1. Goal 2 Part 5 Westward Expansion (1803-1853) Texas Annexation (1845) Mexican War(1846-1848)

2. VERY IMPORTANT INVENTIONS Charles Goodyear – Vulcanized rubber (wouldn’t freeze) _______________- telegraph Alexander Graham _____ – telephone Robert Fulton – ____________________ Eli Whitney – _________________________ * Inventions that made farming more profitable _____________– *___________* - rapidly encouraged Farmers (N and S) to seek land in the _____________!!!! (more efficient farming) Cyrus ____________ – ____________ (did more work than 5 farmers put together)

3. Manifest Destiny American agenda: Empire of Liberty (expanding across the continent) _______________________! Purpose: Expand Westward toward the (a)__________________ (b) __________________ Defending expansion (1)_______________________ (2)_______________________ (3)to take advantage of ___________________

5. EXPANSION 1803 - 1853 Land acquisition by either (1) ________ (2) _______ or (3) _______

6. Native Americans Fight back 1851 ________________________: – provided various N.A. groups land they can control (______________) – For Land = _____________! –American government claimed to NEVER attack….but they DID!!!)

7. ___________and ___________ Chief Joseph “__________” to go…many battles occur between the white man an the Nez Perce tribe (Idaho and Canada) “_______________________” - Chief Joseph (surrender speech)

8. Oregon Trail Why go West??? *Oregon Trail* - ______________(a religious family) sets up mission schools to spread religion (CONVERT Native Americans) - Letters home = ______________!!!

9. ___________ Migration - migrated on the Oregon Trail - started in ________under ________________ - People printed protests against polygamy - Smith burnt down the printing press / Smith jailed and killed in jail by an anti-Mormon mob. **MAIN REASON / MOTIVATION FOR THE MORMONS TO TRAVEL WEST ******“___________________________________”******* _________________– takes over after Smith’s death

10. ___________/ Resolving Territorial Disputes Rush-Bagot Treaty – Joint Occupation in Oregon between: _______________________ ***___________________________*** –(D) James K. Polk’s wanted the “_______” area of _________ to be annexed into the Union ***** _____________________________***** Polk’s SLOGAN for Oregon 54 40 – latitude *Land above 49 was deemed __________ __________________________________

11. Territorial Expansion / _____ __________/ ANNEXATION _______________ invites White Settlers –Purpose: for protection from ___________________ –Mexico in 1821 = Offered “_____” to U.S. settlers (Empresarios) –Terms: Americans get land – in turn – must abide by (1) ____________(NO SLAVERY) and (2) __________________ –______________________________– (Most famous Emprasario) - first white settler to lead others and take advantage of the opportunity! (leads 300!) RESULT: America got VERY excited about expanding into Mexico / now Texas! “Go to __________” posters everywhere (GTT) Previous Presidential Action: John Quincy Adams: offered $1 million to Mexico Andrew Jackson: offered $5 million MEXICAN RESPONSE: NO! (and starts to regret inviting White settlers)

12. TEXAS REVOLUTION:_________ Antonio ____________________President of Mexico –“Americans MUST obey laws!” Stephen F. Austin responds on the side of Texans! 1836 – Texans (white settlers) declare its independence from Mexico! Battle at the ________________ - Mexicans surround 187 American soldiers stationed in the old church known as the Alamo Result: All Americans died! (__________________) Result: _______________________

13. ____________________/ Texas Revolution / Battle of _________ _____________ (settler) VS. _______________ Houston – Commander of Texas Army “ _______________________________” –Battle cry remembering the Alamo battle –SAM HOUSTON (U.S.) VICTORY!!!!! (630 Mexican soldiers dead in 18 minutes) –Santa Anna signs the ****_______________**** which grants Texas independence from Mexico –Birth of the ____________________________ ***Victory at Battle of San Jacinto ends the Texas Revolution ! PROBLEM : ___________________________________________

14. Texas vs. U.S. Congress Topic / issue: _________________________ Problem: SLAVERY!!!!!!!!! ___________= opposed statehood & slavery (less power in Congress) ___________= supported statehood & slavery (more power in Congress) ___________= feared war with Mexico -Congressional response: TEXAS WILL NOT BE STATE, but will become the ****______________________ (leader: Sam Houston) Texas is granted statehood years later (1845) ___________________ reacts = ANGRY!!!!!!

