1. Topic 20 - Mitosis
Day 1

2. Bell Ringer (10 minutes)
Grab a Biology EOC Exam Preparation Bell Ringer
Provide a GIST of the Question.
Bubble your answer.
Explain why you believe is the correct answer.
BE PREPARED TO PARTICIPATE IN CLASS DISCUSSION.
After correcting, reflect on our answer.

3. Cell Division
Cell Cycle

4. What are we learning today?
Benchmark:
Objectives:
SC.912.L.16.6 – Describe the cell cycle, including the process of mitosis. Explain the role of mitosis in the formation of new cells and its importance in maintaining chromosome number during asexual reproduction.
SC.912.L.14.2 – Explain the relationship between mutation, cell cycle, and uncontrolled cell growth potentially resulting in cancer.
I will describe the role of chromosomes in cell division.
I will name and describe the main events of the cell cycle
I will explain how the cell cycle is regulated
I will describe how cancer cells are different from other cells

5. What is the essential question?
Why must a cell make a copy of the genetic information contained within its chromosomes before it divides?
What could happen if the cell is unable to check this copy?
Why must a cell make a copy of the genetic information contained within its chromosomes before it divides? What could happen if the cell is unable to check this copy? By copying the genetic information within the chromosomes, each new cell will receive a complete copy of genetic information, ensuring that it will function properly. If the cell is unable to check this copy, mutations, or error in the genetic information, could be passed down to the daughter cells,

6. Think About It When a living thing grows, what happens to its cells?
Does cell division stop when you are finished growing?
What role does cell division play in your life?
What is a major difference of prokaryotes and eukaryotes?
What is the function of a nucleus in the cell?

7. What is the role of chromosomes?
Chromosomes carry the genetic information that is passed on from one generation of cells to the next.
Every cell must copy its genetic information before cell division begins.
Chromosomes make it possible to separate DNA precisely during cell division.
Chromosomes is a library of genetic information. Each chromosome consists of one long strand of DNA wrapped around chunks of protein.

8. Where are chromosomes located?
Most prokaryotes contain a single, circular DNA molecule, or chromosome found in the cytoplasm.
In eukaryotic cells, chromosomes are located in the nucleus, and are made up of chromatin.
Chromatin is composed of DNA and histone proteins. DNA coils around histone proteins to form nucleosomes. The nucleosomes interact with one another to form coils and supercoils that make up chromosomes.

9. What is the cell cycle?
During the cell cycle, a cell grows, prepares for division, and divides to form two daughter cells.
Most prokaryotic cells begin to replicate, or copy, their DNA once they have grown to a certain size.
When DNA replication is complete, the cells divide through a process known as binary fission.
Binary fission is a form of asexual reproduction during which two genetically identical cells are produced.

10. What is the eukaryotic cell cycle?
The eukaryotic cell cycle consists of four phases:
Gap 1 or G1
Synthesis or S
Gap 2 or G2
Mitosis or M
The period of growth that consists of the G1, S, and G2 is called interphase
Period between cell divisions.
Much longer in time than mitosis.

11. What are the main events of the G1 phase?
Cell increases in size.
Cell synthesizes new proteins and organelles.

12. What are the main events of the S phase?
New DNA is synthesized when the chromosomes are replicated.
At the end of this phase the cell contains twice as much DNA as it did at the beginning.

13. What are the main events of the G2 phase?
Shortest of the three phases of interphase.
Many of the organelles and molecules required for cell division are produced.
At the end of this phase the cell is ready to divide.

14. What are the main events of the M phase?
In eukaryotes, cell division occurs in two stages: mitosis and cytokinesis.
Mitosis is the division of the cell nucleus.
Cytokinesis is the division of the cytoplasm.

15. How do cells regulate the cell cycle?
Cancer is a disorder in which some of the body’s cells lose the ability to control growth.
Checkpoints are biological stoplights telling the cell if it can safely go or when to stop and fix a problem.
G1 checkpoint makes sure the cell is large enough to enter the S phase.
G2 checkpoint makes sure the DNA is completely replicated, that replication errors have been repaired, and the cell is large enough to replicate.
M checkpoint make sure the chromosomes are aligned on the spindle ready for nuclear division.
Cells have several systems for interrupting the cell cycle if there is a problem.

