1. Forgetting

2. Encoding Failure

3. We fail to encode the information. It never has a chance to enter our LTM.

4. Test Your Memory Which is the real penny?

5. Storage Decay Even if we encode something well, we can forget it. Without rehearsal, we forget thing over time. Ebbinghaus’s forgetting curve.

6. Ebbinghaus’s Forgetting Curve

7. Retrieval Failure The memory was encoded and stored, but sometimes you just cannot access the memory.

8. Types of Retrieval Failure Proactive Interference The disruptive effect of prior learning on the recall of new information. If you call your new girlfriend your old girlfriend’s name.

9. Types of Retrieval Failure Retroactive Interference The disruptive effect of new learning on the recall of old information. When you finally remember this years locker combination, you forget last years.

10. Motivated Forgetting We sometimes revise our own histories. Honey, I did stick to my diet today!!!!!!

11. Motivated Forgetting One explanation is REPRESSION: in psychoanalytic theory, the basic defense mechanism that banishes anxiety- arousing thoughts, feelings and memories from consciousness. Why does is exist?

12. Forgetting

13. My Trip To Cheesecake Factory You go to the Cheesecake Factory for dinner. You are seated at a table with a white tablecloth. You study the menu. You tell the female server you want Avocado Egg Rolls, extra sauce, Roadslide Sliders, Thai Lettuce Wraps, and Chino-Latino Steak (medium). You also order a Cherry Coke from the beverage list. A few minutes later the server returns with your Avocado Egg Rolls. Later the rest of the meal arrives. You enjoy it all, except the Chino- Latino Steak is a bit overdone.

14. Cheesecake factory How did you order the steak? Was the red tablecloth checkered? What did you order to drink? Did a male server give you a menu?

15. Memory Construction We sometimes alter our memories as we encode or retrieve them. Your expectations, schemas, environment may alter your memories.

16. Misinformation Effect Incorporating misleading information into one’s memory of an event. My parents told me for years I met Guidry. I have the memory- but it never happened!!!

17. Misinformation Effect Depiction of Accident

18. Misinformation Effect Leading Question: About how fats were the cars going when they smashed into each other?

19. Source Amnesia (Source Attribution) Attributing to the wrong source an event we have experienced, heard about, read about or imagined.