2. July 2003 doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/266r0 Submission Slide 1IEEE 802.15.4 Interest Group a Leadership Project: IEEE P802.15 Working Group for Wireless Personal Area Networks (WPANs) Submission Title: [802.15.4IGa Informal Call for Application Response] Date Submitted: [14 July, 2003] Source: [Jason Ellis- IEEE 802.15.4IGa Vice-Chair; Larry Taylor- IEEE 802.15.4IGa Chair; Responses contributed from 13 sources- details follow in the presentation] Company [Various] Address [ELLIS- General Atomics- 10240 Flanders Ct., San Diego, CA 92121] Voice:[+1 (858) 457-8749], FAX: [+1 (858) 457-8740], E-Mail:[jsnellis@ieee.org] Address [TAYLOR- Staccato Communications-5893 Oberlin Dr. San Diego, CA 92121] Voice:[+1 (858) 642-0111], FAX: [+1 (858_ 642-0161], E-Mail:[larry.taylor@acm.org] Re: [This submission is in response to the committees request to identify applications enabled by an alternate 802.15.4 PHY] Abstract:[Having discussed new features offered by candidate technologies, this presentation compiles 13 informal CFI contributions. The last slide is a summary and leadership recommendation] Purpose:[For discussion by IEEE 802.15.4IGa] Notice:This document has been prepared to assist the IEEE P802.15. It is offered as a basis for discussion and is not binding on the contributing individual(s) or organization(s). The material in this document is subject to change in form and content after further study. The contributor(s) reserve(s) the right to add, amend or withdraw material contained herein. Release:The contributor acknowledges and accepts that this contribution becomes the property of IEEE and may be made publicly available by P802.15.

3. July 2003 doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/266r0 Submission Slide 2IEEE 802.15.4 Interest Group a Leadership 802.15.4 Interest Group a Informal Call For Applications 14 Respondents and 15.4IGa leadership summary and recommendations July 2003 IEEE 802.15 Meeting San Francisco

4. July 2003 doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/266r0 Submission Slide 3IEEE 802.15.4 Interest Group a Leadership Table of Contributors SourceAffiliation(s)Pages Patrick HoughtonAetherwire & Location 4-12 Jason EllisGeneral Atomics13-17 Lajuane Brooks LB&A Consulting18-21 John Lampe Nanotron Technologies22-24 Uri KareevPulsicom25-28 In Hwan Kim Samsung Electronics29-34 Ted KwonSamsung / CUNY35-39 Mark BowlesStaccato Communications40-43 Philippe RouzetST Microelectronics42-56 Oren Eliezer InfoRange57-61 Kai Siwiak TimeDerivative / Q-Track62-65 Peter Batty Ubisense Limited66-71 Serdar Yurdakul Wisair72-80 Richard NowakowskiCity of Chicago- OEMC R&D81-88 15.4IGa Leadership(Summary & Recommendation)89 7:10 7:20 7:25 7:35 7:45 7:50 8:00 8:10 8:15 8:25 8:35 8:45 8:55 9:05 9:20 Monday Evening ~ Times

5. July 2003 doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/266r0 Submission Slide 4IEEE 802.15.4 Interest Group a Leadership Contribution #1 Patrick Houghton (408) 400-0785 patrick@aetherwire.com Aetherwire & Location http://www.aetherwire.com

6. July 2003 doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/266r0 Submission Slide 5IEEE 802.15.4 Interest Group a Leadership Applications Finding People –Situational Awareness for Soldiers –Firefighter Rescue Finding Assets –Autonomous Manifesting –ISO Container Security Machine-to-Machine (M2M) –Wireless Sensor Networks –Home/Office Automation –Robotics Houghton- Aetherwire

7. July 2003 doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/266r0 Submission Slide 6IEEE 802.15.4 Interest Group a Leadership Situational Awareness for Soldiers No Effective Means of Indoor Location Confusion and lack of Communication and Control Sounds are confusing and difficult to localize Seconds count... Localizers provide ID and location Avoid Fratricide Positive IFF Houghton- Aetherwire

8. July 2003 doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/266r0 Submission Slide 7IEEE 802.15.4 Interest Group a Leadership Military Operations in Urban Terrain Houghton- Aetherwire

9. July 2003 doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/266r0 Submission Slide 8IEEE 802.15.4 Interest Group a Leadership Firefighter Rescue When Firefighters are trapped or lost, there is no effective way to rescue them Trapped or lost firefighters, if conscious, often dont know their own location Unlike the Movies, structural fires are characterized by heavy smoke and darkness Sounds are diffused by smoke and difficult to localize Seconds count... If they are known to be on the scene (sometimes they are not), it may take a long time before a firefighter is missed Commanders dont know status of their firefighters (oxygen level, health, etc.) Houghton- Aetherwire

10. July 2003 doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/266r0 Submission Slide 9IEEE 802.15.4 Interest Group a Leadership Track Firefighter Status Houghton- Aetherwire

11. July 2003 doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/266r0 Submission Slide 10IEEE 802.15.4 Interest Group a Leadership Finding Assets for DOD Houghton- Aetherwire