16. Collaborative Activity: Le Tour de Cell Cycle
CELL CYCLE CAR RACE
Divide class into five groups.
Only one person is allowed to respond for each group.
All members of the group must participate at least once.
The first team to the finish line wins.
To the Teacher:

17. Collaborative Activity: Prefixes and Suffixes
INDEX CARD MEMORY GAME
Working with your partner, use the index cards provided to memorize the meanings of the prefixes and suffixes.
Play “Memory” with a partner. Show your partner one side of the index cards, and ask them to tell you what’s on the other side.
SMARTBOARD® MEMORY GAME
Turn over two cards. If the two cards consist of a prefix or suffix and its definition, your team gets a point, and take another turn.
If the two cards do not match, your team loses a turn.
Repeat step 3 until no cards remain on the table. The team with the most pairs wins.
To the Teacher: Distribute index cards. Pair students and give them 7-10 minutes to learn and practice the meaning of the prefixes and suffixes. Use Smartboard Game (click on link) to practice meanings even more.

18. What is the essential question?
Why must a cell make a copy of the genetic information contained within its chromosomes before it divides?
What could happen if the cell is unable to check this copy?
Why must a cell make a copy of the genetic information contained within its chromosomes before it divides? What could happen if the cell is unable to check this copy? By copying the genetic information within the chromosomes, each new cell will receive a complete copy of genetic information, ensuring that it will function properly. If the cell is unable to check this copy, mutations, or error in the genetic information, could be passed down to the daughter cells,

19. ADD HOME LEARNING HERE
Home Learning
“The same people who never did their homework in high school are still doing that to this very day out in the real world.“
by Jules Shear

20. Topic 20 - Mitosis
Day 2

21. Bell Ringer (10 minutes)
Grab a Biology EOC Exam Preparation Bell Ringer
Provide a GIST of the Question.
Bubble your answer.
Explain why you believe is the correct answer.
BE PREPARED TO PARTICIPATE IN CLASS DISCUSSION.
After correcting, reflect on our answer.

22. Cell Division
Mitosis

23. What are we learning today?
Benchmark:
Objectives:
SC.912.L.16.6 – Describe the cell cycle, including the process of mitosis. Explain the role of mitosis in the formation of new cells and its importance in maintaining chromosome number during asexual reproduction.
I will describe what happens during the four phases of mitosis.
I will describe the process of cytokinesis

24. What is the essential question?
Why must a cell make a copy of the genetic information contained within its chromosomes before it divides?
What could happen if the cell is unable to check this copy?
Why must a cell make a copy of the genetic information contained within its chromosomes before it divides? What could happen if the cell is unable to check this copy? By copying the genetic information within the chromosomes, each new cell will receive a complete copy of genetic information, ensuring that it will function properly. If the cell is unable to check this copy, mutations, or error in the genetic information, could be passed down to the daughter cells,

25. Think About It When a living thing grows, what happens to its cells?
Imagine a cell with four chromosomes.
What must happen before the cell divides?
Now that each chromosome has just replicated, what happens next?
So, the cell divided.
What’s wrong with this picture?

26. What are some important cell structures involved in mitosis?
Chromosome: Package of DNA containing genetic information
Chromatid: each strand of a duplicated chromosome
Centromere: the area where each pair of chromatids is joined
Centrioles: tiny structures located in the cytoplasm of animal cells that help organize the spindle
Spindle: a fanlike microtubule structure that helps separate the chromatids

27. GIZMO LOG-IN (5 mins) Go to www.explorelearning.com
Click on ENROLL IN A CLASS (top right tab)
Enter CLASS CODE:
Click CONTINUE
Between the 2 choices, select the GREEN
Complete the personal information
Password Format:
Student ID as Username and Password or
Firstname Lastname (ie. DavidTorado )
If you have an account with Valdes…password

28. What are the main events of prophase?
First phase of mitosis.
Chromatin condense into chromosomes.

29. What are the main events of prophase?
First phase of mitosis.
Chromatin condense into chromosomes.
Centrioles move to opposite sides of nucleus.

30. What are the main events of prophase?
First phase of mitosis.
Chromatin condense into chromosomes.
Centrioles move to opposite sides of nucleus.
Spindle forms.
DNA strands attach at a point called their centromere.

31. What are the main events of prophase?
First phase of mitosis.
Chromatin condense into chromosomes.
Centrioles move to opposite sides of nucleus.
Spindle forms.
DNA strands attach at a point called their centromere.
Nucleolus disappears
Nuclear envelope breaks down.