15. ____________________________ (1846 – 1848) U.S. = border was ___________________ Mexico = border was _______________________ **Cause of War with Mexico = ___________________lead to the _____________________________ (1846-1848) (U.S. vs. Mexico) *Mexican War and Texas Revolution – two separate events BOUNDARIES

16. John Slidell and Zachary Taylor 1845 – President James K. Polk (The Expansionist President) wanted to ________________with Mexico First step – Polk sends John ______ to speak to Mexico about “border issue” Result: Mexico hated this gesture Second step – Polk sends ____________ to “blockade” the _________River Result: Mexico claims this is a violation!

17. “____________________” Stephen ______________ (“long marcher”) - ordered to march all the way to ______________ to help overthrow Mexican soldiers in the Mexican soldiers claimed California (same as in Texas issue) U.S. soldiers go to California = claims California belongs to America and Mexican soldiers back down Result: __________________________

18. What OFFICIALLY ends the Mexican War????? ****_______________________________****** (1) ENDS THE _______________________War (2) ____________ River will be the _______ between United States and Mexico (3) _____________ (established the southeastern part of U.S.) *$_________

19. ___________________ (__________) *******MAIN PURPOSE********** –To build a transcontinental ______ from __________________________ –Guidelines: Congress spent an additional _______ million for a small strip of land to in order to “______________________ __________________________”

20. Why go to California _____________!!!!! __________: people who go to California for gold in 1849 Impact of Gold Fever: __________ in cultures

21. What event in the early 1800s added “TENSION” between the North and South? A. The California Gold Rush B. Creation of the California Republic C. The Texas annexation D. The arrival of the Chinese immigrants

22. American Goals Goal / EventHow Achieved or PurposePos. or Neg. Effects Moving West Calming Native American & White Settler Relationship Christianizing Native Americans Mormon / Religious Freedom Occupying “full” Oregon Territory Texas Independence Texas Statehood Mexican Cession Gadsden Purchase

23. 1803-1853 Territorial Expansion Directions: –Rank AND defend each piece of land based on how beneficial it was to America. Your choices should honor given events, themes, and issues of the time they were acquired. PICK 1 as most beneficial and 1 as least beneficial. Put your thoughts on a separate sheet of paper –1803 Louisiana Purchase –1818 Rush-Bagot Treaty –1819 Adams-Onis Treaty –1845 Texas Annexation –1846 Oregon Territory –1848 Mexican Cession –1853 Gadsden Purchase

25. Territorial Expansion 1803-1853 1803 – Louisiana Purchase (PURCHASE / French) 1818 – Rush-Bagot Treaty (post-War of 1812) 1819 – Adams-Onis Treaty(TREATY / Spain) 1845 – Texas Annexation (WAR / Mexico) 1846 – Oregon Territory (TREATY / British) 1848 – Mexican Cession (TREATY / Mexico) 1853 – Gadsden Purchase (PURCHASE / Mexico)

26. Territorial Expansion Flipchart Objective: Assess the competing forces of expansionism and the effects on American culture. Goal 2: Expansion and reform (1803-1853) Group / 21 st Century Learning: Collaborate with partners to build your flipchart Each chart should include the following: (1)Title and Year (2)Drawn sketch of area (3)Effect on culture / What did America go through in order to annex the territory (bullet-form) (1) TITLE = Territorial Expansion (2) 1803 – Louisiana Purchase (3) 1818 – Rush-Bagot Treaty (4) 1819 – Adams-Onis Treaty (5) 1845 – Texas Annexation (6) 1846 – Oregon Territory (7) 1848 – Mexican Cession (8) 1853 – Gadsden Purchase