12. July 2003 doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/266r0 Submission Slide 11IEEE 802.15.4 Interest Group a Leadership Machine-to-Machine (M2M) Wireless Sensor Networks for Industrial Automation & Control –Wiring for sensors fixed to pipes can cost $10 to $25 per foot –Thousands of temperature monitoring points in typical installation –Cost of wiring exceeds cost of sensor Office and Home Automation –HVAC Controller Wire Replacement –Office/Home Security Systems Robots in Manufacturing –Mobile robot navigation & docking –Relieve robots from cables & avoid expensive infrastructure Large Potential Market for low-power, mobile, ad-hoc networks –Also known as: Invisible Networks, Ad-hoc Networks, Mesh Networks –Most solutions dont address LOCATION Houghton- Aetherwire

13. July 2003 doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/266r0 Submission Slide 12IEEE 802.15.4 Interest Group a Leadership Device Requirements Market requirements for a device to provide communication and precise 3D position in a low-power wireless Mobile ad-hoc Network (peer to peer with rapid acquisition of new members) Data Rate: 10K bits/second Network Size: can scale to 1 Million nodes Can Operate in High Noise and High Multipath Environment Cost: Under $1 in quantity - single chip device Range: 30 meters (good penetration) Power Consumption: <1mW 3D Position with cm range accuracy Compatible with sensors Houghton- Aetherwire

14. July 2003 doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/266r0 Submission Slide 13IEEE 802.15.4 Interest Group a Leadership Contribution #2 Jason Ellis +1 (858) 457-8749 jason.ellis@ga.com General Atomics Photonics Division http://www.ga.com/uwb A leader in sensor and wireless technology

15. July 2003 doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/266r0 Submission Slide 14IEEE 802.15.4 Interest Group a Leadership Inventory Control Warehousing –Allows quick and precise pinpointing of goods Retail shops –Supports real-time tracking of shipments /pallets Can quickly locate and read items on densely loaded pallets –High valued items i.e. No security wires preventing customers from trying on leather jackets Ellis- General Atomics

16. July 2003 doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/266r0 Submission Slide 15IEEE 802.15.4 Interest Group a Leadership Location of Sensors In a very dense environment, with lots of sensors, the ability to locate a particular sensor may be very important –Faulty sensor on production line Ellis- General Atomics

17. July 2003 doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/266r0 Submission Slide 16IEEE 802.15.4 Interest Group a Leadership Security Workstation locks when user goes out of range Automobile unlocks when driver comes within range- supports cars of the future Authentication based on precise location –Point of sale –Wireless Ethernet users Ellis- General Atomics

18. July 2003 doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/266r0 Submission Slide 17IEEE 802.15.4 Interest Group a Leadership Summary of Requirements Addressed by present PHY –Low cost- throwaway –Low power consumption- long battery life New features to be supported by Alternate PHY –Precision location determination capability 3 inches to 3 feet accuracy –Support for co-location of many devices Scenarios call out for high aggregate capacity Ellis- General Atomics

19. July 2003 doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/266r0 Submission Slide 18IEEE 802.15.4 Interest Group a Leadership Contribution #3 Lajuane Brooks (301) 346-2482 info@kidlocate.net LB&A Consulting Potential 802.15.4a Application to Enhance Child Safety at Home, in Schools, & in Times of Crisis

20. July 2003 doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/266r0 Submission Slide 19IEEE 802.15.4 Interest Group a Leadership The wireless infrastructure provides a vehicle for a formal child safety infrastructure Providing private, personal-area-safety nets for child localization at home, in schools, etc. $ The child safety infrastructure promotes faster deployment of the wireless infrastructure Converting wireless niceties into essential appliances that protect children from harm Market for Wireless Safety Devices The public has issued an overwhelming request for more proactive safeguards 58,000 children are reported as abducted by a non-family member every year 40% of children abducted by strangers are murdered (NCMEC, 2002) Most children abducted by strangers are killed within 4 hours, so it is critical to respond quickly (Walsh 2001; DOJ) We have no formal infrastructure that accounts for children during times of crisis Background: Personal-Area-Networks (PANs) can provide Personal-Area-Safety Brooks- LB&A Consulting

21. July 2003 doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/266r0 Submission Slide 20IEEE 802.15.4 Interest Group a Leadership Opportunity to Establish a Technological Foundation for Wireless Child Localization IEEE 802.15.4 High Precision Localization Other Enabling Technologies IEEE 802.15.4 High Precision Localization Availability of Location Data to Upper Layers Adaptable Physical Layer Extend to Business Environment Standardized Child Tracking Can Be Extended to Wider Area Coverage Incorporating Interoperability and Compatibility Near - Term Future - Term Brooks- LB&A Consulting

