1. DAY 2 Part I: Review Part II: Task Part III: Feedback and Suggestions

2. Before We Start: Quick Review 1. Enter the name of the process you want to describe. 2. Define what kind of process it is. 3. Identify major participants in the overall process. 4. Identify the major substeps in the process. 5. Define each substep. 6. Specify the ordering among the substeps. 7. Define the role of major participants in each step. Component: Penetrate Virus-Invades-Cell Action Virus Cell Attach Penetrate Release Move agent object Plasma-membrane has-part subevent agent “A virus invades a cell in the following way. First, the virus adheres to the cell membrane. It penetrates the membrane and enters the cell cytoplasm. Enzymes in the cytoplasm uncoat the virus, releasing the viral DNA, which then moves into the cell nucleus.”

3. A Few Comments Draw (and read) arrows begin to end Hidden does not mean deleted Do not drop events into entities and viceversa Be cautious before you click: no deletions!

4. Reading the Graph Virus-Invades-Cell Action VirusCell Attach Penetrate Release Move agent object Plasma-membrane has-part subevent agent

5. Before We Start: A Few More Things that SHAKEN Knows About –Penetrate –Move –Attach –Release –Detach –Transcribe –Make-Contact –Break-Contact –Move (also used above) –(and many more) –Virus –Cell, membrane, cytoplasm, nucleus –DNA, RNA –Enzyme –RNA-Polymerase –Promoter –Terminator –(and many more)

6. Transcribe (English) Move along an information-bearing object making a copy of its information.

7. Transcribe (definition, contd.) Required slot: object Restriction: an information-bearing object Required slot: result Restriction: a Tangible-Entity that expresses the same information as the object Primary slot: agent Restriction: causes object to be transcribed Primary slot: source Restriction: a Place Primary slot: destination Restriction: a Place Example: “chapters 2 through 6 of the book were transcribed” object = “the book” source = “chapter 2” ; destination = “chapter 6”

8. Transcribe (graph) Yolanda: This graph will be confusing. The “direct object of the change” should be “object” or “the entity that’s transcribed”.

9. Make-Contact (English) Definition: Two objects come into contact resulting in the objects touching. Two cases: –symmetric objects, such as billiard balls –asymmetric objects, such as a fist and a wall SHAKEN uses Make-Contact for both senses of the term

10. Make-Contact (definition) Required slot: object Restriction: a Tangible-Entity Primary slot: destination Restriction: a Tangible-Entity –Examples: “two cars collided in the parking lot” (symmetric case) a Make-Contact with object = “the two cars” “the ball hit the windshield” (asymmetric case) a Make-Contact with object = the ball and destination = the windshield

11. Make-Contact (graph) Yolanda: again, I’m having trouble with The cmap versions of the components. This One should have the relation object (because It’s a required slot) and offer the SME access To destination and the other primary slots. What to do for now? I suggest using the Graph on the next slide.

12. Make-Contact (graph) Make-Contact Tangible-entityTangible-Entity object Make-Contact Tangible-entityTangible-Entity object destination Symmetric caseAsymmetric case Yolanda: these 2 cmaps could be combined, if you’d like. The combined Version would have 3 arcs from Make-Contact, labeled object, object, and destination. The filler for each relation would be a Tangible-Entity.

13. Break-Contact (English) Two objects that are touching at a location cease to be in contact.

14. Break-Contact (definition) Definition: two objects cease contact resulting in the objects no longer touching Required slot: object Restriction: exactly 2 Tangible-Entities Primary slot: location Restriction: Place Primary slot: agent Restriction: causes object’s to Break-Contact

15. Break-Contact (graph) Yolanda: Oops, I think this Cmap is wrong. Break-Contact terminates the Be-Touching State; it doesn’t create it. I’ll draw a new graph On the next slide

16. Break-Contact Tangible-Entity object

17. Move (English) Change an object’s location Yolanda: we changed (simplified) the scenario to use Move, not Move-Through. So, you can (re-)use the Definition and cmap for Move that you used for the Virus-Invades-Cell scenario. Note that Move-Through Is a Move with a path specified. So, when you re-show The Move spec, point out the path slot.

18. Yolanda: Art and I suggest that you omit the next set of slides, I.e. the ones that show: RNA, RNA-Polymerase, Promoter, Terminator, DNA, and Enzyme. The content of these components, as shown in the graphs, is vacuous. (Art is working On “real” versions.) Furthermore, the scenario does not need any of the details shown In the graphs. However, the scenario does need one detail that’s NOT in the graphs, namely: (every DNA has (region ((a Promoter) (a Gene) (a Terminator)))) Graphically, you might show this for DNA: DNA Promoter Gene Terminator region

19. RNA (graph)

20. RNA-Polymerase (graph)

21. Promoter (graph)

22. Terminator (graph)

23. DNA (definition) A very, very, very simple one: location: a place

24. DNA (graph)

25. Enzyme (definition) A very, very, very simple one: has-part: amino-acid has-part: carboxy-terminal-end has-part: amino-terminal-end location: a place

26. Enzyme (graph)

27. Your Task Today: Teach SHAKEN about RNA Transcription RNA polymerase collides with the DNA at some random site. It slides rapidly along the DNA until it encounters a promoter. At that point, it transcribes the DNA until reaching the terminator. Then, the polymerase releases the newly transcribed mRNA and detaches from the DNA.

28. Your Task Today This task should take a few hours (1 or 2?) –You don’t have to hurry, speed is not important When is it done: –When you are satisfied with SHAKEN’s answers –When SHAKEN reports no errors Try to figure out how to do things instead of asking us a question If you really do not know how to proceed, please ask us –Forgive us if we give you just a hint. –Using that hint, try to figure out how to proceed. –Ask for more help if you still cannot figure it out.

29. Questionnaire and Feedback