1. Seismic interferometry-by- deconvolution for controlled-source and passive data Kees Wapenaar, Joost van der Neut, Elmer Ruigrok, Deyan Draganov, Juerg Hunzicker, Evert Slob, Jan Thorbecke 70 th annual EAGE meeting June 11, 2008 Rome

2. Review of seismic interferometry by cross-correlation Seismic interferometry by deconvolution Introduction Theory Controlled-source data (‘virtual source’) Passive data (surface wave retrieval) Passive data (transmission-to-reflection) Theory (revisited) Conclusions Contents

3. Review of seismic interferometry by cross-correlation Seismic interferometry by deconvolution Introduction Theory Controlled-source data (‘virtual source’) Passive data (surface wave retrieval) Passive data (transmission-to-reflection) Theory (revisited) Conclusions Contents

4. Seismic interferometry by cross-correlation

6. Uncorrelated noise sources

7. target virtual source Cross-correlation Seismic interferometry by cross-correlation

8. Summary: The correlation function is in a specific way related to the Green’s function e.g. Seismic interferometry by cross-correlation

9. Properties: Requires no knowledge about sources and medium Trace-by-trace process Sources on closed surface (except on free surface) Sensitive to irregular source distribution Medium is assumed lossless

10. Review of seismic interferometry by cross-correlation Seismic interferometry by deconvolution Introduction Theory Controlled-source data (‘virtual source’) Passive data (surface wave retrieval) Passive data (transmission-to-reflection) Theory (revisited) Conclusions Contents

11. Correlation approach:

12. Deconvolution approach:

13. Correlation approach: Deconvolution approach: data

14. Correlation approach: Deconvolution approach: Correlation function Deconvolution function data

15. Wapenaar and Verschuur, 1996, Delphi Amundsen, 1999, SEG, Wapenaar et al., 2000, SEG Holvik and Amundsen, 2005, Geophysics Schuster et al., 2006, Geophysics Seismic interferometry by deconvolution target (reservoir) Reflection response R + Upgoing wavefield P - Downgoing wavefield P +

16. OBC example (1996) Seismic interferometry by deconvolution

17. Review of seismic interferometry by cross-correlation Seismic interferometry by deconvolution Introduction Theory Controlled-source data (‘virtual source’) Passive data (surface wave retrieval) Passive data (transmission-to-reflection) Theory (revisited) Conclusions Contents

18. Correlation approach: Deconvolution approach:

19. Correlation approach: Deconvolution approach:

20. Correlation approach: Deconvolution approach:

21. Correlation approach: Deconvolution approach:

22. Review of seismic interferometry by cross-correlation Seismic interferometry by deconvolution Introduction Theory Controlled-source data (‘virtual source’) Passive data (surface wave retrieval) Passive data (transmission-to-reflection) Theory (revisited) Conclusions Contents

23. van der Neut et al., Thursday 14:55 P272

24. black = directly modeled red = retrieved Cross-Correlation PP reflection

25. Deconvolution black = directly modeled red = retrieved PP reflection

26. Cross-Correlation directly modeled retrieved black = directly modeled red = retrieved PP reflection

27. directly modeled retrieved Deconvolution black = directly modeled red = retrieved PP reflection

28. black = directly modeled red = retrieved PS reflection Cross-Correlation

29. black = directly modeled red = retrieved PS reflection Deconvolution

30. directly modeled retrieved Cross-Correlation black = directly modeled red = retrieved PS reflection

31. directly modeled retrieved Deconvolution black = directly modeled red = retrieved PS reflection

32. Review of seismic interferometry by cross-correlation Seismic interferometry by deconvolution Introduction Theory Controlled-source data (‘virtual source’) Passive data (surface wave retrieval) Passive data (transmission-to-reflection) Theory (revisited) Conclusions Contents

33. USArray

38. Cross-correlation

39. Deconvolution

40. Review of seismic interferometry by cross-correlation Seismic interferometry by deconvolution Introduction Theory Controlled-source data (‘virtual source’) Passive data (surface wave retrieval) Passive data (transmission-to-reflection) Theory (revisited) Conclusions Contents

41. ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ 1 … 26 … 51

42. ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ 1 … 26 … 51

43. ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ 1 … 26 … 51

44. ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ 1 … 26 … 51 with

45. ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ 1 … 26 … 51 with

46. ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ 1 … 26 … 51 with

47. ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ 1 … 26 … 51 with

48. (a) Correlation t (s) Cross-correlation

49. t (s) (b) Deconvolution Deconvolution

50. Ground Truth:Cross-correlation:

51. Ground Truth:Deconvolution:

52. Review of seismic interferometry by cross-correlation Seismic interferometry by deconvolution Introduction Theory Controlled-source data (‘virtual source’) Passive data (surface wave retrieval) Passive data (transmission-to-reflection) Theory (revisited) Conclusions Contents

53. Correlation approach: Deconvolution approach: The correlation function and the deconvolution function are each in a specific way related to the Green’s function

54. Correlation approach: Deconvolution approach:

55. Correlation approach: Deconvolution approach:

56. Review of seismic interferometry by cross-correlation Seismic interferometry by deconvolution Introduction Theory Controlled-source data (‘virtual source’) Passive data (surface wave retrieval) Passive data (transmission-to-reflection) Theory (revisited) Conclusions Contents

57. Seismic interferometry by cross-correlation Requires no knowledge about sources and medium Trace-by-trace process Seismic interferometry by deconvolution Requires no knowledge about sources and medium Can deal with one-sided illumination Irregular source distribution Dissipation allowed (e.g. CSEM)

59. 59 CSEM by deconvolution (Slob et al.) 2D TM-examples for shallow and deep sea Blue curves: no reservoir Red curves: with reservoir

60. 60 Electric field Magnetic field

61. 61 Down going Up going

62. 62 Deconvolved result not dependent on sea depth

63. CSEM by deconvolution Solve: and are decomposed diffusion fields. Correlation method not applicable

64. 64 Numerical example: Seabed Logging in shallow sea overburden effect 2D TM-examples for receivers in horizontal well Blue curves: no reservoir Red curves: with reservoir

65. 65 Electric field Magnetic field

66. 66 Down going Up going

67. 67 Deconvolved result not dependent on overburden

69. Random source distribution 100 sources + 20 in cluster A + 30 in cluster B Center freq of wavelet: 20 Hz Dispersion 10 21 receivers in array 1 21 receivers in array 2

72. Correlation approach: Deconvolution approach:

73. ‘Virtual source’ by cross-correlation Evaluate: ‘Virtual source’ by deconvolution Solve: Cross-correlation method is an approximation of deconvolution method

74. Conclusions Correlation method: trace-by-trace process Deconvolution method: Regular receiver grid Irregular source distribution Dissipation allowed