22. July 2003 doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/266r0 Submission Slide 21IEEE 802.15.4 Interest Group a Leadership In parallel with IEEE 802.15.4a: Invitation to a High-Tech Child Safety Forum Developing Solutions with Key Support Assemble the Stakeholders in Child Safety, Crisis Response, & Wireless Communications Together Examine the Feasibility of a Child Safety Infrastructure Government Agencies (NIST, FCC, DOJ, etc.) Wireless Communications Developers Childrens Clothing & Shoe Manufacturers RF Tag Manufacturers & Distributors Childrens & Parents Advocacy Groups Security Monitoring Services Mapping & Positioning Software & Services Is the Technology Ready? Present the Technological Options Is Society Ready? Compile Product Requirements A High-Tech Child Safety Roundtable A One-Day Event on Wednesday, October 8 th, 2003 George Washington University Grand Ballroom, Wash DC www.KidLocate.net Brooks- LB&A Consulting Privacy Protection Provide protection without giving up privacy? Positioning Data How will location data be accessed? RF-ID Concealing RF-ID Tags in Childrens Clothing?TechnicalFeasibility Can it be done? Incident Escalation A more cohesive relationship between police & the community? Parent Supervision Can it supplement parent supervision without substituting it?

23. July 2003 doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/266r0 Submission Slide 22IEEE 802.15.4 Interest Group a Leadership Contribution #4 John Lampe +49 30 399 954 0 j.lampe@nanotron.com Nanotron Technologies http://www.nanotron.de

24. July 2003 doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/266r0 Submission Slide 23IEEE 802.15.4 Interest Group a Leadership Benefits Which Open up Applications Simple and accurate position calculation Extended range Extremely power efficient Compatibility with DSSS Simultaneous sensing of multiple 15.4 channels HIGH –Performance (high symbol rate) –Reliability (predictable minimum range, network planning) –Robustness against multipath fading –Robustness against interference LOW –Transmit power –Human exposure –Latency –Cost Lampe- Nanotron

25. July 2003 doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/266r0 Submission Slide 24IEEE 802.15.4 Interest Group a Leadership Some Applications Transportation Asset tracking Mission critical (e.g. industrial) Low latency tolerance applications (e.g. control, gaming, streaming) Device sharing/participating among multiple networks (multiple simultaneous channel sensing) 15.4 Network extension (backward-compatibility) Cordless phones VOIP Longer battery life Lampe- Nanotron

26. July 2003 doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/266r0 Submission Slide 25IEEE 802.15.4 Interest Group a Leadership Contribution #5 Uri Kareev kareev@pulsicom.com Pulsicom http://www.pulsicom.com

27. July 2003 doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/266r0 Submission Slide 26IEEE 802.15.4 Interest Group a Leadership Location Aware Application ApplicationLoc. finding importa nce Few bits comm. importance True comm. importance Comments Healthcare inventory tracking CriticalImportantNice to have Healthcare – people tracking CriticalImportantNice to have Workforce - people tracking CriticalImportantNot important Kareev- Pulsicom

28. July 2003 doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/266r0 Submission Slide 27IEEE 802.15.4 Interest Group a Leadership Location Aware Application continued ApplicationLoc. finding importance Few bits comm. importance True comm. importance Comments Warehouse management CriticalNice to haveIrrelevant Supply chain management CriticalNice to have Building automation Nice to have / Important Critical Retail store customer tracking CriticalNot important Kareev- Pulsicom

29. July 2003 doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/266r0 Submission Slide 28IEEE 802.15.4 Interest Group a Leadership Location Aware Application continued Application Loc. finding importance Few bits comm. importance True comm. importance Comments Theme park tracking CriticalIrrelevant Note, this is one of the few places that can get along with bad location accuracy Document trackingCriticalIrrelevant This application, for full potential needs UWB Inventory management CriticalNot important Irrelevant Kareev- Pulsicom

30. July 2003 doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/266r0 Submission Slide 29IEEE 802.15.4 Interest Group a Leadership Contribution #6 In Hwan Kim inhwan@samsung.com Samsung Electronics http://www.samsung.com Use of Location Awareness and Sensing Capabilities for 802.15.IG4a Applications

31. July 2003 doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/266r0 Submission Slide 30IEEE 802.15.4 Interest Group a Leadership Envisioning Applications Home Usage: –Sensing/Tracking of babies/children/pets –Tracking of missing items (e.g., keys) –Personal tags for activating services (e.g., open door, personalized services) Home Network should track (recognize) smartly –Who is who? (e.g. kid, mom, dad, grandma ….) –Where is he/she? –What kind of services he/she want? Requirements –Sensing –Tracking –Location awareness –Low power –Low cost –Security Kim- Samsung

32. July 2003 doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/266r0 Submission Slide 31IEEE 802.15.4 Interest Group a Leadership Application Scenario (1 of 3) Dad enters home The human device (Dad s watch) broadcasts Dad s ID. After ID authorized, Dad s preferred devices (such as PC, Fax, Mailbox, Phone, TV, Homecare, Hot water supply system) get ready for operation Dad is moving toward one of the rooms With location awareness, devices near Dad are operating –For example: when Dad is entering the living room Received mails are notified Answering machine notifies received calls Stock channel is turned ON Kim- Samsung

