1. U.S. History EOCT test
Unit 3 Preparation

2. SSUSH 6

3. 6a
Explain the Northwest Ordinance’s importance in the westward migration of Americans, and on slavery, public education, and the addition of new states.

4. Essential Questions
How did the Northwest Territory impact westward migration of Americans?
How did the Northwest Territory impact slavery?
How did the Northwest Territory impact Public Education?
How did the Northwest Territory impact the addition of new states?

5. Essential Question
How did the Northwest Territory impact westward migration of Americans?

6. Northwest Territory States fought over this land area for ownership.
Gave land claims to the U.S. government.
Congress passes 2 laws to control development and settlement.

7. Land Ordinance of 1785
Establishes definite boundary lines so there would be no confusion over land ownership.
Surveyed the land to sale to citizens to populate.

8. Cheap Affordable Land Answer to essential question:
Since the land was divided and sold cheaply – for $1, citizens in the United States could afford the land. They moved (migrated) in to the territory after buying the land and settled communities.

9. Essential Question
3. How did the Northwest Territory impact public education?

10. Public Education
One Township was sold off to finance and support public education.
Townships encouraged to establish public schools.

11. Financing Public Education
Answer to essential question #3:
One section was sold to finance public education.

12. Essential Question
4. How did the Northwest Territory impact the addition of new states?

13. Northwest Ordinance of 1787
Established process that territories could use to become a state.
Set up temp gov’t.
5,000 people elect rep. to legislature.
60,000 could apply for statehood.

14. Process (Steps) to be added as a State
Answer to essential question #4:
Territories that wanted to be added as a state had to follow the steps outlined in the Northwest Ordinance. As new territories (such as Missouri, Maine, Oregon, and California) wanted to be added they had to get the population, adopt a constitution, and elect representative, etc.

15. Essential Question
2. How did the Northwest Territory impact slavery?

16. Northwest Ordinance effect on Slavery
Outlawed slavery in the Northwest Territory.
Settlers guaranteed freedom of Religion, freedom of speech, and other rights.

17. Northwest Ordinance effect on Slavery
Answer to Essential Question # 2:
Outlawed slavery in the Northwest Territory.
Settlers guaranteed freedom of Religion, freedom of speech, and other rights.

18. 6b
Describe Jefferson’s diplomacy in obtaining the Louisiana Purchase from France and the territory’s exploration by Lewis and Clarke.

19. Thomas Jefferson
Wanted to buy
Access to Mississippi
River (New Orleans)

21. Jefferson’s conflict
Thomas Jefferson really wanted to buy the Louisiana Purchase but….
He had argued a Strict interpretation of the U.S. Constitution as a philosophy.
This just meant that the U.S. Constitution’s language did not expressly say that he, as president, could purchase property.
The opportunity to buy challenged his strict constructionist viewpoint.

22. Examples Non-Examples
Characteristics
Definition
A political opinion that an individual should interpret (understand) the Constitution for what is actually stated.
Literal interpretation of words by what is actually written.
Face value of words actually written.
Strict Constructionist :
Examples
Non-Examples
Mr. Howell says that you can’t
Go the snack machine during instruction
Time.
Reading between the lines.
Accepting implied reasoning for phrases and clauses.
You argue to Mr. Howell that the Teacher was not teaching at the time that you visited the snack machine.
Broad Constructionist
“Elastic Clause” Necessary & Proper Clause

23. Jefferson Submits and Buys
Thomas Jefferson purchased the territory because he believed it would benefit all Americans despite his personal interpretation of the U.S. Constitution.
The land purchase doubles the land area of the United States.
He paid $15 million.

24. Thomas Jefferson
President that purchased the Louisiana Territory from France
Increased U.S. size two times Larger
Mississippi to Rocky Mountains
--- Purchased
from
Napoleon

28. Lewis & Clarke Expedition
Corps of discovery
initiated by Thomas Jefferson
16-month expedition
charted the trails west, mapped rivers and mountain ranges,
collected samples of unfamiliar animals and plants,
and recorded facts and figures about the various Native American tribes west of the Mississippi River

32. 6c
Explain the major reasons for the War of 1812 and the war’s significance on the development of a national Identity.

