1. Mapping Internet Governance By Kenneth Neil Cukier The Economist

2. It was bad. Source: John December, 1994, CyberMap Landmarks (from Atlas of Cyberspace)

3. More helpful. Source: Donna Cox & Robert Patterson, NCSA 1992 (Also from Atlas of Cyberspace)

4. Question: How do you “map” the landscape of policy issues -- Governance! -- where the “infrastructure” is even less tangible and more abstract?

5. This and the following two slides from Diplo Foundation, 2004.

8. This sucks!

9. Mapping Internet Governance What is Internet governance? How is it done today? What are some of the problems? What are some of the proposed solutions? What might work best? How can we conceptualize the “space”?

10. Jon Postel, 1943-1998

11. What is Internet governance? Content versus carriage (what is transported (versus how it works) MP3 : DNS Control from top-down or bottom-up (centralized or decentralized networks and thus policy) telecoms : internet ____________________________________ ICANN

13. How is it done today? Cyberspace v. Sovereignty UK RIP, US PATRIOT, The Great Firewall of China, etc. WTO, OECD, UNCITRAL, etc. ICANN (DOC, previously DOD/NSF & academia and industry)

15. What are some of the problems? Developing countries object (want forum) Industrializing nations object (want more influence) Western countries reluctant (wary if unilateral power, want multilateralism) ____________________________________ US relinquishes direct power -- provided private sector to ensure internet innovation

16. Source: i-dns.net

17. What are some of the proposed solutions? Give it to the UN Keep things as they are with US in control Find a “third-way”: (is it really an either/or situation?) ___________________________________ World Summit on the Info. Soc. (Nov 2005)

18. What might work best? Multi-stakeholder approach where power is shared but no one entity is in control. (eg: government, industry, civil society, etc. ) One model: “global financial architecture”

19. How can we conceptualize the Internet Governance “space”?

20. The Seven Layers of Communications Architecture Thus: A “layered” model to Internet Governance…? 7 -- Application 6 -- Presentation 5 -- Session 4 -- Transport 3 -- Network 2 -- Data Link 1 -- Physical

21. The Network Layers Model Economic Application Presentation Session Transport Network Link Physical Political You are here! Popular t-shirt worn by Internet engineers at IETF meetings in the 1990s

22. This and the following two slides from: D. MacLean 2004

25. Yet it can still be cloudy! Source: Milton Mueller, 2004

26. Source: Tom Vest of Packet Clearing House, 2004.

27. The Geography of Internet Address Space Source: Martin Dodge and Narushige Shiode, 1998 (From Atlas of Cyberspace)

28. IP address space allocation distribution by country From: Jacques H.J. Bourgeois, Jacques Crémer, and Pierre Marsal, 2003.

29. Before we need our King Solomons and Tallyrands… We need our Edward Tuftes and Martin Dodges!

30. The persistence of governance and law in the face of science and tech- nology… US Customs form Apollo 11 (1969) From: the moon

31. KennethCukier@Economist.com Thank you