2. STUDENT LEARNING OUTCOMES 1.Describe emerging trends and technologies that will affect the Internet. 2.Describe emerging technologies for physiological interaction with technology. 3.Describe technological innovations for portability and mobility. 4.Describe emerging trends of cell phones and RFID as they relate to the wireless environment. McGraw-Hill© 2007 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

3. THE FUTURE: TECHNOLOGY OUT, PRINGLES IN You can build a wireless antenna with a Pringles can (empty of course) You can use it to connect to wireless networks that don’t have security Two-thirds of London’s financial district wireless networks were connected to this way McGraw-Hill© 2007 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

4. THE FUTURE: TECHNOLOGY OUT, PRINGLES IN Technology is changing rapidly The face of technology is changing – now you can use a Pringles can for an antenna The future is unknown but will be fun Biochips CAVEs Biometrics Many other technological advances McGraw-Hill© 2007 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

5. INTRODUCTION McGraw-Hill© 2007 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

6. THE CHANGING INTERNET Software-as-a-service (SaaS) Push, not pull, technologies and personalization (much more than this…) Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) Note: not so new to me….Dave McGraw-Hill© 2007 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

7. Software-as-a-Service Software-as-a-service (SaaS) – delivery model for software in which you pay for software on a pay-per-use basis instead of buying the software outright Use any device anywhere to do anything Pay a small fee and store files on the Web Access those files later with your “regular” computer Makes use of an application service provider McGraw-Hill© 2007 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

8. Software-as-a-Service Application service provider (ASP) – supplies software applications (and other services such as maintenance, file storage, etc) over the Internet that would otherwise reside on customers’ computers Now, mainly limited to business applications Future, personal ASPs renting software to you McGraw-Hill© 2007 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

9. Software-as-a-Service McGraw-Hill© 2007 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Service Oriented Architectures (SOA) – New way developers look to create applications. They look for modules that may be reused either within the company or sold to others. E.g. a Web-based credit card checking program.

10. Push, Not Pull, Technologies and Personalization Be careful about the use of these terms…they are outdated. However: We live in a “pull” environment That is, you visit Web sites and request information, products, and services The future is a “push” environment Push technology – environment in which businesses come to you with information, services, and product offerings based on your profile McGraw-Hill© 2007 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

11. Push, Not Pull, Technologies and Personalization McGraw-Hill© 2007 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Is it really a push or a pull when you talk about Web 2.0? What is viral computing? What does it mean to have a “social presence” on the Internet?

12. Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) – allows you to send voice communications over the Internet and avoid the toll charges that you would normally receive from your long distance carrier Catching on quickly in the business world A little slower in the personal world Is this new? How does Apple view the world? Is it just voice or full multimedia? McGraw-Hill© 2007 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

13. PHYSIOLOGICAL INTERACTION Now, you use keyboards, mice, and the like These are physical interfaces Physiological interfaces will actually capture and use your real body characteristics Voice Iris scan Brain waves Special glasses (eye wear) McGraw-Hill© 2007 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

14. Automatic Speech Recognition Automatic speech recognition (ASR) – not only captures spoken words but also distinguishes word groupings to form sentences Becoming more a reality everyday Office XP and 2003 have ASR built in Real systems costs $800-$1500 McGraw-Hill© 2007 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

15. ASR 3 Step Process 1.Feature analysis – captures words and converts them into phonemes (syllables) 2.Pattern classification – matches phonemes to words in an acoustic model database 3.Language processing – makes sense of what you’re saying by choosing the best words McGraw-Hill© 2007 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

16. Virtual Reality Virtual reality – three-dimensional computer simulation in which you actively and physically participate Uses 3 unique devices Glove Headset Walker McGraw-Hill© 2007 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

17. Virtual Reality Devices Glove – input device; captures movement and strength of your hands and fingers Headset (head-mounted display) – I/O device; captures your head movement; screen covers your field of vision Walker – input device; captures movement of your feet as you walk or turn McGraw-Hill© 2007 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

18. Virtual Reality Applications Matsushita – design your own virtual kitchen Volvo – demonstrate car safety features Airlines – train pilots for adverse weather conditions Motorola – train assembly line workers Health care – train doctors in surgery on virtual cadavers McGraw-Hill© 2007 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

