2.  Introduction  Define and describe childhood obesity  Discuss which populations are at risk  Comparison of past and present  Describe medical conditions  Discuss prevention and treatment  Conclusion

3. “Obesity is a serious health concern for children and adolescents. Data from NHANES surveys (1976–1980 and 2003–2006) show that the prevalence of obesity has increased: for children aged 2–5 years, prevalence increased from 5.0% to 12.4%; for those aged 6–11 years, prevalence increased from 6.5% to 17.0%; and for those aged 12–19 years, prevalence increased from 5.0% to 17.6%.” (CDC, 2009)

4.  Definition: excess of body fat  Center for Disease Control and Prevention: › Overweight - at or above the 95 th percentile of BMI for age › At risk for overweight – between 85 th and 95 th percentile BMI for age  European researchers: › Overweight – at or above the 85 th percentile BMI for age › Obese – at or above the 95 th percentile BMI for age

5.  Physical effects › Type 2 diabetes › Hypertension › Glucose intolerance and insulin resistance › Sleep apnea › Impaired balance and orthopedic problems  Psychological effects › Depression › Low self esteem › Negative body image  Social Health › Negative stereotyping › Discrimination › Teasing and bullying

6.  United States – 25% overweight, 11% obese  Middle East › Iran – one of the seven highest › Saudi Arabia – 1 out of every 6, ages 6-18  Europe – central and eastern  Scandinavian and Mediterranean – lowest rate of childhood obesity

7.  Poor diet. Highly-processed, high-calorie meals and fast foods have become staples of the typical Western diet. Poor nutrition spells weight gain.  Lack of exercise. Our children’s leisure time has become increasingly sedentary. Television, video games and computers occupy vast amounts their free time, at the expense of physical activity.  Genetics. Family history plays a significant part in whether your child will develop a serious weight problem. From 25-40 percent of children inherit the tendency towards overweight.

16. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 2009. Childhood Overweight and Obesity. Retrieved on April 7, 2009 from http://www.cdc.gov/nccdphp/dnpa/obesity/childhood/ind ex.htm http://www.cdc.gov/nccdphp/dnpa/obesity/childhood/ind ex.htm Institute of Medicine. 2004. Childhood obesity in the United States: Facts and Figures. Retrieved on April 7, 2009 from http://www.iom.edu/Object.File/Master/22/606/FINALfactsan dfigures2.pdf Nutrition Journal. 2005. Childhood obesity, prevalence and prevention. Retrieved on April 7, 2009 from http://www.nutritionj.com/content/4/1/24 http://www.nutritionj.com/content/4/1/24