33. July 2003 doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/266r0 Submission Slide 32IEEE 802.15.4 Interest Group a Leadership Application Scenario (2 of 3) - ID Awareness Kim- Samsung Study Room Dining Room Living Room Bed Room Bath Room Dad preferred devices are ready…(ID Awareness) Dad enters home…

34. July 2003 doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/266r0 Submission Slide 33IEEE 802.15.4 Interest Group a Leadership Application Scenario (3 of 3) - Location Awareness Kim- Samsung Study Room Dining Room Living Room Bed Room Bath Room Dad is moving to Study Room… Notify receiving e-mail Notify receiving faxes Notifies received calls Notify receiving mail Stock channel ON Dad is moving to Living Room… Hot water ON Dad is moving to Bath Room… Notify health information Dad is moving to Bed Room.. Devices near Dad are operating…(Location Awareness)

35. July 2003 doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/266r0 Submission Slide 34IEEE 802.15.4 Interest Group a Leadership Conclusion and Issues Sensing & tracking can be used for activating personalized services in home network –Sensing is important for identification –Tracking is important for location awareness. Issues: –Need to design efficient PHY & MAC algorithms for sensing & tracking –Need to consider whether the usage of location awareness capability falls into the scope of the FCC regulation Kim- Samsung

36. July 2003 doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/266r0 Submission Slide 35IEEE 802.15.4 Interest Group a Leadership Contribution #7 Ted Kwon / Myung Lee tedkwon@ee.ccny.cuny.edu / mjlee@ee.ccny.cuny.edu Samsung / CUNY

37. July 2003 doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/266r0 Submission Slide 36IEEE 802.15.4 Interest Group a Leadership Communications and Networking Routing –Replacing GPS-assisted routing Low cost, low power At the cost of processing Indoor as well as outdoor –Center-location Minimum link cost of a group (e.g. multicast, cluster) –Optimal tree or mesh network formation –Smart flooding (avoid redundant flooding) MAC –Exposed terminal problem is solved Kwon- Samsung/CUNY

38. July 2003 doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/266r0 Submission Slide 37IEEE 802.15.4 Interest Group a Leadership Communications and Networking (cont.) Directional Antenna –Using topology information Accurate Handoff –Less sensitive to hysteresis of RSSI Topology Management –Topology-aware sensing –Smart sensor deployment –Power control Kwon- Samsung/CUNY

39. July 2003 doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/266r0 Submission Slide 38IEEE 802.15.4 Interest Group a Leadership High Precision Positioning UWB nodes can measure distance between themselves –Time of flight (btw. pulse time and arrival time) –Theoretically, sub-centimeter order Extension of GPS indoors –GPS signal is useless indoors (non-LOS) Kwon- Samsung/CUNY

40. July 2003 doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/266r0 Submission Slide 39IEEE 802.15.4 Interest Group a Leadership Distance-aware Application The feature that low-cost UWB devices can precisely measure the distance between the two communication parties can promote the following example applications: –To prevent children from walking away from parents; –Shutdown TVs when kids move too close to the them; –To prevent the lost of key chains, wallets or other luxury accessories; –Automatically turn on/off the light or other devices when people enter/leave the room, garage and etc. –Wireless Tape Measure: measuring distance using UWB devices (convenient and saves man power)! Kwon- Samsung/CUNY

41. July 2003 doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/266r0 Submission Slide 40IEEE 802.15.4 Interest Group a Leadership Contribution #8 Mark Bowles (858) 642-0111 mark@staccatocommunications.com Staccato Communications http://www.staccatocommunications.com

42. July 2003 doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/266r0 Submission Slide 41IEEE 802.15.4 Interest Group a Leadership Shrink-wrapped Smart Home Systems Bowles- Staccato High density wireless network of controllers, sensors, and actuator nodes for: –Environment control –Energy management (metering and smart appliances) –Security and identification –Emergency monitoring and safety (earthquakes, fire) Smart Home solutions need to be inexpensive, easy to install, and not limited to new homes

43. July 2003 doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/266r0 Submission Slide 42IEEE 802.15.4 Interest Group a Leadership Requirements Bowles- Staccato Must address existing home market (not just new homes) Automated address/control system provisioning and networked to PC control system SW –Address assignments and control provisioning done automatically/wirelessly by the network through location-awareness and smart algorithms, not by an electrician or technician or consumer –Ad-hoc sensor/control network then automatically communicates with PC or other platform over wireless interfaces and network control SW runs on host system and is auto-configured No battery –battery lifetime must be longer than devices lifetime so that installation is simplified and inexpensive –Energy scavenging from vibration, light, etc. Multipath robust –reliable communication in harsh multi-path environment (e.g. foil-backed insulation in the walls) Low cost –<$2 per node

44. July 2003 doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/266r0 Submission Slide 43IEEE 802.15.4 Interest Group a Leadership Radios Everywhere Bowles- Staccato Very low cost and very long battery lifetime has made microcontrollers an integral part of almost every electrical and electronic product made, and now they permeate even the smallest capillaries of our everyday lives with more than 15 billion units on the planet. Radios will follow microcontrollers evolution and integration in everyday appliances once they will become location-aware, and will reach similar price, form factor, and power consumption levels.