34. British Policy of Impressment
Causes War of 1812
British trade restrictions between U.S. & France; seized Neutral commercial vessels
British Policy of Impressment
Inciting Native Americans and Arming them to stop American expansion
British in Ohio River Valley & would not leave; Americans wanted Canada

35. Tensions Existed after the Revolutionary War
History
Tensions Existed after the Revolutionary War

36. Interruption of Trade
Great Britain blockades ships out of the sea area in the Atlantic entering near France.
Neutral vessels had to report To British Ports to get a license to trade in Europe.
This Disrupted American Trade.
Americans were angry.

37. Impressment
The British would capture American Commercial ships that did not report to British ports and get a license.
As Punishment – Americans were Conscripted “forced against their will” into the British Navy.
This is called IMPRESSMENT

38. British in Ohio River Valley
The British still occupied the territory considered to belong to the Americans around the Northwest Territory, or Ohio River Valley.
The British refused to leave this area and attempted have an influence there.
Many believed the British were inciting the Native Americans to attack American property and citizens.

39. Manifest Destiny Competition in the Fur Trade.
Manifest Destiny (Expansionist sentiment by War hawks).
Some Members of Congress called War Hawks were driven by expansionist ideas and manifest Destiny and declared war in order to get new lands for the U.S.

40. British Impressment War of 1812 British in Northwest Territory
British Inciting (Arming) Native Americans
British Interrupting U.S. Trade with Europe
Competition in the Fur Trade
Manifest Destiny

42. Commodore William Bainbridge
Commodore Stephen Decatur

43. Treaty of Ghent
Ends the War of 1812

44. Battle of New Orleans
Fought after the Treaty of Ghent and the official end of the War of 1812
General Andrew Jackson and his troops defeat the British at New Orleans

46. Results of War of 1812
Andrew Jackson becomes national hero for winning Battle of New Orleans.
Americans experience an increased feeling of national Pride. Refer to themselves as “Americans”

47. PROUD TO BE AMERICAN! National Identity
All Across the United States citizens were proud that the country was strong enough to defeat the British army and Navy once More.
PROUD TO BE AMERICAN!

48. 6d
Describe the construction of the Erie Canal, the rise of New York City, and the development of the nation’s infrastructure.

49. Why was the Erie Canal Built?
Essential Question
Why was the Erie Canal Built?

50. American System Henry Clay Goal was to unite the Nation
Protective Tariff to protect N.E. manufactures
2nd Bank of the U.S. to issue a National Currency
Internal improvements / roads and bridges built to connect the Nation / Erie Canal connecting Great lakes to Hudson River

52. 2. What was the significance of the construction of the Erie Canal?
Essential Question
2. What was the significance of the construction of the Erie Canal?

53. Erie Canal
Canal that connects the Great lakes with the Atlantic Ocean and Buffalo with Albany, NY.
This was the most spectacular engineering project of the young U.S.

57. Importance of Erie Canal
Canal connected east to west U.S. and provided faster route westward.
New York rises to become the major entrance point to the United States.
The Hudson River was used to connect to the Erie Canal.
New immigrants could find their way to the frontier by way of the River and the Canal.

58. 3. How did New York City rise after the building of the Erie Canal?
Essential Question
3. How did New York City rise after the building of the Erie Canal?

59. Importance of Erie Canal
Canal connected east to west U.S. and provided faster route westward.
New York rises to become the major entrance point to the United States.
The Hudson River was used to connect to the Erie Canal.
New immigrants could find their way to the frontier by way of the River and the Canal.

60. Major Economic & Trade Point
Because goods going to the west from Europe had to pass through New York City many financial matters took place there.
Any goods coming from the west going to Europe had to come through New York City as well.

