1. The Key to Sustainable Global Prosperity is at the Margins Jutta Treviranus Inclusive Design Research Centre OCAD University

2. 2 Digital Exclusion access to online systems is no longer an option new entranceway to government services, commerce, education, employment, recreation, social engagement, civic engagement.... powerful potential to address barriers to accessibility but current systems failing estimated social and economic cost of digital exclusion (55.2 billion annually in the US)

3. 3 Bridging the Gap? Standard information and communication technology (ICT) developers design for the typical or average user Specialized Assistive technology (AT) is intended to bridge the gap to reach anyone that requires alternative access systems

4. 4 Technology Gap Assistive Technology bridge is inadequate and crumbling impossible technical task (interoperate with all applications) impossible business conditions (very small customer base) only serve some disabilities only serve a small part of the world Unlike standard ICT, AT is: increasing in cost Decreasing in availability, functionality, reliability and diversity Costs up to 10 times more to get online

5. 5 Special Services for excluded individuals Currently spend more on policing and excluding people from specialized services than on delivering service Vicious cycle of increasing administrative overhead: certify individuals as qualifying for service authorize technology or training as qualifying for funding During budget cuts - limit costs by tightening criteria squeezed-out groups advocate for new categories more spent on administering new categories

6. 6 Accessibility Legislation Essential for cultural change, but hard to update and keep current Blunt and rigid instrument for such a complex and evolving domain as the Web and the internet Seen to constrain innovation, flexibility and customization

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8. 8 We need a new approach must be sustainable must be integrated must take advantage of technical advance rather than trying to catch up must include the full spectrum of users who face barriers must recognize that people with disabilities are very diverse must be available globally

9. Emerging Approach Leveraging global networks and connectivity Taking advantage of the flexibility of digital content and applications Stretching the trend toward personalization to encompass all potential users Addressing the needs of consumers at the margins through the rise of 3D printing Crowdsourcing accessibility Developing a future-proof economic driver that can engage producers and suppliers at the margins 9

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11. 11 Benefits far more than individuals with disabilities…

12. Mainstreaming Digital Inclusion Recognizes and serves the full spectrum of human diversity Reframing as relative Disability = a mismatch between the needs of the individual and the service or environment offered Accessibility = the ability of the system to match the needs of the individual

13. 13 Push to Pull Creates powerful pull market that reduces barriers to entry and provides accessible employment opportunities In extreme push market most of capital spent pushing products, leaving little time for production and innovation emerging developers cant break into market compelled to address largest markets and ignore the rest Enable pull market diversity of requests Reduced barriers to entry for new producers and suppliers encourage diversity of supply and innovation

14. Requires Global Cooperation and Participation Global infrastructure Open standards Pooling and sharing of resources across national boundaries Connecting demands with supply globally 14

15. 15 Enabling greater diversity of participation and thereby... innovation and creativity resiliency cumulative, collective production, pooling and sharing

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17. 17 Questions, suggestions.... http://gpii.net http://idrc.ocadu.ca http://floeproject.org http://cloud4All.info