45. July 2003 doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/266r0 Submission Slide 44IEEE 802.15.4 Interest Group a Leadership Contribution #9 Philippe Rouzet / Vanni Saviotti +41 22 929 58 66 philippe rouzet@st.com, vanni.saviotti@st.com ST Microelectronics http://www.st.com This contribution reflects STMs view about potential usage of Low Data Rate WPAN

46. July 2003 doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/266r0 Submission Slide 45IEEE 802.15.4 Interest Group a Leadership Rationales for UWB as candidate for LDR WLANS/WPANs for sensor-like applications Several LDR standards/solutions already exist or are close to exist, amongst which: –Bluetooth –Zigbee A new standard is necessary if and only if the required features are very different from the ones that will be provided by current standards/solutions Rouzet- STMicroelectronics

47. July 2003 doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/266r0 Submission Slide 46IEEE 802.15.4 Interest Group a Leadership Why STM identified new needs Typical application 1 Rouzet- STMicroelectronics

48. July 2003 doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/266r0 Submission Slide 47IEEE 802.15.4 Interest Group a Leadership Main Requirement Locate and identify devices –within an area, –moving to another authorized area, –or lost Over time (autonomy must last for months or years, no maintenance) A device (com. +loc.+energy) is a small fraction of a $ Rouzet- STMicroelectronics

49. July 2003 doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/266r0 Submission Slide 48IEEE 802.15.4 Interest Group a Leadership Typical Application 2 Networks with distributed devices for large structures monitoring Rouzet- STMicroelectronics

50. July 2003 doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/266r0 Submission Slide 49IEEE 802.15.4 Interest Group a Leadership Application 2 Requirement Self aware location devices within an area with self configuration, self maintenance and expandability capabilities. Over time (autonomy must last for years, how to re-energize the battery?) A device (com. +loc.+energy) is a small fraction of a $ Rouzet- STMicroelectronics

51. July 2003 doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/266r0 Submission Slide 50IEEE 802.15.4 Interest Group a Leadership Typical Application 3 Networks of wearable mobile devices Rouzet- STMicroelectronics

52. July 2003 doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/266r0 Submission Slide 51IEEE 802.15.4 Interest Group a Leadership Application 3 Requirement Locate and identify devices/people within an area Communicate sensor information Over time (autonomy must last for months, devices can be re-energized) A device (com. +loc.+energy) is some $, can be much more with certain kinds of sensors Example: 1.For tracking and safety purposes in large communities environments such as schools and hospitals (large range, medium or large population) 2.For preventive medicine, health monitoring and health therapy purposes. Typically Body Area Networks Rouzet- STMicroelectronics

53. July 2003 doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/266r0 Submission Slide 52IEEE 802.15.4 Interest Group a Leadership Properties (1 of 2) (for next slides, features are mainly extracted from application 1 which is the highest demanding ) Thousands of active devices may exist in one area Devices are as simple as possible (no processor inside, could even be deaf?…) Communication is at very low data rate (Kbps?) Communication is uncoordinated (sporadic or with low periodicity) Network is adhoc. A controller node exists and concentrates the intelligence Devices are mainly sleeping (powerful power save mechanisms) Devices can be located easily (see next slide) Reliability of transmission is essential Rouzet- STMicroelectronics

54. July 2003 doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/266r0 Submission Slide 53IEEE 802.15.4 Interest Group a Leadership Properties (2 of 2) Localization –Must be offered at very low cost (no specific sensor UWB is a very good candidate –Must be done thanks to a simple exchange protocol using only local time of devices and normal precision clocks –Required precision is some 10s of cm or 1 m: Good time resolution in the system UWB –Devices can move (10-20 mph) Rouzet- STMicroelectronics

55. July 2003 doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/266r0 Submission Slide 54IEEE 802.15.4 Interest Group a Leadership Regulation The system can be operated in open environments (~outdoor) A frequency band must exist UWB, possibly with restrictions The population density can be huge very low TX level, very low duty cycle factor, possibly mechanisms to spread the emission over the full band for a given population in one large area using and overcrowding the ISM bands does not appear as a good choice Rouzet- STMicroelectronics

56. July 2003 doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/266r0 Submission Slide 55IEEE 802.15.4 Interest Group a Leadership Technology Fraction of a $, autonomous (battery powered) for months –CMOS ! –No processing needs –No initial set up –No big precision oscillator –Good realistic examples are chips for smart cards same objectives (Quantity, cost, manufacturability, …) but with antenna and battery included Rouzet- STMicroelectronics

57. July 2003 doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/266r0 Submission Slide 56IEEE 802.15.4 Interest Group a Leadership Some Initiatives in Europe European Large R&D: Programs: PULSERS (IST), WITNESS (MEDEA+) – planned start date end 2003 (TBC) Known advanced activities in Europe: –Technology (battery, full CMOS high frequency transceivers, …) –Protocols (processor-less H/W MAC) –Algorithms: localization (tracking, range estimation, …) and routing –Communication: pulse based modulation for extremely simple transceivers Possible cooperation between European Programs and IEEE 15.4.Ig4a supporters: user requirements, technology (e.g. antenna, integrated batteries),… STM is strongly supporting an alternate PHY study for 15.4 Rouzet- STMicroelectronics