32. What are the main events of metaphase?
Second phase of mitosis.
Centromeres of the duplicated chromosomes line up across the center of the cell.

33. What are the main events of metaphase?
Second phase of mitosis.
Centromeres of the duplicated chromosomes line up across the center of the cell.
Each chromosome is connected to spindle fiber at its centromere.

34. What are the main events of anaphase?
Third phase of mitosis.
Sister chromatids separate into individual chromosomes.

35. What are the main events of anaphase?
Third phase of mitosis.
Sister chromatids separate into individual chromosomes.
Chromosomes separate into two groups near the poles of the spindle.

36. What are the main events of telophase?
Fourth and final phase of mitosis.
Chromosomes spread out into a tangle of chromatin.

37. What are the main events of telophase?
Fourth and final phase of mitosis.
Chromosomes spread out into a tangle of chromatin.
A nuclear envelope re-forms around each cluster of chromosomes.

38. What are the main events of telophase?
Fourth and final phase of mitosis.
Chromosomes spread out into a tangle of chromatin.
A nuclear envelope re-forms around each cluster of chromosomes.
The spindle breaks apart.
A nucleolus becomes visible in each daughter nucleus.

39. What is cytokinesis? Cytokinesis is the division of the cytoplasm.
Cytokinesis completes the process of cell division by splitting one cell into two.
The process of cytokinesis is different in animal and plant cells.

40. What is cytokinesis? Animal Cells Plant Cells
The cell membrane is drawn in until the cytoplasm is pinched into two equal parts.
Each part contains its own nucleus and organelles.
In plants, the cell membrane is not flexible enough to draw inward because of the rigid cell wall.
Instead, a cell plate forms between the divided nuclei that develops into cell membranes.
A cell wall then forms in between the two new membranes.

41. What are the stages of the cell cycle?

42. ADD HOME LEARNING HERE
Home Learning
“The same people who never did their homework in high school are still doing that to this very day out in the real world.“
by Jules Shear

43. Topic 20 - Mitosis
Day 3

44. Bell Ringer (10 minutes)
Grab a Biology EOC Exam Preparation Bell Ringer
Provide a GIST of the Question.
Bubble your answer.
Explain why you believe is the correct answer.
BE PREPARED TO PARTICIPATE IN CLASS DISCUSSION.
After correcting, reflect on our answer.

45. Cell Division
Mitosis

46. What are we learning today?
Benchmark:
Objectives:
SC.912.L.16.6 – Describe the cell cycle, including the process of mitosis. Explain the role of mitosis in the formation of new cells and its importance in maintaining chromosome number during asexual reproduction.
SC.912.L.14.2 – Explain the relationship between mutation, cell cycle, and uncontrolled cell growth potentially resulting in cancer.
I will describe the role of chromosomes in cell division.
I will name and describe the main events of the cell cycle
I will explain how the cell cycle is regulated
I will describe how cancer cells are different from other cells

47. What is the essential question?
Why must a cell make a copy of the genetic information contained within its chromosomes before it divides?
What could happen if the cell is unable to check this copy?
Why must a cell make a copy of the genetic information contained within its chromosomes before it divides? What could happen if the cell is unable to check this copy? By copying the genetic information within the chromosomes, each new cell will receive a complete copy of genetic information, ensuring that it will function properly. If the cell is unable to check this copy, mutations, or error in the genetic information, could be passed down to the daughter cells,

48. What are some important cell structures involved in mitosis?
Chromosome: Package of DNA containing genetic information
Chromatid: each strand of a duplicated chromosome
Centromere: the area where each pair of chromatids is joined
Centrioles: tiny structures located in the cytoplasm of animal cells that help organize the spindle
Spindle: a fanlike microtubule structure that helps separate the chromatids

49. What are some important facts about mitosis?
Mitosis is a phase of the cell cycle where the nucleus of a cell divides into two nuclei.
Takes place in somatic, or body cells.
Maintains the number of chromosomes.
Results in two diploid, genetically identical daughter cells.
Does not increase genetic diversity
Used by many prokaryotes and protists as a form of reproduction (binary fission).

50. ADD HOME LEARNING HERE
Home Learning
“The same people who never did their homework in high school are still doing that to this very day out in the real world.“
by Jules Shear