1. 0 OWL-S: Brief Overview David Martin SRI International Chair, OWL-S Coalition Co-chair, Semantic Web Services Language Committee DARPA Distribution Statement A: Approved for Public Release, Distribution Unlimited

2. Ontolog Forum; Oct. 20, 2005 1 David Martin: OWL-S Overview What is OWL-S? Ontology Web Language for Services Under development since early 2001 An OWL ontology for (formally) describing properties and capabilities of Web services Plus a large body of work about using the ontology: tools, components, algorithms, extensions An approach that draws on many sources Description logic, AI planning, Workflow, Formal process modeling, Agents, Web services, … Ties in with Web services (WSDL, UDDI) http://www.daml.org/services/owl-s

3. Ontolog Forum; Oct. 20, 2005 2 David Martin: OWL-S Overview Contributors to OWL-S (partial list) BBN: Mark Burstein CMU: Katia Sycara, Massimo Paolucci, Naveen Srinivasan De Montfort University: Monika Solanki Maryland / College Park: Bijan Parsia, Evren Sirin NIST: Craig Schlenoff Nokia: Ora Lassila SRI: David Martin Stanford KSL: Deb McGuiness Southampton: Terry Payne Univ. of Toronto: Sheila McIlraith USC-ISI: Jerry Hobbs Yale: Drew McDermott

4. Ontolog Forum; Oct. 20, 2005 3 David Martin: OWL-S Overview High-Level Objectives Automation of service use by software agents Ideal: full-fledged use of services never before encountered Enable reasoning/planning about services e.g., On-the-fly composition Build on both Semantic Web and Web services Comprehensive framework supporting the entire lifecycle of service management tasks Discovery, selection, composition, invocation, monitoring,.. Integrated use with information resources Ease of use (for users and developers) Powerful tools

5. Ontolog Forum; Oct. 20, 2005 4 David Martin: OWL-S Overview Layered Approach to Language Development SWRL (Rules) XML (Extensible Markup Language) RDF (Resource Description Framework) RDFS (RDF Schema) OWL ([DLP], Light, DL, Full) OWL-S (Services) OWL-S: an ontology expressed in OWL and related languages

6. Ontolog Forum; Oct. 20, 2005 5 David Martin: OWL-S Overview Upper Ontology of Services Ontology images compliments of Terry Payne, University of Southampton

7. Ontolog Forum; Oct. 20, 2005 6 David Martin: OWL-S Overview High-level characterization/summary of a service Used for Populating service registries A service can have many profiles Automated service discovery Service selection (matchmaking) One can derive: Service advertisements Service requests Service Profile: What does it do?

8. Ontolog Forum; Oct. 20, 2005 7 David Martin: OWL-S Overview Service Profile

9. Ontolog Forum; Oct. 20, 2005 8 David Martin: OWL-S Overview Class hierarchical yellow pages – Implicit capability characterization – Arrangement of attributes on class hierarchy – Can use multiple inheritance – Relies primarily on non-functional properties Process summaries for planning purposes – More explicit – Inputs, outputs, preconditions, effects – Less reliance on formal hierarchical organization – Summarizes process model specs – Relies primarily on functional description Service Profile: Styles of use

10. Ontolog Forum; Oct. 20, 2005 9 David Martin: OWL-S Overview Upper Ontology of Services

11. Ontolog Forum; Oct. 20, 2005 10 David Martin: OWL-S Overview Process Model

12. Ontolog Forum; Oct. 20, 2005 11 David Martin: OWL-S Overview Service Model How does it work? Process – Interpretable description of service providers behavior – Tells service user how and when to interact (read/write messages) & Process control – Ontology of process state; supports status queries – (stubbed out at present) Used for: – Service invocation, planning/composition, interoperation, monitoring All processes have – Inputs, outputs, preconditions and effects – Function/dataflow metaphor; action/process metaphor Composite processes – Control flow – Data flow Surface syntax recently made available Process Model: How does it work?

13. Ontolog Forum; Oct. 20, 2005 12 David Martin: OWL-S Overview www.acmetravel.com book travel service www.acmeair.com book flight service customer name flight numbers dates credit card no.... confirmation no.... failure notification errror information … ? www.acmehotel.com book hotel service confirmation no. dates room type credit card no.... confirmation no.... failure notification … ? www.acmecar.com book car service customer name location car type dates credit card no.... confirmation no.... failure notification … ? Process of Processes ? Input & Preconditions Output & Effects

14. Ontolog Forum; Oct. 20, 2005 13 David Martin: OWL-S Overview Upper Ontology of Services Ontology images compliments of Terry Payne, University of Southampton

15. Ontolog Forum; Oct. 20, 2005 14 David Martin: OWL-S Overview Service Grounding: How to access it Implementation specific Message formatting, transport mechanisms, protocols, serializations of types Service Model + Grounding give everything needed for using the service Builds upon WSDL

16. Ontolog Forum; Oct. 20, 2005 15 David Martin: OWL-S Overview OWL-S / WSDL Grounding Resources/Concepts WSDL OWL-S Process Model Atomic Process Operation Message Inputs / Outputs Binding to SOAP, HTTP, etc.

17. Ontolog Forum; Oct. 20, 2005 16 David Martin: OWL-S Overview OWL-S / WSDL Grounding (contd)

18. Ontolog Forum; Oct. 20, 2005 17 David Martin: OWL-S Overview Some Applications of OWL-S IBM – Provide OWL-S API as part of SNOBASE Semantic Web tool – http://www.alphaworks.ibm.com/tech/snobase – Use OWL-S for enhanced semantic UDDI SAP – Use OWL-S for automatic composition of services to manage border control Toshiba – Use OWL-S in publicly available UDDI at NTT (Main Japanese UDDI) Fujitsu – OWL-S used in Task Computing Project; planned for production in 2005 – http://www.taskcomputing.org/ NIST, DCS, TARDEC – Use OWL-S to describe capabilities of Autonomous Vehicles MyGrid – Use OWL-S to describe Bioinformatics Web services on the Grid – http://www.mygrid.org.uk/ AgentCities – OWL-S used for discovery of new agents – http://www.agentcities.org/

19. Ontolog Forum; Oct. 20, 2005 18 David Martin: OWL-S Overview Some Areas of Work Building on OWL-S Architecture / components – Virtual machine – Libraries – Brokering – Mediation – Ontology management (meta-)services Algorithms / tools – Development Editors, WSDL2OWLS, BPEL2OWLS, BPEL augmentations – Discovery & Selection – Composition – UML-based design/generation Ontology extensions Security Policy Quality of Service Domain-specific extensions Semantic Grid applications Alternate groundings SWSF

20. Ontolog Forum; Oct. 20, 2005 19 David Martin: OWL-S Overview Summary & Status Describes what it does, how it works, how to access it – Profile, Process, Grounding subontologies Ties in fairly naturally with WSDL, UDDI Additional semantics supports – Automation of various Web service tasks – Varied applications W3C member submission – http://www.w3.org/Submission/2004/07/ http://www.w3.org/Submission/2004/07/ 1.1 release finalized 1.2 release planned this year Publications, tools, examples – See http;//www.daml.org/services/owl-s/ – ISWC, WWW, ICSOC conferences (and workshops) Additional material (including FLOWS, WSMO, WSDL-S) here: – W3C Workshop on Frameworks for Semantics in Web Services – http://www.w3.org/2005/01/ws-swsf-cfp.html http://www.w3.org/2005/01/ws-swsf-cfp.html