1. Study Guide for Final Exam What Smart Students Know

2. What’s my purpose for reading this? You know WHY you are reading You know what you are looking for

3. What do I already know about this topic? Starts the process of generating questions Makes you aware of what you know and don’t know Puts you on the look-out for new information Provides practice in resourceful thinking It acts as a review It makes you the authority

4. What’s the Big Picture? Find the following Main ideas and themes Important terms and concepts Overall organization

5. What’s the Author Going to Say Next? This helps you interact with the text It helps you anticipate what is coming…makes it a game…

6. What are the Expert Questions? What is this made of? How can this be identified? What process causes this? Where is this usually found? What can I tell about the history of this?

7. Orientation Questions… What is the definition of this? What is an example of this? What are the different types of this? What is this related to? What can this be compared with?

8. What Questions Does This Raise For Me? Be aware of the questions that come into your mind. Who, what, when, where, why and how…

9. What Information is Important Here? 80/20 rule…AKA Pareto’s Principle In reading… Beginning and end Anything emphasized graphically The gist of a chart or a diagram The chapter summary

10. In a lecture… Beginning and end Anything that goes on the board Anything your teacher repeats, emphasizes, stresses Your teachers use of language How your teacher responds to ?s or comments from the class Your thoughts, reactions, questions Anything said after a pause, takes a long time to say, is hard to explain

11. Anything your teacher covers that is not in the book (or disagrees with) Whether she concentrates on details or the big picture If she refers to previously covered material Questions your teacher raises but does not answer Anything in handouts

12. How Can I Paraphrase and Summarize This Information? Use your own words Use few words Main ideas Important details Anything in pictures/colored ink

13. How Can I Organize This Information Group and regroup Similarities and differences What items depend on each other How do they compare in terms of orientation and expert questions

14. How Can I Picture This Information Use techniques to emphasize relationships Be creative but not too creative Don’t use traditional outlines Don’t rely on book’s or teacher’s pictures--- CREATE YOUR OWN You can’t make everything visual…try anyway

15. What’s My Hook for Remembering this Information? Hooks (mnemonics) Pictures Patterns Rhymes Stories

16. Keys Understand it Create a “hook” Link it Don’t bite off more than you can chew Get emotionally involved Engage as many senses as possible Smell the roses Sleep on it Use it or lose it Quiz yourself periodically

17. How Does This Information Fit with What I Already Know? Connect this information with something you already know Condense your notes, handouts into a one page summary sheet

18. Test Rehearsal Size up the exam…what Where are the questions from Is it cumulative Main ideas, themes, details?? Factual or analytical Choice of questions? What level of expertise is required Essay or multiple choice

19. How… Ask your teacher Review previous exams Ask someone who has already taken the class Look at lecture notes Attend any review sessions Skim over anything your teacher has written

20. Get overview Review previous exams Look at your original notes Answer expert and orientation questions Condense your summary sheet Reconstruct the summary sheet from memory

21. Test Taking  Don’t be afraid to ask for help if you get stuck  Take the questions at face value-do not try to look for hidden meaning  Read all choices on M.C. exams, don’t just pick the first one you see that might be right.  Essay-1 st Paragraph = most important  2 nd Paragraph=2 nd most important

22. On an essay exam…if your are REALLY stuck…replace the question with one you CAN answer…just don’t try this very often!! NEVER, NEVER leave a question blank!

23. Tips To Help You Next Week Put the question into your own words…this might jog your memory If you get stuck…move on…your suconcious will continue to work on it while you work on other questions Try to visualize where in the book (or in your notes) the info is Write something-ANYTHING-other ideas may spring to mind

24. Think of a related question Examine the wording for clues… If you don’t know the exact answer, put down an approximation If you don’t know what something IS, try writing what it ISN’T If you run short on time…Write “SHORT ON TIME” and answer in an outline

25. M.C. and T/F Look for words like all, not, always, some, often few, never Do not read between the lines Read the ?-anticipate the answer-then find it in the choices you have Use process of elimination Read every choice Skip it but come back if you do

26. Good Luck On Finals!! Turn in your book before you leave today… Bring your study guide/outline to the final!!