58. July 2003 doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/266r0 Submission Slide 57IEEE 802.15.4 Interest Group a Leadership Contribution #10 Oren Eliezer orene@ti.com InfoRange

59. July 2003 doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/266r0 Submission Slide 58IEEE 802.15.4 Interest Group a Leadership Package Tracking Currently, mostly bar-codes are used, requiring visual contact with the tracked item, creating not only an accessibility issue but also consumes time. Solving these issues is worth the added cost of a wireless-label (assuming a very low cost solution, e.g. sub $2). UWB based identification could offer the advantages of: –Shorter reading time (a whole truck could be read in seconds) –No need for line of sight within a reasonable range –Automatic warning provided by the tracking system whenever a package is being loaded on a truck/container heading towards the wrong destination, or when a package is mistakenly offloaded –Locating a package within the truck/container/warehouse Eliezer- InfoRange

60. July 2003 doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/266r0 Submission Slide 59IEEE 802.15.4 Interest Group a Leadership Shipment and Delivery Applications - Comparison with Asset Management Similar to the asset management applications in some requirements More sensitive to cost of wireless label to be attached to each packet/item to be tracked Higher volumes (the labels are a lot more temporary compared to those of asset management, and are attached to many more items) Higher aggregate bit-rates needed (e.g. full truckload of packages to be scanned/read within seconds) multiple packages/items (e.g. 1000) reader (fixed or portable) Eliezer- InfoRange

61. July 2003 doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/266r0 Submission Slide 60IEEE 802.15.4 Interest Group a Leadership Discussion of Transmission only Devices With a low level of transmission assumed (e.g. below 1mW), the receiver may consume more than the transmitter. If a wireless label is to be implemented as a transponder that would transmit its message only in response to being polled, then it might have to waste more energy in reception than in getting its message through (receiver not only consumes more but is powered on for longer intervals). Since power consumption should be minimized, and periodically powering a receiver could be wasteful, transmission only devices should be considered. If a devices message comprises very little data, and the air-occupancy and spectrum of the transmission allow for coexistence with many other devices, then asynchronous (device initiated transmissions) should be allowed. A message may incorporate an indication whether it is a response to some inquiry/polling or not, but the central reader should also be able to accept those unexpected periodic transmissions. Eliezer- InfoRange

62. July 2003 doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/266r0 Submission Slide 61IEEE 802.15.4 Interest Group a Leadership Market Potential Currently, security/access control and transportation are the most widely adopted applications in the RFID industry, but by 2006, supply chain management applications could hold the lions share of RFID market revenues. The market for transponders in 2000 was about $500M The market for readers in 2000 was about $200M With the availability of a global standard also having a location capability, the market potential for such applications is extremely high ! Eliezer- InfoRange

63. July 2003 doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/266r0 Submission Slide 62IEEE 802.15.4 Interest Group a Leadership Contribution #11 Kai Siwiak / Jerry Gabig (954) 937-3288 / (256) 512-0020 kai@timederivative.com / j.gabig@q-track.com TimeDerivative / Q-Track www.timederivative.com www.q-track.com Real Time Location Service (RTLS) Applications, Range and Accuracy Requirements in P802.15.4

64. July 2003 doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/266r0 Submission Slide 63IEEE 802.15.4 Interest Group a Leadership Real Time Location Systems (RTLS) CORE RTLS ApplicationsRangeAccuracy High value inventory items (warehouses, ports, motor pools, manufacturing plants) 100-300 m30-300 cm Sports tracking (NASCAR, horse races, soccer)100-300 m10-30 cm Cargo tracking at large depots to including port facilities300 m300 cm Vehicles for large automobile dealerships and heavy equipment rental establishments 100-300 m300 cm Key personnel in office / plant facility100-300 m15 cm Children in large amusement parks300 m300 cm Pet/cattle/wild life tracking300 m15-150 cm Siwiak- TimeDerivative

65. July 2003 doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/266r0 Submission Slide 64IEEE 802.15.4 Interest Group a Leadership Real Time Location Systems (RTLS) Niche Commercial MarketsRangeAccuracy Robotic mowing & farming300 m30 cm Supermarket carts (matching customers with advertised products) 100-300 m30 cm Vehicle caravan / personal radios / family radio service300 m300 cm Military ApplicationsRangeAccuracy Military training facilities300 m30 cm Military search & rescue: lost pilot, man-over-board, Coast Guard rescue operations 300 m300 cm Army small tactical unit friendly forces situational awareness - rural and urban 300 m30 cm Siwiak- TimeDerivative