19. Cave Automatic Virtual Environment Cave automatic virtual environment (CAVE) – special 3-D virtual reality room that can display images of people and objects in other CAVEs These are holographic devices Holographic device – creates, captures, and/or displays images in 3-D form Interesting, but what is REALLY happening. SecondLife Kaneva World of Warcraft McGraw-Hill© 2007 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

20. SecondLife Benefits Visit friends and family without getting on an airplane Customer service – geography and weather conditions are no longer constraints Changes in interpersonal dynamics Changes in the educational paradigms McGraw-Hill© 2007 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

21. Biometrics Biometrics – the use of physiological characteristics – fingerprint, iris, voice sound, and even breath – to provide identification The use of your keyboard typing style can be used as a unique identifier Lands End has used biometric algorithms to create a custom-fitting clothing market McGraw-Hill© 2007 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

22. Custom Clothes with Biometrics McGraw-Hill© 2007 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

23. Biometric Security Best security is 3-step What you know (password) What you have (card of some sort) Who you are (biometric) Today’s systems (ATMs for example) use only the first two One reason why identity theft is so high McGraw-Hill© 2007 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

24. Integrating Biometrics with Transaction Processing TPS – captures events of a transaction Biometric processing transactions may capture information about you, perhaps… Weight loss Pregnancy Use of drugs Alcohol level Vitamin deficiencies McGraw-Hill© 2007 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

25. Integrating Biometrics with Transaction Processing McGraw-Hill© 2007 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

26. Other Biometric Devices Biochip – chip that can perform physiological functions when inserted into the human body Implant chip – microchip implanted into the human body that stores information about you and can be used for tracking (GPS) Family of 4 in Florida already have them Facial recognition software – provides identification by evaluating facial characteristics We’ll discuss these in a later chapter! McGraw-Hill© 2007 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

27. INCREASING PORTABILITY AND MOBILITY Portability – how easy it is to carry around technology Mobility – what you can do with portable technologies Digital cash Wearable computers Multi-state CPUs Holographic storage devices McGraw-Hill© 2007 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

28. THE WIRELESS ARENA Provides tremendous mobility Will dramatically change everything The next generation of cell phone technology RFID *Key Topic – to be discussed at length later!!! McGraw-Hill© 2007 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

29. Next Generation Cell Phones iPhones and beyond What do you think these devices will do for you in the near future? McGraw-Hill© 2007 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

30. Next Generation Cell Phones Mobisodes – short one-minute video clips of TV shows designed for viewing on a small cell phone screen Nonsense – a real problem with envisioning the future! (Teacher’s comment) McGraw-Hill© 2007 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

31. Next Generation Cell Phones There is a downside Cell phones = next great playground for hackers and virus attacks No good anti-virus software for cell phones right now A cell phone can track you at anytime/anyplace. Government agencies know exactly where you are at any moment. Good? Bad? McGraw-Hill© 2007 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

32. RFID RFID (radio frequency identification) – uses a chip in a tag or label to store information, and information is transmitted from, or written to, the tag or label when the chip is exposed to the correct frequency of radio waves Wal-Mart is always in the business news about its requirement that all suppliers use RFID on products McGraw-Hill© 2007 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

33. RFID Common RFID is passive No battery power Antenna absorbs radio waves and stores as energy When enough energy is stored, the chip is “jolted” to life and information transmissions occur McGraw-Hill© 2007 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

34. RFID McGraw-Hill© 2007 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

35. RFID Applications Exxon/Mobil Speedpass – wave key ring at reader instead of swiping card Anti-theft car keys Library book tracking (the Vatican does it) Livestock tracking Supply chain – most applications are here Passports – coming to the U.S. in 2007 Human tracking McGraw-Hill© 2007 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

36. RFID Future (is now) Each and every product with have an RFID tag Uniquely identifies each product Expiration date Places traveled Check-out in supermarkets is instantaneous Every baby will have one implanted to prevent theft In Spain, young people volunteer to have them implanted to get into clubs (to prove age) Today, you can get an RFID implant for your pet Benefits/Problems? McGraw-Hill© 2007 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

37. IMPORTANT CONSIDERATIONS Is technology necessary? What about the “have-nots” I.e., what is the digital divide Technology for the betterment of society (is this so?) Exchanging privacy for convenience (do you care?) Ethics, ethics, ethics McGraw-Hill© 2007 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.