61. New York City Became Great Economic Center
Center of Trade between Europe & Western U.S.
Banking & Commercial Activities

62. Essential Question
4. How did the building of the Erie Canal improve the nation’s infrastructure?

63. Goods & People Move West
The Erie Canal joined the East coast of the U.S. (Atlantic Ocean) to the Great Lakes region.
Allowed goods and people to travel west easier.

65. Mississippi River Basin / West
Connects
Mississippi River Basin / West
Erie Canal
Atlantic Ocean

66. Continuous water route from the Atlantic Ocean to the Great Lakes.

68. Immigrants Enter at Ellis Island New York City

71. New York become a bustling City

73. Describe the reasons for and the importance of the Monroe Doctrine.

74. “Era of Good Feelings”
After war of 1812, nationalism growing, one political party in power – Republican.
President James Monroe

75. Monroe Doctrine
a U.S. doctrine which proclaimed that European powers should no longer Colonize or interfere with the affairs of the nations of the Americas.

77. Warned Europe to stay out of Western Hemisphere

79. Western Hemisphere

81. SSUSH 7

82. 7a
Explain the impact of the Industrial Revolution as seen in Eli Whitney’s invention of the cotton gin and his development of interchangeable parts for muskets.

83. Industrial Revolution

85. Industrial Revolution
A time when advances in technology led to massive economic changes.
Factories using mechanization increase.
Transform Manufacturing

86. Eli Whitney - Muskets Interchangeable Parts
Increased and improved Northern Manufacturing
Started making more Muskets.
More factories used the idea of interchangeable parts to increase technology of products.

87. Eli Whitney Cotton Gin Increased need for slaves in the South
Increased production of cotton in the south.

88. Sectionalism
Eli Whitney contributed to the economic splitting of the United States in two sections of the country.

89. North One based on Manufacturing Supported Tariffs
Opposed spread of Slavery west

90. South Based on agriculture. Based on Institution of Slavery.
Opposed Tariffs.
Supported spread of slavery west.

91. Sectionalism North South Manufacturing Wanted Tariffs Opposed Slavery
Stop spread of slavery to western states
Agriculture
Opposed Tariffs
Protected Slavery
Spread slavery to western states

92. Sectionalism Manufacturing Abolition Stop Spread of Slavery
Spread Slavery
Protect Slavery
Agriculture

94. 7b
Describe the westward growth of the United States; include the emerging concept of Manifest Destiny.

97. Manifest Destiny
Belief God was on the side of U.S. expansion from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean.

98. Atlas Online

99. Westward Expansion

101. Texas
Tejas – a territory in Mexico populated by Americans when Moses Austin was granted permission to establish a colony there.
Stephen Austin – Moses’ son establishes Tejas.
Citizens of Tejas feel unfairly taxed and managed by Mexican President Santa Ana
Declare their Independence.

102. Texas War for Independence
Battle of the Alamo- 13 day seige
Feb. 23-Mar. 6, 1836
Mexicans under Santa Ana defeat Texans.
100 Texans v Mexican troops.
All Texans die; 400 Mexicans
“Remember the Alamo”

103. Texans Win- “Lone Star Republic”
Texans beat Santa Ana at the Battle of San Jacinto.
Led by Sam Houston.
Force Santa Ana to recognize Independence.
Texas became an Independent Republic

105. Texas Annexed Then War With Mexico

106. Border Dispute Texas annexed in 1845
U.S. says Mexico’s northern border is Rio Grande River.
Mexico says Mexico’s northern border is Nueces River.
Mexican American War begins over the border of Texas.
James K. Polk was President

109. Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo
Mexico cedes what later becomes California, Nevada, Utah, part of New Mexico, part of Arizona.

110. Gadsden Purchase
U.S. Pays Mexico $15 Million for the dark gray area which is southern Arizona and southern New Mexico.
Settles the southern border of the U.S.