66. July 2003 doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/266r0 Submission Slide 65IEEE 802.15.4 Interest Group a Leadership Real Time Location Systems (RTLS) Civil Government / Safety ApplicationsRangeAccuracy Tracking guards & prisoners300 m30 cm Tracking firefighters and emergency responders300 m30 cm Anti-collision system: aircraft / ground vehicles300 m30 cm Tracking miners300 m30 cm Aircraft landing systems300 m30 cm Detecting avalanche victims300 m30 cm Locating RF noise and interference sources300 m30 cm extension to LoJack® vehicle theft recovery system300 m300 cm Siwiak- TimeDerivative

67. July 2003 doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/266r0 Submission Slide 66IEEE 802.15.4 Interest Group a Leadership Contribution #12 Peter Batty peter.batty@ubisense.net Ubisense Limited http://www.ubisense.net

68. July 2003 doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/266r0 Submission Slide 67IEEE 802.15.4 Interest Group a Leadership Healthcare Applications Streamlining hospital processes –Locating staff –Finding wandering patients –Ensuring records remain with the patient –Updating electronic records with current care status Asset tracking and management –Finding equipment –Evaluating equipment usage to improve purchasing Workplace safety –Panic alarms with position-finding capability Demand now: Large US & UK ambulatory care hospitals Batty- Ubisense

69. July 2003 doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/266r0 Submission Slide 68IEEE 802.15.4 Interest Group a Leadership Workplace Productivity Applications Better communications between distributed sites –Moving maps –Phone call forwarding –Asynchronous messaging Sharing space more effectively –Low-overhead personalisation –Measurement of space utilisation –Pay-as-you-go billing for space Recording activity in a corporate memory –Who was at the meeting last week? Demand now: Multinationals implementing distributed workplace strategies Batty- Ubisense

70. July 2003 doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/266r0 Submission Slide 69IEEE 802.15.4 Interest Group a Leadership Security Applications Enhancing CCTV coverage –Activity-based video stream selection Daytime intruder detection –Correlate data from active tracking and passive (IR, weight, radar) sensors Visitor management –Enforcing restricted zones and escort policies Asset tracking Automatic man-down detection Demand now: Defense contractors, gemstone processing facilities Batty- Ubisense

71. July 2003 doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/266r0 Submission Slide 70IEEE 802.15.4 Interest Group a Leadership Other Application Areas Retail environments –Personalised retail experience –Footfall analysis –Locating friends and family in malls Hazardous training –After-action review for urban combat training –Man-down detection in firefighter training simulators Batty- Ubisense

72. July 2003 doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/266r0 Submission Slide 71IEEE 802.15.4 Interest Group a Leadership Requirements Technology requirements are: –High position accuracy (~15cm, 3D, 95% confidence level) –High update rate for real-time-response –Moderate range –Low power –Simultaneous low bitrate telemetry –Low cost implementation Future 802.15.4 solutions enhanced with high- accuracy location capability seem well-suited Batty- Ubisense

73. July 2003 doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/266r0 Submission Slide 72IEEE 802.15.4 Interest Group a Leadership Contribution #13 Serdar Yurdakul (408) 399-7747 serdar@wisair.com Wisair http://www.wisair.com

74. July 2003 doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/266r0 Submission Slide 73IEEE 802.15.4 Interest Group a Leadership 802.15.4a and Synergistic Applications 802.15.4a applications focus on –Multiple sensors environment, localization and ranging, Smart IDs Synergy with High Bit-Rate applications –Multiple video streaming and Fast data transfer Combination of these applications and 802.15.4a will together provide enhanced capabilities and high value-add to such applications Yurdakul- Wisair

75. July 2003 doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/266r0 Submission Slide 74IEEE 802.15.4 Interest Group a Leadership Smart Remote Control Remote control with 802.15.4a capabilities Home theater systems supporting wireless streaming of Audio & Video Full-duplex communication between the remote controller and the home theater equipment –Display system status on the remote control –Display cover art of played media –Display media directory –Provide the user with the location of the remote control Yurdakul- Wisair

76. July 2003 doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/266r0 Submission Slide 75IEEE 802.15.4 Interest Group a Leadership Audio Sweet Spot Prime listening position for an audio system; the best seat in the house. The sweet spot is the listening position for which an audio system is optimized. Normally located halfway between the speakers and back 6 to 8 feet for a stereo audio system, the sweet spot is where optimal sound quality is encountered Yurdakul- Wisair

77. July 2003 doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/266r0 Submission Slide 76IEEE 802.15.4 Interest Group a Leadership Automatic Sweet Spot Calibration Automatically adjust speakers audio sweet spot The user carries an 802.15.4a Tag Both speakers and A/V Receiver have 802.15.4a and wireless streaming capabilities –Supports wireless audio and speaker localization A/V Receiver measures the location of the user and of the speakers A/V Receiver dynamically adjust the audio sweet spot to be centered at the user location Yurdakul- Wisair

78. July 2003 doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/266r0 Submission Slide 77IEEE 802.15.4 Interest Group a Leadership Media Redirection User carries a Smart Tag Receiver identifies user location Based on user location (room) media (Video and Audio) is dynamically redirected to nearby display An example: –Mr. & Mrs. Smith are watching a TV program in the living room –Video is being transmitted wirelessly from their STB –The couple goes out of the living room –Living room TV turns off automatically –The couple enters their bedroom –Bedroom TV turns on automatically and the right video stream is broadcasted to it Yurdakul- Wisair

