2. Hydrogen and Fuel Cells How is Hydrogen Produced, Delivered, and Stored? Brought to you by –

3. Hydrogen

4. Hydrogen is the most abundant element in the universe.

5. Hydrogen does not exist in nature by itself, but it is found as part of a compound in abundant and diverse resources such as the fossil fuels natural gas and coal.  What  What is the most abundant compound on earth?

7. Water = H 2 O Two Hydrogen AtomsOne Oxygen Atom

8. Chemistry review…  Hydrogen has 1 proton and 1 electron  Oxygen has 8 protons and 8 electrons  Both are non-metal gases  Both are naturally diatomic (H 2 and O 2 ) when by themselves  When they react with each other they form water

9. Hydrogen is #1 on the Periodic Table ↓

10.  Electrolysis: The process of using an electrical current to split water into hydrogen and oxygen.

11. When the electricity needed for electrolysis is generated using wind or solar power, for example, electrolysis can be a clean and renewable way to produce hydrogen. wind farm solar panels

12. Scientists worldwide are researching ways to produce hydrogen safely, cleanly, efficiently, and cost-effectively. Steam Methane Reforming –  This method involves using high temperature steam to extract hydrogen from natural gas.  Both hydrogen and carbon monoxide are produced.  Today, 95% of the hydrogen produced in the United States is made through steam methane reforming.

13. Fuel cell animation  How a fuel cell works How a fuel cell works How a fuel cell works  At the anode, Hydrogen gas gives up its electrons to produce hydrogen ions and allows for the flow of electrons (electricity)  At the cathode, the oxygen and hydrogen recombine to form water  The membrane (PEM) can also SPLIT the water, so the whole process can begin again

14. Other hydrogen production technologies use various resources… nuclear energy algae biological material

16. Challenge = Cost

17. 2H 2 + O 2 = 2H 2 O + Energy

18. Hydrogen-powered fuel cells can supply energy to power anything from automobiles to homes to computers. Picture it… Picture it…

19. Hydrogen is a clean form of energy. It can be used in fuel cells to create electricity with the only byproducts being water and heat.