112. Oregon Territory

113. Joint Occupation of Oregon
1842 thousands of United States settlers moved to Oregon seeking a better life.
Oregon Trail.
James K. Polk argued to Great Britain U.S. owned up to 54 degrees 40 minutes line of latitude.

114. Oregon Trail

115. 54° 40' or Fight
Many Americans advocated (supported) war against Great Britain to get control of the Oregon Territory.
Slogan became James K. Polk’s campaign slogan. – He Won!

119. Manifest Destiny Complete By 1853

122. 7c
Describe the reform movements, specifically temperance, abolitionism, and public school.

123. Slave Masters keeping the Status quo
Definition
Characteristics
To Change, Improve
Improve
Modify
Change
Alter
To Make More Democratic
Reform Movements: Organized attempts to improve problems in society
REFORM :
Examples
Non-Examples
Horace Mann-
Slave Masters keeping the Status quo
Public Education reform
To create tax funded public schools
Raise teacher pay, extend school year

124. Temperance Movement
Movement led by women to end the consumption of Alcohol.

125. Public Schools Leader: Horace Mann Purpose: Tax funded public School
Raise Teacher Pay
Extend School year

126. Definition Characteristics
A person who wishes to put an end to or eliminate Slavery.
Stop Slavery
Put and end to slavery
Do away with slavery
Eliminate slavery
Get rid of slavery
Abolitionist movement: organized effort by a group of people to end slavery
Abolitionist :
Examples
Non-Examples
William Loyd Garrison
white abolitionist leader and publisher of The Liberator
To enslave
Bind
Yoke
shackle
Frederick Douglas—former slave and publisher of The North Star

127. Frederick Douglas Former urban slave who escaped.
Famous abolitionist and owner of the newspaper called “North Star”

128. William Lloyd Garrison
White Abolitionist
Publisher of the Newspaper,
“The Liberator”

129. Sarah & Angelina Grimke
Parents owned slaves
Grew up on a plantation
Abolitionist
Spoke out against slavery.

130. 7d
Explain women’s efforts to gain suffrage; include Elizabeth Cady Stanton and the Seneca Falls Conference.

131. Elizabeth Cady Stanton
Led the early women’s suffrage (right to vote) movement.
Organized the Seneca Falls Convention where women won the right to vote by a narrow margin.

132. Definition Characteristics
The right to vote
To go to the polls to vote.
To allow to vote.
Suffrage :
Examples
Non-Examples
Jacksonian Democracy-
People that do not own land can vote Property requirements dropped.
Poll Tax
Grandfather clause
Literacy Tests
African American Suffrage
15th Amendment – right to vote

133. Seneca Falls Convention – Declaration of Sentiments
Worded much like the Declaration of Independence was a Declaration for women.

134. Declaration of Sentiments
“We hold these truths to be self-evident: that all men and women are created equal; that they are endowed by their Creator with certain inalienable rights; that among these are life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness; that to secure these rights governments are instituted, deriving their just powers from the consent of the governed”.

135. 7e
Explain Jacksonian Democracy, expanding suffrage, the rise of popular political culture, and the development of American nationalism.

136. Expanded Suffrage Released the Property requirement to vote.
More of the common class could vote.
Disliked large business interests or groups and liked small businesses and small farmers.
For the Common Man

137. Mudslinging in Election of 1828
John Q. Adams
Misusing public funds
Purchased gambling devices for presidential mansion
Andrew Jackson
Wife Unfaithful (Adultery)
Duels
Massacring Native Americans
Execution of soldiers

138. Rise of Popular Political Culture
Presidential campaigns
Increase in Public participation

139. Famous Trials West Trail of Tears
Part of Indian Removal Act supported by Andrew Jackson
Cherokee of Georgia removed to reservations in Oklahoma

140. Spoils System Fist used by Andrew Jackson
Appointed friends and supporters to government offices.

141. American Nationalism Manifest Destiny Common religion English Language
Ancestry
Culture
Expand in Manifest Destiny