive System One way in which diabetes affects the digestive system is by gastroparesis, which causes the opening of the pyloric sphincter to be delayed, this causes the retention of stomach contents, which leads to bloating, abdominal pain and nausea. This disease also disrupts the ability of the stomach to move solid contents into the duodenum

7. Another area where diabetes affects the digestive system is in the small intestines. When the chyme reaches the small intestines the diabetes effects the enteric nerves are effective which causes abnormal absorption which can lead to delayed emptying of the chyme which causes bacterial overgrowth and abdominal pains

8. Treatments There are no cure for diabetes but there are some way in which you could manage your problems: A change in diet, such as watching your sugar intake and measuring your blood sugar levels before a meal Start becoming more fit and do daily exercise Scientist have made an experimental treatment/cure for diabetes where they would transplant islets which contain beta cells from the donor’s pancreas to the patients pancreas and have the new beta cells begin to produce proper levels of insulin.

9. Experiment Who is interested?

10. Bibliography http://www.diabetes.ca/research/biology/ http://www.healthlinkbc.ca/kb/content/medicaltest/hw8252.ht ml http://www.healthlinkbc.ca/kb/content/medicaltest/hw8252.ht ml http://m.theglobeandmail.com/life/health/new- health/conditions/diabetes/have-diabetes-it-depends-on-what- country-youre-in/article1808854/?service=mobile http://m.theglobeandmail.com/life/health/new- health/conditions/diabetes/have-diabetes-it-depends-on-what- country-youre-in/article1808854/?service=mobile http://journal.diabetes.org/clinicaldiabetes/V18N42000/pg148.h tm http://journal.diabetes.org/clinicaldiabetes/V18N42000/pg148.h tm http://www.healthcentral.com/encyclopedia/408/150.html?ic=5 06048 http://www.healthcentral.com/encyclopedia/408/150.html?ic=5 06048