1. The American Revolution was the political upheaval during the last half of the 18th century in which thirteen colonies in North America joined together to break free from the British Empire, combining to become the United States of America. A

2. The Boston Tea Party was a key event in the growth of the American Revolution. B

3. Checks and balances, or the separation of powers, is based upon the philosophy of Baron de Montesquieau. C

4. The United States Declaration of Independence is a statement adopted by the Continental Congress on July 4, 1776, which announced that the thirteen American colonies then at war with Great Britain were now independent states, and thus no longer a part of the British Empire. D

5. The Eighth Amendment (Amendment VIII) to the United States Constitution is the part of the United States Bill of Rights which prohibits the federal government from imposing excessive bail,excessive fines or cruel and unusual punishments. E

6. Federalism is a political concept in which a group of members are bound together by covenant Latin feuds, covenant with a governing representative head. F

7. The California Gold Rush (1848–1855) began slowly on January 24, 1848, when gold was found by James W. Marshall at Sutter's Mill, in Coloma, California. G

8. The United States House of Representatives is one of the two Houses of the United States Congress, the bicameral legislature which also includes the Senate. H

9. Independence Day, commonly known as the Fourth of July, is a federal holiday in the United States commemorating the adoption of the Declaration of Independence on July 4, 1776, declaring independence from the Kingdom of Great Britain. I

10. Judicial review is the doctrine under which legislative and executive actions are subject to review, and possible invalidation, by the judiciary. J

11. The Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions (or Resolves) were political statements drafted in 1798 and 1799, in which the Kentucky and Virginia legislatures took the position that the federal Alien and Sedition Acts were unconstitutional. K

12. Legislative Branch consists of the House of Representatives and the Senate, which together form the United States Congress. L

13. The Middle East is a region that encompasses Western Asia and North Africa. M

14. In the past, the term "national bank" has been used synonymously with "central bank", but it is no longer used in this sense today. N

15. The Oregon Trail is a 2,000-mile (3,200 km) historic east-west wagon route that connected the Missouri River to valleys in Oregon and locations in between. It flourished from the 1840s until the coming of the railroad at the end of the 1860s. O

16. A political party is a political organization that typically seeks to influence government policy, usually by nominating their own candidates and trying to seat them in political office. P

17. The Quebec Act of 1774 was an Act of the Parliament of Great Britain (citation 14 Geo. III c. 83) setting procedures of governance in the Province of Quebec. Q

18. A rebel is a participant in a rebellion; or more generally, an individual who resists authority or control. R

19. The Stamp Act of 1765 (short title Duties in American Colonies Act 1765; 5 George III, c. 12) was a direct tax imposed by the British Parliament specifically on the colonies of British America. S

20. The Tea Act was an Act of Parliament of the Parliament of Great Britain to expand the British East India Company's monopoly on the tea trade to all British Colonies, selling excess tea at a reduced price. T

21. The United States of America (also referred to as the United States, the U.S., the USA, or America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district. U

22. "Virginia Plain" is a song by British glam rock group Roxy Music, released as their debut single in August 1972. v

23. The War of 1812 was a military conflict fought between the forces of the United States of America and those of the British Empire, including those of present-day Canada. W

24. Three French agents, publicly referred to as X, Y, and Z, but later revealed as Jean Conrad Hottinguer, Pierre Bellamy and Lucien Hauteval, demanded major concessions from the United States as a condition for continuing bilateral peace negotiations. X

25. The Siege of Yorktown, Battle of Yorktown, or Surrender of Yorktown in 1781 was a decisive victory by a combined assault of American forces led by General George Washington and French forces led by the Comte de Rochambeau over a British Army commanded by Lieutenant General Lord Cornwallis. Y

26. Z