1. EE-REG Kyoto 2013 Framing the Carpathians for Regional Environmental Cooperation Simon Gaberell University of Geneva Department of Geography and Environment

2. The Carpathians A Biodiversity hotspot in CEE Carpathian Convention

3. Framing the Carpathians for REC Two interrelated modalities... 1. Scaling the Carpathian mountain range 2. Framing Regional Environmental Cooperation around the Carpathians

4. Scaling the Carpathians A matter of identification/definition and delimitation Many Carpathians, but also many mountains

5. 1. Scaling mountains Putting mountains on the global agenda Reaching a global definition: unity Kapos et al. (2000), UNEP-WCMC

6. 1. Scaling mountains From global to European scale European Massifs: diversity ESPON (2011), GEOSPECS, University of Geneva

7. 1. Scaling mountains From European to the Carpathians Scale Towards a delimitation for the Carpathian Convention Implementing an international mountain convention. (2006). European Academy of Bolzano

8. 1. Scaling mountains Mountain, a political object Mountains definition/delimitation depends on agendas: Scale and Actors matters

9. Framing the CREC 1. Framing the Carpathian mountain range? 2. Framing Regional Environmental Cooperation around the Carpathians? 1.Spatial Framing 2.Argumentative Framing 3.Institutional Framing

10. 2. Framing REC around the Carpathians The Ecoregional Approach from WWF A network of Protected Areas Carpathian Ecoregional Initiative. (2001). WWF

11. 2. Framing REC around the Carpathians Problem solving or Opportunities creating? UNEP, Ukraine and the EU: Making the Carpathian Convention Carpathian Environment Outlook. (2007). UNEP

12. 2. Framing REC around the Carpathians EU Commission and macro-regional strategies A strategic Action Plan for the Carpathians Vision and Strategies for the Carpathian Area. (2009).

13. 2. Framing REC around the Carpathians Driven by international actors From Conservation to SD Beyond mountains Framings/ Initiatives Scaling SpatialArgumentativeInstitutionnal CERI (1998) Ecoregion Network of PAsConservation WWF-DCPO Network of local and subregional actors Convention (2003) Mountain Range Negotiated/ No formal Delimitation Conservation and SD UNEP-ROE International Treaty Macro-Regional strategies (2009) Macro-Region Carpathian Space Sustainable Development EU Commission / ISCC Action Plan

14. Conclusion Framing mountains, as specific objects for environmental cooperation? or... Framing mountains regions, as territorial laboratories for coordinated sustainable development policies?

15. Conclusion Thanks!!