1. Human Anatomy and Physiology II Lab Life Sciences 241 L

2. Objectives Syllabus Lab 1 - Cardiovascular system (Heart) –Anatomical orientation –Composition of cardiovascular system and position of the heart –Layers of the heart –Heart chambers, valves, and vessels –Flow of Blood Through the Heart

3. Course Guideline Outline of labs Texts required Attendance Grading policy

4. Cardiovascular System Heart Anatomy Lab 1

5. Anatomical orientation Anatomical Planes –frontal (coronal), sagital, transverse Proximal vs distal Anterior vs posterior Superior vs inferior Medial vs lateral Superfical vs deep Ipsilateral vs contralateral

6. Anatomical Planes

7. Proximal vs Distal Anterior vs Posterior Superior vs Inferior Proximal Distal Posterior Anterior Superior Inferior

8. Medial vs Lateral Superficial vs Deep Ipsilateral vs Contralateral Medial Lateral Deep Superficial IpsilateralContralateral

9. The cardiovascular system Heart Blood vessels –arteries –veins –capillaries Blood

10. Anatomical Position of the Heart What organs or tissues are around the heart? –Anterior? –Posterior? –Left? –Right? –Superior? –Inferior?

11. Anatomical Position of the Heart

12. Layers of the Heart Superficial Deep

13. Layers of the Heart Endocardium –deepest layer of the heart –smooth lining to reduce friction of bloodflow Myocardium –middle layer of the heart –location of muscle fibers responsible for pumping Pericardium –outer protective layer –composed of : –visceral pericardium –paricardial cavity –parietal pericardium

14. Cardiac Chambers Right Ventricle Right Atrium Left Atrium Left Ventricle

15. Heart Chambers Atriums –Receives blood from veins –Empties blood into ventricles through the AV valves. –Smaller, sac-like chambers of the heart Ventricles –Receives blood from atriums through AV valves –Pumps blood away from heart through the semilunar valves. –Large, muscular chambers of the heart.

16. Blood Vessels Connected to the Heart Aorta Pulmonary arteries Pulmonary viens Superior Vena Cava Inferior Vena Cava

17. Blood Vessels Connected to the Heart Superior Vena Cava –collects deoxygenated blood from upper body and delivers it to right atrium Inferior Vena Cava –collects deoxygenated blood from lower body and delivers it to right atrium Aorta –carries oxygenated blood from the left ventricle to the rest of the body Systematic circuit

18. Blood Vessels Connected to the Heart Pulmonary arteries –carries deoxygenated blood to the lungs from the right ventricle Pulmonary veins –carries oxygenated blood from the lungs to the left atrium Pulmonary circuit

19. Valves Pulmonary semilunar valve Aortic semilunar valve Left AV (bicuspid) valve Right AV (tricuspid) valve Chordai tendineae Papillary muscle

20. Valves of the Heart Right AV (Tricuspid) –separates the right atrium from the right ventricle. Prevents backflow into atrium. Left AV (Bicuspid) –separates the left atrium from the left ventricle. Prevents backflow into atrium. Pulmonary valve –separates the right ventricle from the pulmonary arteries. Prevents backflow after ventricular contraction. Aortic valve –separates the left ventricle from the aorta. Prevents backflow after ventricular contraction. Atrioventricular valves Semilunar valves

21. Heart Valve

22. Blood Flow Through the Heart

23. Summary Introduction Anatomical Orientation Cardiovascular System Heart Anatomy Blood Flow through the Heart Take home assignment Next week - Blood Vessels