79. July 2003 doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/266r0 Submission Slide 78IEEE 802.15.4 Interest Group a Leadership Personalized / Secured Content Data Hotspot is located at public locations like subway stations User carrying an 802.15.4a TAG and a Notebook/PDA is identified by the hot spot The TAG contains user content preferences and subscription information Based on the TAG information data is being fast downloaded to the users Notebook / PDA Yurdakul- Wisair

80. July 2003 doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/266r0 Submission Slide 79IEEE 802.15.4 Interest Group a Leadership Gaming - 3D view User is using wireless video glasses to view the game display Glasses include a combination 802.15.4a & wireless video capabilities Video is transferred wirelessly to enable free user movement Game computer / box measures the headset location and direction Based on localization, the graphics display changes dynamically Similar concept is used for Head-Up Display (HUD) in combat aircrafts Yurdakul- Wisair

81. July 2003 doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/266r0 Submission Slide 80IEEE 802.15.4 Interest Group a Leadership Conclusions Interoperability between high bit-rate wireless technologies and 802.15.4a technology will enable more applications and increase the market size of both technologies 802.15.4a can be built into various high bandwidth wireless products where interoperability can be developed and included in the end products Many other future markets and products segments will want to see such combination of technologies Yurdakul- Wisair

82. July 2003 doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/266r0 Submission Slide 81IEEE 802.15.4 Interest Group a Leadership Contribution #14 Richard Nowakowski (312) 746-9257 rnowakowski@cityofchicago.org City of Chicago Office of Emergency Management & Communications R&D

83. July 2003 doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/266r0 Submission Slide 82IEEE 802.15.4 Interest Group a Leadership Nowakowski- Chicago Location Technology Fire Fighter Mask acquires location using UWB Technology UWB transmits X-Y-Z coordinates via Motorola XTS 5000 to MW 520 MW 520 send info via Radio Data Network OEMC receives signal, queries Building database files and gets floor plan OEMC transmits digital floor plan back to MW 520 via Data Radio Network Motorola XTS 5000 receives image and sends it to Mask Display Image received on mask display and location is identified on map overlay

84. July 2003 doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/266r0 Submission Slide 83IEEE 802.15.4 Interest Group a Leadership Nowakowski- Chicago SCBA Bottle Volume Requirement SCBA sends signal to Mask Display indicating current bottle volume. SCBA Bottle Display on Mask

85. July 2003 doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/266r0 Submission Slide 84IEEE 802.15.4 Interest Group a Leadership Nowakowski- Chicago As the Fire Fighter traverses the floor plan his Motorola XTS 5000 Digital radio transmits a digital pulse signal displaying digital bread crumbs on the display map. Digital Routing

86. July 2003 doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/266r0 Submission Slide 85IEEE 802.15.4 Interest Group a Leadership Nowakowski- Chicago MW 520 sends query to OEMC database Acoustic Sensors capture Pulse, Respirations, and Heart Rate and then transmits through the Motorola XTS 5000 OEMC responds, sending results to command van and Fire Fighters HUD Acoustic Sensor Array Body Telemetry Monitors

87. July 2003 doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/266r0 Submission Slide 86IEEE 802.15.4 Interest Group a Leadership Nowakowski- Chicago Video Image Display Routing Floor Plans Body Telemetry SCBA Bottle Volume

88. July 2003 doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/266r0 Submission Slide 87IEEE 802.15.4 Interest Group a Leadership Nowakowski- Chicago OEMC receives signal, queries Building database and retrieves floor plan OEMC transmits digital floor plan back to Motorola XTS 5000 and/or Hand Held Device Police Officers UWB Enabled Portable/Hand Held Device Location Technology

89. July 2003 doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/266r0 Submission Slide 88IEEE 802.15.4 Interest Group a Leadership Nowakowski- Chicago Digital Routing As the Police Officer traverses the floor plan his Motorola XTS 5000 Digital radio transmits a digital pulse signal displaying digital bread crumbs on the display map.

90. July 2003 doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/266r0 Submission Slide 89IEEE 802.15.4 Interest Group a Leadership 802.15.4 Interest Group a Summary Formed in Nov 2002 to identify if interest exists in exploring an alternate PHY to provide extended capability to the 15.4 standard –To date, 160 subscribers to email list server 'stds-802-15-ig4a' Technical material presented to date identifies new features that can be offered by an alternate PHY –http://web.gat.com/photonics/uwb/images/pdf/wg_understanding.pdf This informal call for applications demonstrates significant interest and usage scenarios that can be addressed by an alternate PHY 15.4IGa leadership recommends transitioning to study group status –Move to create a Study Group for the purpose of generating an amendment PAR & 5C for an alternate PHY for 802.15.4-2003 Larry Taylor- ChairJason Ellis- Vice Chair