1. 3rd Integral Bart Work Shop Chocerady - November 1-3, 2004 1 Patrizia Ferrero GRB Too observations in Loiano Patrizia Ferrero (IASF-BO, OACT & Universita’ di Teramo)

2. Patrizia Ferrero 3rd Integral Bart Work Shop Chocerady - November 1-3, 20042 Our collaboration Patrizia Ferrero (IASF-BO, OACT & Universita’ di Teramo) Corrado Bartolini, Adriano Guarnieri, Adalberto Piccioni (Universita’ di Bologna) Graziella Pizzichini (IASF-BO)

3. Patrizia Ferrero 3rd Integral Bart Work Shop Chocerady - November 1-3, 20043 The 152 cm telescope in Loiano The 152 cm Cassini telescope of the Bologna Astronomical Observatory is located in Loiano, about 40 Km south of Bologna. The location is Lat. 44d 15’ 30’’ N, Long. 11d 20’ 12’’ E, altitude 785 m a.s.l.. General description of the 152 cm telescope Optical configuration : Ritchey-Chretien Mount Type : English Total weight : 9000 Kg Main concave mirror : total diameter : 152.4 cm useful diameter: 150.0 cm focal ratio F/3 Secondary mirror : total diameter: 58.0 cm useful diameter 55.5 cm Mirror distance : 308.7 cm Cassegrain Focus : equivalent focal length: 1200 cm equivalent focal ratio: F/8 scale :17"/mm useful corrected field: 70' We use the Cassini Telescope equipped with the BFOSC (Bologna Faint Object Spectrograph & Camera) to acquire CCD frames. The detector is an EEV CCD with an array of 1300x1340 pixels and its main features are: quantum efficiency: 80% @ 500 nm, 32% @ 900 nm, >50% @ 300 nm; pixel size: 20x20 micron; pixel scale: 0.58 arcsec/pixel; field of view: 12.6’x13’; read-out noise: 1.73 e-/px; conversion factor: 2.13 e-/ADU. At present UBVRI Johnson-Kron-Cousin and GRZI Thuan-Gunn filters can be mounted.

4. Patrizia Ferrero 3rd Integral Bart Work Shop Chocerady - November 1-3, 20044 Summary of our observational activity in Loiano From mid-2001 to October 2004, it was possible to observe 18 Gamma-Ray Burst locations. In this period the GRB events were more than 18, but our observations are limited by:  bad weather;  GRB coordinates: in order to avoid telescope optics stress, we cannot observe the objects which have Declination less than -10 degrees;  GRB error boxes: we don’t analyse error boxes which are greater than about 40’ x 30’;

5. Patrizia Ferrero 3rd Integral Bart Work Shop Chocerady - November 1-3, 20045  target of opportunity program: every semestr we have six nights to observe GRB locations and these observations have to be compatible with the scheduled ones and the telescope instruments (BFOSC). We had positive detections (i.e. we detected the optical afterglow) for GRB 020813, 021004, 030226, 030328, 030329, 030418, 041006 and positive detections (i.e. we detected the optical afterglow) for GRB 020813, 021004, 030226, 030328, 030329, 030418, 041006 and negative detections for GRB 020317, 020812, 020819, 030217, 030227, 030324, 030418, 040422, 040624, 040825a and 040825b. negative detections for GRB 020317, 020812, 020819, 030217, 030227, 030324, 030418, 040422, 040624, 040825a and 040825b.

6. Patrizia Ferrero 3rd Integral Bart Work Shop Chocerady - November 1-3, 20046 Images’ Analysis To reduce our images and do photometry, we use IRAF: Image Reduction and Analysis Facility IRAF: Image Reduction and Analysis Facility while to astrometrize GAIA: Graphical Astronomy and Image Analysis Tool GAIA: Graphical Astronomy and Image Analysis Tool

7. Patrizia Ferrero 3rd Integral Bart Work Shop Chocerady - November 1-3, 20047 GCNs* which include our observations *The GRB Coordinates Network (http://gcn.gsfc.nasa.gov/)

8. Patrizia Ferrero 3rd Integral Bart Work Shop Chocerady - November 1-3, 20048 And now some examples of our observations and results...

9. Patrizia Ferrero 3rd Integral Bart Work Shop Chocerady - November 1-3, 20049 GRB040825a N E  R.A.= 22h 58m 59s and Declination= -10d 56’ 01’’ (center of the error box)  Mean time of observations: August 26.035 UT, 21.336 hours after the GRB  Magnitude limit Rc=19.5: our limit is the first in Rc filter  GCN 2664  In GCN 2661 Tristram et al. reported R(similar to Ic)=21.1

10. Patrizia Ferrero 3rd Integral Bart Work Shop Chocerady - November 1-3, 200410 GRB040825b N E  R.A.=22h 46m 34s and Declination=-02d 24’ 27’’ (center of error box)  R.A.= 22h 46m 40s and Declination= -02d 21’ 42’’ (center of our 1st subfield of the error box)  R.A.= 22h 46m 38s and Declination= -02d 28’ (center of our 2nd subfield of the error box)  Mean Time of observations: August 25.975 UT, 7.050 hours after the GRB  Magnitude limit Rc=19.5  GCN 2663

11. Patrizia Ferrero 3rd Integral Bart Work Shop Chocerady - November 1-3, 200411 GRB030418 N E  Mean Time of observations: April OT: R.A.= 10h 54m 34s and Declination= -07d 01’ 40’’  18.85411 UT, 10.5219 hours after the GRB  OT magnitude Rc=20.5+/- 0.3, Rc=20.7+/-0.3 & Ic=19.8 +/-0.2  GCN 2284

12. Patrizia Ferrero 3rd Integral Bart Work Shop Chocerady - November 1-3, 200412 GRB030328 N E  OT: R.A.= 12h 10m 48s and Declination= -09d 20’ 51’’  Mean Time of observations: March 28.93889 UT, 11.184 hours after the GRB  OT magnitude Rc=20.32 +/- 0.10 & Rc=20.30+/-0.08  GCN 2008

13. Patrizia Ferrero 3rd Integral Bart Work Shop Chocerady - November 1-3, 200413 GRB030226 N E  OT: R.A.= 11h 33m 05s and Declination= 25d 53’ 56’’  Mean Time of observations: February 27.160718 UT, 20.484 hours after the GRB  OT magnitude Rc=19.9+/ 0.1, Ic=19.6+/-0.2, V=20.50 +/-0.05, B=21.44+/-0.10  GCN 1892 1940

14. Patrizia Ferrero 3rd Integral Bart Work Shop Chocerady - November 1-3, 200414 GRB021004 N E  OT: R.A.= 00h 26m 55s and Declination= 18d 55’ 41’’  Mean Time of observations: October 6.05294 UT & 7.90313 UT, respectively 37.1674 and 81.5712 hours after the GRB  OT magnitude Rc=19.69+/ 0.13, Ic=19.3+/-0.2, V=19.99 +/-0.12, B=20.63+/-0.13  GCN 1603

15. Patrizia Ferrero 3rd Integral Bart Work Shop Chocerady - November 1-3, 200415 The Future...... Hete-2 and Integral satellites are expected to continue their activity of detection of gamma ray bursts, while the imminent launch of Swift should lead to almost 1 GRB/day with a faster localization of the optical afterglow due to the on board telescope, which can automatically re-point toward the burst direction, and a more intense observational activity of all observatories, Loiano included.

16. Patrizia Ferrero 3rd Integral Bart Work Shop Chocerady - November 1-3, 200416 The end.