2. I NTERNAL F ORCES OF THE E ARTH 4 layers of earth 1-crust Where people live; continents stuck into crust 2-mantle “hot liquid rock-magma”; like hot caramel 3-outer core 4-inner core

3. P LATE T ECTONICS Crust is divided into stiff, moving plates

4. RING OF FIRE AREA IN PACIFIC WHERE PLATE IS THINNER MORE EARTHQUAKES & VOLCANOES

5. VOLCANOE HTTP :// WWW. VOLCANO. SI. EDU / WORLD / REGION. CFM ? RNUM =13S BY REGION

6. 3-MIDDLE OF PLATE LESS INTERNAL FORCES—HEAT & PRESSURE MORE EXTERNAL FORCES-WIND & WATER

7. EXAMPLE OF SPREADING-- Plate A Plate B

8. Mid Oceanic Ridge “underwater Volcano” Sea floor spreads

9. P LATE MOVEMENT FOLDING

10. PLATES COLLIDING 2 FAULT- PLATE CRACKS & MOVES

11. T RENCH C REATION —SUBDUCTION SMALLER PLATE GOES UP/BIG PLATE GOES DOWN

12. TRANSFORM—PLATES SLIDE PAST

13. EARTHQUAKE ZONES PLATES SLIDE PAST EACH OTHER

14. R ESULTS OF INTERNAL FORCES Types of landforms created Mountains, valleys, volcanoes, islands What do they look like? Higher, jagged, steep slopes Primary landforms Created by heat & pressure, plate movement

15. EXTERNAL FORCES Rock weathering Water -breaks rock down Transports rock

16. WIND Transports rocks & minerals Breaks down rocks (2 rocks run into each other0 Creates sand dunes

17. GLACIERS Heavy ice Flattens land Picks up sediment Leaves some parts behind as it moves Creates: Plains Fertile land Carves out rivers Leaves ice that will melt to become lakes

18. R ESULTS OF EXTERNAL FORCES TYPES OF LANDFORMS Plains, plateaus, alluvial fans, deltas, LOOK LIKE? Lower in elevation, rounded, smaller SECONDARY Created by external forces like wind, water, glaciers

19. C ONTINENTAL DRIFT THEORY PANGAEA Evidence #1 -Jigsaw Puzzle All continents Seem to fit together

20. EVIDENCE 2-fossil remains

21. E VIDENCE #3- SEA FLOOR SPREADING HTTP :// WWW. TECTONICS. CALTECH. EDU / OUTREA CH / ANIMATIONS / DRIFT. HTML HTTP :// WWW. TECTONICS. CALTECH. EDU / OUTREA CH / ANIMATIONS / DRIFT. HTML Sea floor spreading